리틀·주니어 야구복 상의 기준패턴 개발

전정일 ( Jun Jung-il ),강인애 ( Gang In-ae ),배영윤 ( Bae Young-yoon ),황현정 ( Hwang Hyun-jung ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2013 한국디자인포럼 Vol.39 No.-

최근 리틀·주니어 야구 활동인구의 증가에 따라 국내 아동·청소년의 체형 특성 및 야구의 운동특성을 고려하여 야구복 상의의 사이즈스펙 및 기준패턴을 개발하였다. 리틀·주니어 야구 유니폼 디자인을 위한 연구의 대상 범위를 한국의 만7세~만15세 소년으로 설정하였다. 연구대상 범위의 중심 연령인 만11세를 기준 연령으로 설정하고, 5차 사이즈 코리아 직접 측정 장치를 이용하여 리틀·주니어 체형을 고려한 사이즈스펙을 개발하여 인체치수를 기반으로 한 그레이딩 편차를 설정하였다. 먼저 리틀·주니어 야구복을 생산하고 있는 국내 3개사 제품의 만 11세용 업체패턴을 비교분석하였다. 1차 연구패턴은 오픈형 셋인 소매 타입을 기준으로 가슴둘레 여유분 21cm 그리고 옷길이 67.2cm로 개발하였다. 3차원 인체형상을 이용하여 1차 가상 피팅 방법으로 전문가 5인이 착의평가 결과를 이용한 외관평가를 실시하였다. 그 결과 2차 가상 피팅 방법으로 제작한 기준패턴을 개발하였다. 그 결과 가슴둘레 여유분량이 16cm인 기준패턴이 개발되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발 된 리틀·주니어를 위한 야구복 상의 사이즈스펙과 기준패턴은 작은 시장 규모와 영세한 업체가 밀집되어있는 야구복 생산업체에 제공함으로써 국내 리틀·주니어 야구복 시장의 기술기반 마련에 기초가 될 것이다. Amidst the recent increase of little & junior baseball population, this study aims at developing the size specification and prototype pattern of baseball jerseys considering the body type characteristics of Korean children & teenagers and the athletic characteristics of baseball. The target range of research for little & junior baseball uniforms design was set at 7~15 year old boys in Korea. With 11 years as the prototype age when physical changes suddenly begin, the direct measuring instrument of 5th Size Korea was used to develop the size specification considering little & junior body types, and the grading increment based. Currently, the 1^st research pattern appropriate for the prototype size has been manufactured through comparative analysis of the business pattern for 11 year olds from 3 local producer of little & junior baseball uniforms. The 1st research pattern was developed with extra chest size 21cm and garment length 67.2cm based on the sleeve type of open-type set. Using the 3-dimensional human model, the 1^st Virtual Fitting Simulation was created and fitting test was conducted by 5 experts. Accordingly, the final prototype pattern was designed, and the 2^nd Virtual Fitting Simulation was conducted. According to its results, the final prototype pattern that set the extra chest size as 16cm was developed. Hence, the size specification and prototype pattern of baseball jerseys for little & junior developed in this study shall be provided to baseball uniform manufacturers of limited market size where small scale businesses are concentrated in establishing the foundation for technological basis in local little & junior baseball uniform market.

착용특성을 고려한 액티브시니어 브라탑 디자인 요소 추출

전정일 ( Jun Jung-il ),오순 ( Oh Soon ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2015 한국디자인포럼 Vol.48 No.-

