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동의보감(東醫寶鑑)에 수록된 치자시탕(梔子?湯) 가미방(加味方) 분석(分析)
제갈경환,김영우,변성희,JeGal, Kyung-Hwan,Kim, Young-Woo,Byun, Sung-Hui 대한한의학방제학회 2012 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.20 No.2
In this study, we selected some herbal formulation about a series of Chijasi-tang in Dongeuibogam by using web-based open program;Prescription Lineage Graph (http://164.125.206.43/PrescriptionLineageGraph.aspx). And we compared and analyzed the changes of efficacy, major target symptoms of each herbal formulation according to compositional variation of each herbal formulation. Chijasi-tang, first appeared in Sanghanlun, consists of Capejasmine and Fermented soybean, and it is mainly used to treat insomnia due to vexation, heartburn and yellow greasy tongue fur. Capejasmine can clear away irritable feverish sensation in chest by flowing downward the heat, and Fermented soybean can disperse stagnated heat throughout the chest by expelling stagnated heat from the exterior In the case of the heat stagnation caused by relapsing of disease due to overstain, Chisijisil-tang can be used. And if symptom appear more on the upper or exterior than a case of Chisijisil-tang, Seosisi-tang could be more suitable, if half exterior and half interior, Omae-tang could be for it. In addition, if symptom caused by relapsing due to improper diet, Chisijihwang-tang could be proper formulation. In the case of the heat stagnation body inside and jaundice, if it is caused by alcohol, Chijadaehwang-tang could be used for the purpose of urgent purgation, Galchul-tang would be suitable for helping the function of the spleen and the stomach and for treatment of damp-heat of the spleen and the stomach. And if it is caused by pandemic infection, Jangdal-hwan would be good formulation for it. Samhwangseokgo-tang and Yangdokchija-tang could be appropriate formulation for the raging of noxious heat and pathogenic fire caused by febrile disease with toxic yang. Daehwangeum-ja is for severe constipation due to heat-dryness with stagnated fever, Haebaek-tang is appropriate for severe diarrhea due to heat type change of Soeum. According to the result of our investigation, although there are various target causes and symptoms of each herbal formulations, whatever pathogenetic cause is, the stagnated heat in interior side is the basis of symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of including Chijasi-tang in composition of each herbal formulation is treatment of the stagnated heat. For such reason, on the fundamental or ancillary basis of Chijasi-tang plus some herbs for each therapeutic purpose.
청열방제간(淸熱方劑間)의 연관성(聯關性) 확립(確立)에 대(對)한 문헌적(文獻的) 연구(硏究)
유재현,제갈경환,윤지석,노종성,변성희,김상찬,Yoo, Jea Hyun,Jegal, Kyung Hwan,Yoon, Ji Seok,Roh, Jong Seong,Byun, Sung Hui,Kim, Sang Chan 대한한의학방제학회 2021 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.29 No.4
Objectives : In traditional herbal medicine, as clinical experience increased, the number of herbal formulas also increased. For example, there are 61,739 herbal formulas in Pujifang, and 96,592 in Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions. In chapter of Clear Heat (CH; 淸熱劑) of textbook, the 38 formulas were presented. For enhancing understanding of herbal formula, a large majority of books explained each individual formula with description or figure about interactions between constituent herbs. But there is no study on the interrelationship of each CH herbal formulas. This study investigated the interrelationship of CH herbal formulas. Methods : The CH herbal formula were analyzed with the ingredients, actions and clinical applications by literature study. Results : To improve cognition the interrelationship of CH herbal formulas, we analyzed the formulas and established the 16 interrelations of herbal formulas. Conclusions : Finally, this study established the interrelation of herbal formula as one figure. This result could contribute to improve cognition on the interrelationship of CH herbal formulas.
