방사선사의 직무 스트레스 측정도구 개발을 위한 요인별 신뢰도 분석

정홍량,손부순,임청환,Jung, Hong-Ryang,Son, Bu-Soon,Lim, Cheong-Hwan 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.2

The present study is designed to analyze reliability and validity of the instruments used to measure job stress of radiological technologists mainly by means of the questionnaires from 'Korean edition of NIOSH check list'. The subjects of this study are 890 radiological technologists active at 44 general hospitals in 16 provinces and cities across the country. The item-total reliability revealed that 10 factors in 6 are the major causes of stress in job life of radiological technologists. The measuring instrument proved to be valid with reliability coefficient of internal consistency by factors being more than 0.7. The factors found to be applicable herewith include limit and authority of job (0.73), cohesion within departments (0.86), resources control (0.81), mental requirements (0.85), job load (0.82), and job stability (0.72). When job autonomy item of causes are modified for proper use to radiological technologists, the measuring instruments are expected to show high reliability. It seems, however, necessary to develop a measuring instrument to analyze and use the validity of related measuring instruments since the reliability here was rated low, with statistical coefficients lower than 0.7 in such factors as job management (0.57), conflicts within departments (-1.13), sense of responsibility for patients (0.66) and usage of education (0.26). As this study was intended to examine reliability and validity of the concepts related to measurement of job stress on the part of radiological technologists, it nay not be proper to apply the results of this study to general use, but is advised to utilize them as basis for developing instruments to verify reliability and validity by comparing with and analyzing other measuring instruments.

방사선사의 개인요인과 반응에 따른 지역별 스트레스원 수준 분석

정홍량,손부순,임청환,Jung Hong-Ryang,Son Bu-Soon,Lim Cheong-Hwan 한국환경보건학회 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The present study was conducted to analyze the causes of stress on the part of Korean radiological technologists depending on their working environments. For this purpose, 890 questionnaires were distributed to and collected from radiological technologists who were working at 44 general hospitals in 16 cities and provinces of Korea during the period from the mid July to the end of August 2003. The collected data were compared between regions, divided into the capital, metropolitan, medium and small cities, whose results are as follows: 1. As factors affecting working conditions, drinking was found to exert more influence on radiological technologists in small- and medium-sized cities, while loyalty to immediate seniors and organizations was the one producing greater influence on them in metropolitan cities than other cities. Overall, position, job satisfaction and physical condition seemed to have a great effect on them (p<0.001).2. In terms of factors related to their roles, job satisfaction and physical condition played in general a greater role for radiological technologists (p<0.001). Immediate seniors and behavioral conducts were also found to have a lot influence on them (p<0.01).3. As for job conflicts, the kind of medical institutions seemed to exercise a great deal of impact on radiological technologists (p<0.05), while colleagues, immediate seniors, job satisfaction and physical conditions also produced a lot of influence on them as a whole (p<0.001).4. Regarding job autonomy, radiological technologists were found to have been less influenced by position in metropolitan cities and by immediate seniors in the capital city (p<0.01). As a whole, however, age and job satisfaction acted as decisive factors of influence on them (p<0.001). 5. Among factors related to job burden, gender played a bigger role for radiological technologists in metropolitan cities as the kind of medical institutions did in small- and medium-sized cities. Centrally, job satisfaction and behavioral conducts exercised a great impact on them (p<0.001).6. Job stability seemed to be more immensely linked to gender and physical conditions in metropolitan cities whereas position did more in the capital city. In general, how ever, job satisfaction produced a far-reaching (p<0.001).

방사선사의 건강행위 실천과 육체적$\cdot$사회 심리적 상태와의 관련성 연구

정홍량,손부순,Jung Hong-Ryang,Son Bu-Soon 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.4