브라탑은 가슴의 형태를 보정하여 심미성을 높이고 적절한 압력으로 가슴을 감싸주어 가슴의 움직임을 최소화시키는 기능성의복이다. 따라서 연령별, 체형별 적절한 형태와 기능이 요구되는데, 최근 시판되고 있는 50대 이상의 시니어를 타깃으로 하고 있는 대다수의 브라탑 제품의 경우 20대 브래지어 형태와 기능을 기초로 하여 시니어용으로 전개하고 있어서 시니어 여성의 체형과 감성이 적용된 형태의 브라탑을 찾아보기 힘들다. 이에 본 연구에서는 50대 액티브시니어 여성의 브라탑 디자인을 개발하기 위하여 시판 제품의 착의평가를 실시하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 50대 액티브시니어 여성의 브라탑 최적디자인 요소를 도출하였다. 본 실험의 피험자는 액티브시니어 브라탑 중심사이즈 구간 80A에 해당하는 50대 여성 3명으로 선정하였으며, 실험복은 50대 여성이 선호하는 유사 디자인 제품 4종으로 선정하였다. 실험은 피험자 주관적평가, 전문가 외관평가, 의복압 평가, 3차원 인체형상 단면분석을 실시하였다. 디자인요소를 추출한 결과는 다음과 같다. 어깨에서 느껴지는 하중과 동적 불편함을 최소화하기 위한 11자형의 넓은 어깨끈, 가슴을 잘 커버할 수 있는 깊이의 가슴선과 겉옷 착용 시를 고려하여 적절히 파인 목둘레선, 시니어의 젖가슴형태에 맞는 브라컵 형태, 가슴을 모아주고 받쳐줄 수 있는 브라컵 형태, 겨드랑 부위와 옆구리, 등 부위의 군살 커버가 가능한 넓은 날개폭의 디자인이 요구되는 것으로 나타났다. Bra tops are functional clothes which will revise the shape of the breast, enhance the aesthetics of the breast, and minimize the movement of the breast through holding up the breast with appropriate pressure. Therefore, they require an appropriate shape and function for each age and stature. Yet, most of bra top products, which are recently put on the market and which are targeted at seniors in their 50s or older, are rarely those suitable to the stature and sentiments of senior women since they are developed on the basis of the shape and function of a brassiere manufactured for consumers in their 20s. So, this research is aimed to evaluate the wearable-ness of such products as are on the market and, on the basis of the results, derive optimum design elements for bra tops worn by active senior women in their 50s, with a view to developing designs for bra tops worn by such women. In this experiment, three subjects were selected from among those who had 80A size which is included in a central size zone of bra tops for active seniors. And as for the experimental clothes, four kinds of products of a similar design were chosen according to the likings of women in their 50s. The experiment comprises the subjects` subjective evaluation, specialists` exterior view evaluation, an evaluation of clothing pressure, and a 3-dimensional and sectional analysis of a human body shape. The following are the design elements extracted from the final results. Desired designs are for the purpose of securing 11-shaped wide shoulder bands which minimize the load and dynamic discomfort felt from the shoulders, lines around the neck which are appropriately cut in consideration of breast lines and an outer garment which are as long as to cover up the breast well, a bra cup shape which is suitable for the shape of the breast of seniors, such a bra cup shape as can put together and hold up the breast, and a wide blade which can cover the armpit & the flank and the back part & superfluous flesh.

연구논문 : 컴프레션웨어의 디자인과 제품구성요소 분석

이정화 ( Jung Hwa Lee ),전정일 ( Jung Il Jun ),최경미 ( Kueng Mi Choi ) 한국의류산업학회 2014 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.16 No.3

The aim of this study was to provide compression wear manufacture brands with information needed for product development. 8 tops and 7 bottoms from widely recognized compression wear manufacture brands were selected, and their product structural elements were analyzed, too. The results showed that most compression wear designs were applications of cutting lines designed considering muscle movements of the human body. The average number of cutting lines for patterns and designs were 14 for tops and 15 for bottoms. Different colored material was mainly used on the top for areas that require ventilation or high movement during sports for tops, and for areas that require muscle and joint support during sports for bottoms. The functionality of top materials were found to be stretch, muscle support, moisture absorption and high speed drying, warmth and ventilation for tops, in order of frequency, and stretch, muscle support, moisture absorption and high speed drying, and pressure for bottoms, in order of frequency. Tops were cut in the direction of the lengthwise grain, and bottoms were not only cut in the direction of the lengthwise grain, but also in the direction of the crosswise grain and bias for many products. Tops consisted of an average of 13 organically connected panels, and bottoms consisted of an average of 18 organically connected panels, which was analyzed to improve functionality. The average clothing surface area stretch rate was 85.7% for tops and 70.0% for bottoms, indicating that bottoms were designed to have higher strain rates compared to tops.