Nrf2 활성화(活性化)를 통한 작약(芍藥)의 간보호효과(肝保護效果)
이수환 ( Soo Hwan Lee ),정지윤 ( Ji Yun Jung ),박상미 ( Sang Mi Park ),제갈경환 ( Kyung Hwan Jegal ),변성희 ( Sung Hui Byun ),조일제 ( Il Je Cho ),김상찬 ( Sang Chan Kim ),김광중 ( Kwang Joong Kim ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ) 대한본초학회 2016 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.31 No.1
Objectives : Liver is one of the largest organs in the human, and has a function of detoxification and energy sensing to prevent severe disease. Paeoniae radix has been used to treat a variety of liver diseases such as hepatitis and chronic hepatic failure. Although P. radix has been used as an medicinal herb for a long time, the effects of P. radix on severe oxidative stress and its action mechanism on the liver was not clearly verified. Methods : This study investigated the protective effects of P. radix extract (PRE), and the underlying mechanism of its action in the liver. tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and carbon tetrachlroride (CCl4) were used to induce oxidative stress in the HepG2 hepatocyte cell line and Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively. Results : t-BHP significantly induced cell death and ROS production in HepG2 cell, as indicated by MTT and FACS analysis. However, pretreatment of PRE inhibited a decrease in cell viability and H2O2 production in the HepG2 cells. PRE also blocked the ability of t-BHP to damage in mitochondrial membrane transition. More importantly, PRE induced Nrf2 activation and antioxidant Phase II enzyme, which may have a role in the effects of PRE. In mice, PRE inhibited the liver damage induced by CCl4. Conclusions : PRE inhibited oxidative stress and hepatic damages as mediated with Nrf2 activation. This study unveil, in part, the effect and mechanism of old medicinal herb, P. radix.
금수연,박상미,제갈경환,황보민,조일제,박정아,김상찬,지선영,Keum, Soo Yeon,Park, Sang Mi,Jegal, Kyung Hwan,Hwangbo, Min,Cho, Il Je,Park, Chung A,Kim, Sang Chan,Jee, Seon Young 대한한의학방제학회 2016 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.24 No.4
Objectives : Illicium verum Hook. f. has been known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, analgesic, sedative, convulsive activities, it has been rarely conducted to evaluate the immuno-biological activity. The present study was examined to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of the Illicium verum Hook. f. water extracts (IVE) in vivo and in vitro. Methods : Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The relative levels of NO were measured with Griess reagent. iNOS, COX-2, $NF-{\kappa}B$ and target proteins were detected by immunoblot analysis, and levels of cytokines were analyzed by ELISA kit. Anti-edema effect was determined in the carrageenan (CA)-induced paw edema model in rats. Results : All dosages of IVE used in MTT assay had no significant cytotoxicity. The increases of NO production and iNOS expression were detected in LPS-treated cells compared with control. However, these increases were attenuated by treatment with IVE. Also, IVE reduced the elevated production of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 by LPS. IVE inhibited the $p-I{\kappa}B$ and translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ to nuclear. Furthermore, IVE significantly inhibited the increases of hind paw swelling, skin thicknesses and inflammatory cell infiltrations induced by CA injection. Therefore, IVE will be favorably inhibited the acute edematous inflammations. Conclusion : These results provide evidences that anti-inflammatory effect of IVE is partly due to the reduction of some inflammatory mediators by suppression of $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway.
해표방제간(解表方劑間)의 연관성(聯關性) 확립(確立)에 대(對)한 문헌적(文獻的) 연구(硏究)
유재현,윤지석,제갈경환,노종성,변성희,김상찬,Yoo, Jea Hyun,Yoon, Ji Seok,Jegal, Kyung Hwan,Roh, Jong Seong,Byun, Sung Hui,Kim, Sang Chan 대한한의학방제학회 2021 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.29 No.2
Objectives : The process of disease treatment in traditional medicine is defined as differentiating patterns and determining treatment. As an important part of this process, the herbal formulas are specific combinations or configurations of medicinal herbs that serve as tools for treatment. As clinical experience increased, the number of herbal formulas also increased. For example, there are 61,739 herbal formulas in Pujifang, and 96,592 in Dictionary of traditional chinese medicine prescriptions. In chapter of Release the exterior syndrome (RES; 解表劑) of textbook, the 42 formulas were presented. For the understanding on the formula, most of books explained with description or figure about the formulas. But there is no study on the interrelationship of each herbal formulas. This study investigated the interrelationship of RES herbal formulas. Methods : The RES herbal formulas were analyzed with the ingredients, actions and clinical applications by literature study. Results : To improve cognition the interrelationship of RES herbal formulas, we analyzed the formulas and established the 19 interrelations of herbal formulas. Conclusions : Finally, this study established the interrelation of herbal formula as one figure. This result could contribute to improve cognition the interrelationship of RES.