This study is aimed at examining the relationship between health behaviors practices and physical and psychological stresses of radiological technologists who are working at general hospitals across the country. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to 890 subjects by means of questionnaires from the middle of July to the end of August 2003, which resulted in the following outcomes: 1. From the technical and statistical analysis into the physical and psychological states, the item 'I feel miserable and dejected' scored the highest points of (3.91), implying that most subjects got heavily stressed, while the item 'Life is worth living' recorded (2.59), representing that only a few of them got less stressed. 2. With regard to an analysis of variance depending on their regular exercise, a significant difference appeared in 7 items(Pl, P2, P5, P6, P12, P17, and Pl8)(P<0.05). 3. Out of analysis into such variance as smoking, significant results were found in the items 'I become uncomfortable or disturbed at night' and 'I can solve my own problems'(P<0.05), while no significant difference was confirmed in other items regardless smoking. 4. From the T-test conducted to the independent sample depending on the drive under the influence, a significant difference was shown only in the item 'I feel very exhausted, even eating is a labo'( P<0.05). 5. The T-test with the independent sample of drinking coffee, the item 'I am satisfied with the method and the procedure of things I do' turned out to be significant( P<0.05) while no particular difference was confirmed in other items. In conclusion, it was revealed from the study that the physical and psychological states and health-related practices of radiological technologists seemed to be more affected by regular exercise than by smoking or drinking wine or coffee, a result confirming that the health-related acts are closely associated with the socio-psychological stresses. It is, therefore, strongly suggested that the practice of health-related acts to properly control stress will contribute to promoting health and pre venting disease of radiological technologists.

유양돌기 방사선검사 시 조사야 사용법에 따른 영상의 유용성 평가

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2021 방사선기술과학 Vol.44 No.5

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of images and to quantitatively measure and analyze the dose of scattered ray to the organs, which were highly sensitive to radiation according to the use of cylinder cone in mastoid process radiography. When the cylinder cone was not used, the SID was 100cm and the field size was 24 × 36 cm(864 ㎠). When using the cylinder cone which was a circle, the SID was 70 cm, the radius was 10.5 cm and field size was 86.59 ㎠. As a result of the study, SNR of the image quality evaluation was measured to be 2.58 for Law method and 3.90 for Stenver’s method when not using cylinder cone, and 2.87 for Law method and 14.67 for Stenver’s method when using cylinder cone. CNR was measured to be 0.03 for Law method and 0.04 for Stenver’s method when cylinder cone was not used, and 0.04 for Law method and 0.05 for Stenver’s method when using cylinder cone. When the cylinder cone was not used, the scattered ray dose was measured to be 0.10 mGy in the right eyeball, 0.30 mGy in the left eyeball, 2.02 mGy in the parotid gland, and 0.29 mGy in the thyroid gland for Law method and to be 0.03 mGy in the right eyeball, 0.12 mGy in the left eyeball, 1.43 mGy in the parotid gland, and 0.09 mGy in the thyroid gland for Stenver’s method. When the cylinder cone was used, the scattered ray dose was measured to be 0.05 mGy in the right eyeball, 0.03 mGy in the left eyeball and the parotid and thyroid gland were below the measurable values for Law method and all areas were below the measurable values for Stenver’s method. This was found to be statistically significant( p<0.000).

방사선사의 개인적 요인이 직무스트레스원에 영향을 주는 관련성 분석

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung),김정구(Jeong-Koo Kim),임청환(Cheong-Hwan Lim),김명수(Myeong-Soo Kim),권대철(Dae-Cheol Kwon),이만구(Man-Koo Lee) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2005 방사선기술과학 Vol.28 No.1

This study is aimed at analyzing the relationship between personal factors of radiological technologists and their job stressors. For this aim, a survey was conducted by means of 890 questionnaires from the middle of July to the end of August 2003 to the subjects of radiological technologists who are working for 44 general hospitals in 16 cities and provinces across the country. The results of the survey could be summed up as follows: 1. The biggest stressor that affects a radiological technologist personally under the working situation turned out to be position, job satisfaction and physical symptom(p<0.001), while job satisfaction and physical symptom also played an important role in personal relationship(p<0.001). 2. In terms of job conflicts, colleagues, immediate seniors, job satisfaction and physical symptoms appeared to exercise great impact(p<0.001), As for job autonomy, age, position and job satisfaction were known to be heavily influential(p<0.001). 3. With regard to job load, job satisfaction and behavioral symptom turned out to have great influence while, in job stability, position and job satisfaction seemed to be immensely influential (p<0.001). The present study has a limit in that it covers only radiological technologists who are working at the 3rd reference hospitals but excludes those who are working at the first and second reference hospitals. The findings, however, are surely believed to be able to serve as basic data to improve the medical service quality as they will help reduce the stressors of and enhance mental and physical health for radiological technologists who play important roles as teammates with expertise in the medical field. These outcomes could also be referred to in future studies in this area. 전국 16개 시도의 44개 3차 의료기관에 근무하는 방사선사의 직무환경에서 발생되는 스트레스원과 개인적인 관련요인을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 근무환경에서 스트레스원에 영향을 주는 개인적인 관련요인은 직위, 직무만족도, 신체화 증상이고, 역할관련에서는 직무만족도와, 신체적 증상이며, 직무안정성에 있어서는 직위와 직무만족도가 많은 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 직무자율성에서 영향을 주는 요인은 연령, 직위, 직무만족도이고, 직무부담에서는 직무만족도, 행동적 증상이며, 직무갈등에서는 직장동료, 직속상관, 직무만족도, 신체적 증상이 영향을 많이 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