연구논문 : 인체 근육 위치에 기초한 40대 남성을 위한 컴프레션 웨어 상의 개발

이정화 ( Jung Hwa Lee ),전정일 ( Jung Il Jun ),최경미 ( Kueng Mi Choi ) 한국의류학회 2015 한국의류학회지 Vol.39 No.2

This study presented functional designs for development of functional compression wear for men in their forties based on body muscles as well as designed 2D patterns using 3D standard body form data of men in their forties. Patterns with an optimal stretch rate were proposed through a comfort evaluation. Different material was used for different areas such as the sports ability strengthening areas including body parts that often move for sports (such as the shoulders, abdomen and lower arm), areas that require ventilation for perspiration (such as the chest and back center, and armpits), and stable form areas (such as the chest, waist and elbows). The front and back surface areas of the developed pattern was an average 102.4% size compared to the body surface area. The results indicated that the 90% reduction pattern showed changes in pressure value according to area of movement, had the best breathability when worn, and had the best, most comfortable fit compared to the other subjects. The clothing pressure values of the pattern were around 22.1- 23.4mmHg for the arm area (which has a big movement range and has many muscles) and 10.4-11.8mmHg for chest and abdomen areas related to major organs and breathing, indicating appropriate clothing pressure. A compression wear top pattern with pressure appropriate to the target age range and excellent appropriateness for the body form will be developed for men in their forties. A study method will be proposed to develop design technology for ergonomic compression wear tops with excellent fit and comfort.

조기 간세포암종에서 간동맥 색전술과 경피적 고주파열 병합치료

임준욱 ( Jun Uk Lim ),신현필 ( Hyun Phil Shin ),이정일 ( Joung Il Lee ),박재준 ( Jae Jun Park ),전정원 ( Jung Won Jeon ),임규성 ( Kyu Seong Lim ) 대한간암학회 2012 대한간암학회지 Vol.12 No.1

In most early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), surgical resection or liver transplantation is the first choice of treatment. However, surgery is often impossible because of patient`s physical condition such as advanced liver cirrhosis, other comorbidities, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be used as substitute treatment. Recently, it has been reported that clinical outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with RFA were similar to that of surgical resection. This report describes a 49-year-old male with 1.5 cm sized HCC. Because the patient could not undergo surgical resection and the tumor was not localized on ultrasonography (US), TACE was performed instead. But the residual tumor was still detected on follow-up contrast enhanced US, we performed additional RFA. After combined treatment with TACE and RFA, viable portion of the tumor was not detected on one month follow-up CT and MRI image. The patient remains well without recurrence, 12 months after combined treatment. It is suggested that TACE combined with RFA can be an alternative choice of early small HCC treatment.

자동패턴설계를 위한 40대 성인 남성 체형의 특징과 유형화

이정화 ( Lee Jung-hwa ),전정일 ( Jun Jung-il ),최경미 ( Choi Kueng-mi ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2013 한국디자인포럼 Vol.39 No.-