아라키돈산과 철 유도성 산화적 스트레스에 대한 김앵자(金櫻子) 열수 추출물의 간세포 보호 효능
고해리 ( Hae Li Ko ),제갈경환 ( Kyung Hwan Jegal ),송시연 ( Si Yeon Song ),김난이 ( Nan Ee Kim ),강지원 ( Jiwon Kang ),변성희 ( Sung Hui Byun ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),조일제 ( Il Je Cho ),김상찬 ( Sang Chan Kim ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.6
Objectives : Rosa laevigata Michx. has been used for the treatment of renal disease in traditional Korean medicine. In this study, we investigated cytoprotective effect of R. laevigata water extract (RLE) against oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA) + iron. Methods : To evaluate the protective effects of RLE against AA + iron-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cell, cell viability and changes on apoptosis-related proteins were assessed by MTT and immunoblot analyses. The effects of RLE on reduced glutathione level, production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential were also monitored. Furthermore, to verify underlying molecular mechanism, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was examined by immunoblot analysis. Additionally, Nrf2 transactivation and its downstream target genes expression were also determined by reporter gene and realtime RT-PCR analyses. Results : RLE pretreatment (30-300 μg/ml) prevented cells from AA + iron-mediated cell death in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, 100 μg/ml RLE inhibited AA + iron-induced glutathione depletion, reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunction. RLE accumulated nuclear Nrf2 and also transactivated Nrf2, which was evidenced by antioxidant response element- and glutathione S-transferase A2-driven luciferase activities and mRNA level of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and sestrin 2. Moreover, protective effect of RLE against AA + iron was abolished in Nrf2 knockout cells. Conclusions : These results indicate that RLE has the ability to protect hepatocyte against oxidative stress through Nrf2 activation.
조角刺추출물의 Nrf2 활성화를 통한 간세포 보호 효과
김재광 ( Jae Kwang Kim ),박상미 ( Sang Mi Park ),제갈경환 ( Kyung Hwan Jegal ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),변성희 ( Sung Hui Byun ),김상찬 ( Sang Chan Kim ),조일제 ( Il Je Cho ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.4
Objectives: Oxidative stress is one of the most causes of hepatocyte injury. Gleditsia spina, the thorns of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., has been known for its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects in Korean medicine. The present study investigated hepatoprotective effect of Gleditsia spina water extract (GSE) against oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA) + iron in HepG2 cells. Methods: To investigate cytoprotective effect of GSE, cells were pretreated with GSE and then subsequently exposed to 10 μM AA for 12 h, followed by 5 μM iron. Cell viability was monitored by MTT assay, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins was examined by immunoblot analysis. To identify responsible molecular mechanisms, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, GSH contents, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. In addition, effect of GSE on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was determined by immunoblot and antioxidant response element (ARE)-driven reporter gene assays. Results: GSE pretreatment prevented AA + iron-mediated cytotoxicity in concentration dependent manner. In addition, ROS production, glutathione depletion, and mitochondrial impairment by AA + iron were significantly inhibited by GSE. Furthermore, GSE promoted translocation of Nrf2 to nucleus, which acts as essential transcription factor for induction of antioxidant genes. Increased nuclear Nrf2 that caused by GSE treatment promoted transcriptional activity of ARE. Finally, GSE up-regulated sestrin-2 which was widely recognized as target gene of Nrf2. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that GSE protects hepatocytes from oxidative stress via activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.