유방촬영용 방사선발생장치의 관전압과 관전류 시험 분석

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung),홍동희(Dong-Hee Hong),한범희(Beom-Hui Han) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2014 방사선기술과학 Vol.37 No.1

유방촬영용 방사선발생장치의 성능 관리 및 품질관리에 적용되는 관전압과 관전류량을 IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission; 국제 전기 기술위원회) 60601-2-45에서 제시한 표준을 근거로 시험하고 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 관전압에 따른 제조년도별 표준편차 값은 2001∼2010 사이에서 3.15로 가장 크게 나타났고, 관전류량에 따른 제조년도별 표준편차 값은 2000년 이전에서 6.38로 가장 크게 나타났으며, 2011년 이후에 제조된 장치에서는 PAE(Percent Average Error; 백분률표준오차)의 표준편차가 비교적 적게 나타났다. 이는 최근에 제조된 유방촬영용 방사선발생장치의 관전압과 관전류량이 정확한 성능을 유지하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 본 연구결과를 기초자료로 활용하여 유방촬영용 방사선발생장치의 성능 및 품질 관리를 유지하므로 현재 식품의약품안전청의 “진단용 방사선발생장치의 안전관리에 관한 규칙”에서 규정하고 있는 3년 검사주기 동안에 자가 점검으로 방사선발생장치의 방사선에 대한 안전성 확보와 사용하는 X선 장치의 성능을 일관성(constancy) 있게 유지하도록 함으로서 궁극적으로 방사전에 대한 국민피폭선량을 줄일 수 있는 기대효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. Breast shooting performance management and quality control of the generator is applied to the amount of current IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission) 60601-2-45 tube voltage and tube current are based on standards that were proposed in the analysis of the test results were as follows. Tube voltage according to the value of the standard deviation by year of manufacture from 2001 to 2010 as a 42-3.15 showed the most significant, according to the year of manufacture by tube amperage value of the standard deviation to 6.38 in the pre-2000 showed the most significant, manufactured after 2011 the standard deviation of the devices, the PAE(Percent Average Error) was relatively low. This latest generation device was manufactured in the breast of the tube voltage and tube diagnosed shooting the correct amount of current to maintain the performance that can be seen. The results of this study as the basis for radiography diagnosed breast caused by using the device's performance and maintain quality control, so the current Food and Drug Administration "about the safety of diagnostic radiation generator rule" specified in the test cycle during three years of self-inspection radiation on a radiation generating device ensure safety and performance of the device using a coherent X-ray(constancy) by two ultimately able to keep the radiation dose to the public to reduce the expected effect is expected.