최근 패션시장에서는 경제력을 갖추고 소비의 주체로 떠오르고 있는 40대 남성에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 비만도가 증가하고 배가 나오는 등 체형이 급격히 변화하는 40대 남성을 타깃으로 하는 기능성 의류제품은 높은 맞음새와 기능적 설계가 요구되어 체형의 특징요소를 기반으로 한 패턴설계가 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 40대 남성들을 대상으로 요인분석을 통해 패턴설계에 영향을 미치는 체형의 특징을 분석하여 패턴변형요소를 추출하고, 체형특징을 기반으로 군집분석을 실시하여 각 체형특징에 준한 체형의 유형화를 통해 패턴 설계의 변형 범위를 제공하고자 한다. 연구대상은 40세에서 49세의 남성 435명(6차 사이즈 코리아 직접측정 데이터)이며 직접측정치 42항목, 키와 가슴둘레에 대한 지수치 33항목, 둘레항목 편평율 4항목에 대해서 분석하였다. 이상의 항목에 의한 요인분석과 군집분석을 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 직접측정치 항목에 대한 요인분석 결과 5개의 요인이 추출되었다. 제 1요인은 크기 요인, 제 2요인은 하반신높이, 제 3요인은 상반신길이, 제 4요인은 어깨크기, 제 5요인은 엉덩이길이로 나타났다. 둘째, 설계변수 활용을 위한 가슴둘레 지수치를 이용한 요인분석 결과, 제 1요인은 하반신형태, 제 2요인은 배부위형태, 제 3요인은 상반신굵기로 나타났다. 셋째, 설계 세로비율 설정을 위해 키 지수치를 이용한 요인분석 결과, 제 1요인은 어깨형태, 제 2요인은 어깨크기, 제 3요인은 팔길이, 제 4요인은 밑위길이, 제 5요인은 상반신길이로 나타났다. 넷째, 직접측정치 항목의 인자점수에 의한 군집분석결과 총 3개의 유형이 도출되었다. 유형 1은 가장 마르고 하반신이 길며 상반신은 짧고 어깨가 넓은 체형으로 나타났고 유형 2는 가장 비만하고 하반신과 엉덩이길이 및 팔길이가 짧은 체형으로, 유형 3은 둘레는 중간정도며 하반신은 짧으나 엉덩이길이는 길고 어깨가 좁은 체형으로 요약되었다. 다섯째, 가슴둘레 지수치 인자점수에 의한 군집분석결과, 유형 1은 하반신이 굵으나 가장 마른 체형으로 나타났고 유형 2는 상반신 굵기는 보통이나 하반신이 굵고 배가 돌출된 체형으로, 유형 3은 가장 상반신이 굵으나 하반신은 상대적으로 가늘고 배돌출은 중간정도로 요약되었다. 여섯째, 키 지수치 인자점수에 의한 군집분석결과, 유형 1은 상반신과 팔이 길며 어깨가 좁고 처진 체형으로 나타났고 유형2는 상반신과 팔길이가 짧으며 밑위길이가 긴 체형으로 요약되었다. 유형 3은 어깨가 넓고 솟은 어깨로 상반신과 팔길이가 길고 밑위길이가 짧은 체형으로, 유형 4는 상반신 길이와 팔길이, 밑위길이가 긴 체형으로 요약되었다. 이상의 결과는 의복 패턴의 맞춤형 자동설계를 위한 패턴변형요소의 표준화와 패턴변형 범위설정의 기초자료로 제공되어 높은 맞음새가 요구되는 기능성 의류 설계의 자동화에 기여할 수 있을 것이다. Recently, there has been a growing interest in `men in their forties` who have ample financial resources and have emerged as main consumers in fashion market. The functional clothes products targeting the men in their forties - who experience rapid changes in body type characterized by the increasing obesity and pot belly - require high fitness and functional design and therefore require the pattern design based on the characteristic elements of body type. In this situation, this study was intended to present the modification scope of pattern design by classifying the body type of the `men in their forties` into different categories based on the characteristics of each body type. For that, the characteristics of body type in the `men in their forties`, which would affect the pattern design, were analyzed to identify the elements of pattern modification, and furthermore, the cluster analysis was conducted based on the characteristics of body type. The subject of this study was 435 men aged between 40 and 49(data obtained through direct measurement of the 6th size Korea). The analysis was conducted for 42 items of direct measurements, 33 index value items for height and chest circumference, and 4 flatness items of circumference. From the analysis and cluster analysis based on aforesaid items, the following conclusion was drawn: First, 5 elements were identified from the element analysis of direct measurement items. The first element was the size element. The second element was the height element of the lower half of body. The third element was the length element of upper half of body. The fourth element was the shoulder size element, and the fifth element was the hip length element. Second, the element analysis was conducted using the chest circumference index value for application of design variables. As a result, the first element was the shape of lower half of body. The second element was the shape of abdomen area, and the third element was the upper body thick element. Third, the element analysis was conducted using the height index value for setting the vertical ratio of design. Resultantly, the first element was the shape of shoulder. The second element was the shoulder size. The third element was the arm length. The fourth element was the crotch length, and the fifth element was the length of the upper half of body. Fourth, a total of 3 types were identified from cluster analysis based on element scores of direct measurement items. Type 1 was found to be the body type which was the most slender with long lower half of body, short upper half of body and broad shoulder. Type 2 was the body type which was the most obese with short lower half of body, short hip length and arm length. Type 3 was the body type with intermediate circumference, short lower half of body, long hip length, and narrow shoulder. Fifth, based on the cluster analysis based on element scores for chest circumference index value, Type 1 was the body type with thick lower half of body but was found to be the most slender body type. Type 2 had moderate degree of upper body thick but was the body type with thick lower half of body and protruded belly. Type 3 was the body type which upper body was the most thick but was found to have relatively thin lower half of body and moderately protruded belly. Sixth, based on the cluster analysis based on element scores for height index value, Type 1 was the body type with long upper half of body and arms, narrow and drooping shoulders. Type 2 was the body type with short upper half of body and arm and long crotch length. Type 3 was the body type with broad and rising shoulder, long upper half of body and arm, and short crotch length. Type 4 was the body type with long upper half of body, long arm, and long crotch length. The results above provide basic data for standardizing the pattern modification elements and defining the pattern modification scope for customized automated design of clothes patterns, thereby contributing to the automation of functional clothes design that requires high fitness.