방사선사의 건강행위 실천과 육체적ㆍ사회심리적 상태와의 관련성 연구

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung),손부순(Bu-Soon Son) 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.4

This study is aimed at examining the relationship between health behaviors practices and physical and psychological stresses of radiological technologists who are working at general hospitals across the country. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to 890 subjects by means of questionnaires from the middle of July to the end of August 2003, which resulted in the following outcomes:<br/> 1. From the technical and statistical analysis into the physical and psychological states, the item "I feel miserable and dejected" scored the highest points of (3.91), implying that most subjects got heavily stressed, while the item "Life is worth living" recorded (2.59), representing that only a few of them got less stressed.<br/> 2. With regard to an analysis of variance depending on their regular exercise, a significant difference appeared in 7 items(P1, P2, P5, P6, P12, P17, and P18)(P<0.05).<br/> 3. Out of analysis into such variance as smoking, significant results were found in the items "I become uncomfortable or disturbed at night" and "I can solve my own problems"(P<0.05), while no significant difference was confirmed in other items regardless smoking.<br/> 4. From the T-test conducted to the independent sample depending on the drive under the influence, a significant difference was shown only in the item "I feel very exhausted, even eating is a labo"( P<0.05).<br/> 5. The T-test with the independent sample of drinking coffee, the item "I am satisfied with the method and the procedure of things I do" turned out to be significant(P<0.05) while no particular difference was confirmed in other items.<br/> In conclusion, it was revealed from the study that the physical and psychological states and health-related practices of radiological technologists seemed to be more affected by regular exercise than by smoking or drinking wine or coffee, a result confirming that the health-related acts are closely associated with the socio-psychological stresses. It is, therefore, strongly suggested that the practice of health-related acts to properly control stress will contribute to promoting health and preventing disease of radiological technologists.

전국 종합병원 방사선사의 개인피폭선량에 대한 고찰

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung),임청환(Cheong-Hwan Lim),이만구(Man-Koo Lee) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2005 방사선기술과학 Vol.28 No.2

본 연구는 1998년부터 2002년도까지 전국 16개시·도 44개 종합병원에서 근무하고 있는 최근 5년간 방사선사의 개인평균피폭선량을 측정하여 지역별, 연도별, 병원별로 비교·분석 하였고, 방사선 장비 및 시설의 차이에서 발생될 수 있는 근무환경과 촬영건수의 표준화를 통하여 향후 체계적이고 합리적인 방사선사의 피폭선량 관리가 이루어질 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공하는 목적으로 분석하였다. 5년간 방사선사의 지역별 전체평균피폭선량은 1.61mSv이었고, 지역별로 보면 대구가 4.74mSv로 가장 높으며 강원이 4.65mSv, 경기가 2.15mSv로 높은 순으로 나타났으며, 가장 낮은 지역은 충북이 0.91mSv이고 다음이 제주 0.94mSv, 부산이 0.97mSv 순으로 나타났다. 5년간 연도별 평균선량은 2000년도가 1.80mSv로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 2002년이 1.77mSv, 1999년 1.55mSv, 2001년 1.50mSv, 1998년이 1.36mSv 순으로 나타났으며, 연도별, 지역별 평균피폭선량은 2001년도는 대구지역이1998년, 1999년, 2000년, 2002년은 강원지역이 가장 높게 나타났고, 평균피폭선량이 1.0mSv 이하로 나타난 지역은 1998년에는 제주, 충북, 울산, 1999년 울산, 경북, 제주, 2000년 충북, 2001년 경북, 전북, 2000년에는 인천, 전북, 제주로 나타났다. 병원별 피폭선량은 대구의 KMH가 가장 높게 나타났고, 다음으로 강원의 GAH, 서울의 CAH 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 피폭선량이 낮은 병원은 전남의 YSH가 가장 낮고, 경남의 GNH, 충남의 DKH순으로 나타났다. To find the personal radiation dose of radiological technologists, a survey was conducted to 623 radiological technologists who had been working at 44 general hospitals in Korea's 16 cities and provinces from 1998 to 2002. A total of 2,624 cases about personal radiological dose that were collected were analyzed by region, year and hospital, the results of which look as follows : 1. The average radiation dose per capita by region and year for the 5 years was 1.61mSv. By region, Daegu showed the highest amount 4.74mSv, followed by Gangwon 4.65mSv and Gyeonggi 2.15mSv. The lowest amount was recorded in Chungbuk 0.91mSv, Jeju 0.94mSv and Busan 0.97mSv in order. By year, 2000 appeared to be the year showing the highest amount of radiation dose 1.80mSv, followed by 2002 1.77mSv, 1999 1.55mSv, 2001 1.50mSv and 1998 1.36mSv. 2. In 1998, Gangwon featured the highest amount of radiological dose per capita 3.28mSv, followed by Gwangju 2.51mSv and Daejeon 2.25mSv, while Jeju 0.86mSv and Chungbuk 0.85mSv belonged to the area where the radiation dose remained less than 1.0mSv In 1999, Gangwon also topped the list with 5.67mSv, followed by Daegu with 4.35mSv and Gyeonggi with 2.48mSv. In the same year, the radiation dose was kept below 1.0mSv. in Ulsan 0.98mSv, Gyeongbuk 0.95mSv and Jeju 0.91mSv. 3. In 2000, Gangwon was again at the top of the list with 5.73mSv. Ulsan turned out to have less than 1.0mSv of radiation dose in the years 1998 and 1999 consecutively, whereas the amount increased relatively high to 5.20mSv. Chungbuk remained below the level of 1.0mSv with 0.79mSv. 4. In 2001, Daegu recorded the highest amount of radiation dose among those ever analyzed for 5 years with 9.05mSv, followed by Gangwon with 4.01mSv. The area with less than 1.0mSv included Gyeongbuk 0.99mSv and Jeonbuk 0.92mSv. In 2002, Gangwon also led the list with 4.65mSv while Incheon 0.88mSv, Jeonbuk 0.96mSv and Jeju 0.68mSv belonged to the regions with less than 1.0 mSv of radiation dose. 5. By hospital, KMH in Daegu showed the record high amount of average radiation dose during the period of 5 years 6.82mSv, followed by GAH 5.88mSv in Gangwon and CAH 3.66mSv in Seoul. YSH in Jeonnam 0.36mSv comes first in the order of the hospitals with least amount of radiation dose, followed by GNH in Gyeongnam 0.39mSv and DKH in Chungnam 0.51 mSv. There is a limit to the present study in that a focus is laid on the radiological technologists who are working at the 3rd referral hospitals which are regarded to be stable in terms of working conditions while radiological technologists who are working at small-sized hospitals are excluded from the survey. Besides, there are also cases in which hospitals with less than 5 years since establishment are included in the survey and the radiological technologists who have worked for less than 5 years at a hospital are also put to survey. We can't exclude the possibility, either, of assumption that the difference of personal average radiological dose by region, hospital and year might be ascribed to the different working conditions and facilities by medical institutions. It seems therefore desirable to develop standardized instruments to measure working environment objectively and to invent device to compare and analyze them by region and hospital more accurately in the future.

방사선사의 교육시스템과 보건정책에 대한 조사 연구

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung),김명수(Myeong-Soo Kim),최진(Jin Choi) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2004 방사선기술과학 Vol.27 No.4

전국 167개 시도의 44개 종합병원에 근무하는 방사선사 890명을 대상으로 방사선사의 인력양성 및 보건정책에 대한 사항을 특별시, 광역시, 중소도시의 지역별과 근속연수별로 구분하여 분산분석을 실시, 향후 방사선사의 인력양성 및 보건정책에 관한 기초 자료를 제공하는 목적이 있으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 방시선사의 교육과정에 있어서 근속년수별 분산분석 결과 4년제 방사선학과 개설과 교육과정 개정의 필요성을 20년 이상의 경력자가 5년 이하보다 높게 나타나 근속년수가 오래될수록 4년제 방사선학과 개설의 필요성을 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 방시선사에 대한 국가 보건정책에 대한 사항에서는 의료기사법의 개정의 필요성과 법정인력 확보의 필요성이 높게 나타났고, 방사선사의 인력배출 수급과 의료보험 청구시 방사선사 면허번호 청구제도의 필요성이 지역별로 유의수준으로 나타났다. In order to assess policies for training of radiological technologists and public health, this study was conducted from the mid July to the end of August 2003 to the subjects of 890 radiological technologists who work at 44 general hospitals in 16 cities and provinces of the country For this purpose, an analysis of variance was performed by regions divided in Capital city, metropolitan areas and small- and medium-sized cities as well as by length of service. The outcomes look as follows 1. From the analysis of replies to questions about the government health policy for radiological technologists, high scores were given to the items "lithe law of Medical Engineers should be revised from the pattern of supervision to assignment" and "the medical institutions should be legally obliged to secure certain number of radiological technologists". 2. From the analysis of variance by regions and groups, there was difference by regions in the items "demand and supply of radiological technologists should be controlled" and "the license number of radiological technologists should be indicated in the medical insurance bill"(P<0.000). 3. From the analysis of variance as to training of radiological technologists, a significant difference was found by length of service in the items "it is necessary to open a 4-year department of radiology and to revise curriculum" and lithe legal system to indicate license number of radiological technologists in the medical insurance bill should be introduced" 4. The analysis of variance by length of service revealed that those who have served for more than 20 years favored "it is necessary to open a 4-yeat department of radiology and to revise curriculum" higher than those who have served for less than 5 years, showing a tendency the longer they work, the stronger they feel necessity".

배변조영촬영에 있어 필터사용에 따른 생식선량 및 유용성에 관한 연구

정홍량(Hong-Ryang Jung),김기정(Ki-Jung Kim),조정근(Jung-Keun Cho) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.9 No.5

본 연구는 배변조영촬영 시 피폭을 받는 생식선(난소, 고환)에 대한 선량과 필터사용에 따른 선량의 차이를 측정하여 유용성을 분석한 것으로 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 난소와 고환이 받는 선량은 필터를 사용하지 않은 경우에 왼쪽 난소(Left Ovary) 23.4m㏉, 오른쪽 난소(Right Ovary) 7.5m㏉, 고환(Testis) 10.3m㏉이었고, 부가필터만 사용한 경우 왼쪽 난소 22.4m㏉, 오른쪽 난소 7.0m㏉, 고환 9.5m㏉이었다. 또한, 배변조영용 필터만 사용한 경우 왼쪽 난소 26.7m㏉, 오른쪽 난소 8.4m㏉, 고환 11.5m㏉로 나타났으며, 두 가지 필터를 모두 사용한 경우 왼쪽 난소 20.5m㏉, 오른쪽 난소 6.2m㏉, 고환 7.5m㏉이었다. 양측 난소와 고환 모두 필터의 사용에 따라 선량의 차이가 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 필터의 사용 조합에 따라 필터를 사용하지 않았을 때를 기준으로 부가필터만 사용했을 때 왼쪽 난소는 선량이 10% 감소되었고, 오른쪽 난소 5%, 고환 8% 감소하였다. 배변조영용 필터만을 사용했을 때는 오히려 왼쪽 난소가 33% 선량이 증가하였고, 오른쪽 난소 9%, 고환은 12% 증가하였다. 두 가지 필터를 모두 사용하였을 때에는 왼쪽 난소는 29% 감소되었고, 오른쪽 난소 13%, 고환은 28% 감소하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 배변조영용 필터만을 사용했을 때는 오히려 선량이 증가하였으며 부가필터만 사용하거나 두 가지 필터 모두 사용하였을 때 현저히 선량이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. The study is to measure a variation of exposed dose on genital glands (ovary, testis) which are exposed to radiation during the defecography to diagnosis domain according to use of filters and to look into its utility. whose results are as follows: The measured values of dose were the left ovary 23.4m㏉, the right ovary 7.5m㏉, the testis 10.3m㏉ in case of not using filter at all, the left ovary 22.4m㏉ the right ovary 7.0m㏉, the testis 9.5m㏉ in case of using an additional filter only, the left ovary 26.7m㏉, the right ovary 8.4m㏉, the testis 11.5m㏉ in case of using a defeco filter only and the left ovary 20.5m㏉, the right ovary 6.2m㏉, the testis 7.5m㏉ in case of using both an additional filter and a defeco filter, respectively. When comparing with the value in case of not using filter at all, the dose to the left ovary decreased by 10%, the dose to right ovary by 5% and the testis by 8% respectively in case of using an additional filter only. While the dose to the left ovary increased by 33%, the dose to right ovary by 9% and the testis by 12% respectively gonad a defeco filter only. And in case of using both an additional filter and a defeco filter, the dose to the left ovary decreased by 29%, the dose to right ovary by 13% and the testis by 28% respectively. In other words, the dose increased in case of using a defeco filter only while the dose decreased markedly on the rest conditions such as using an additional filter only, using a defeco filter only and using both an additional filter and a defeco filter.