남성용 런닝 컴프레션웨어의 설계특성 분석 및 운동부하검사를 통한 유산소수행능력의 검증

최경미 ( Kueng-mi Choi ),전정일 ( Jung-il Jun ),이진석 ( Jin-seok Lee ),류영실 ( Young-sil Ryu ),김혜숙 ( Hye-suk Kim ),김인화 ( In-hwa Kim ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2017 한국디자인포럼 Vol.54 No.-

연구배경 본 연구의 목적은 컴프레션웨어 착용이 런닝시 유산소수행능력에 미치는 영향을 밝혀 보다 우수한 런닝용 컴프레션웨어를 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 연구방법 시중에서 판매중인 남성용 런닝 컴프레션웨어 2종의 설계 특성을 분석한 후 운동부하검사를 통해 이들의 착용이 유산소수행능력에 미치는 영항을 검증하였다. 연구결과 컴프레션웨어 A는 하의쪽에서 수평방향의 압박이 강하고 상대적으로 컴프레션웨어 B는 이와는 반대로 상의쪽의 압박이 강한 특성을 보였다. 컴프레션웨어 B의 하의에는 수축력을 보완하기 위한 밴드가 부착되어 있어 Stretch Shortening Cycle 작용을 강화하도록 설계가 이루어졌다. 운동부하검사에서는 대부분의 항목이 처치 간 통계적 유의차를 보이지 않았으나 운동지속시간과 최대산소섭취량의 평균에서 컴프레션웨어를 착용하는 것이 그렇지 않은 경우보다 우수한 결과를 나타났다. 운동 시 최대심박수를 증가시키기 위해서는 상반신에 강한 압박이 가해지는 컴프레션웨어 B를 착용하는 것이 더 유리하였다. 결론 본 연구는 런닝 중 운동능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 컴프레션웨어를 개발하기 위한 기초연구로 컴프레션웨어 착용이 일부 운동기능에 긍정적인 영향이 미칠 수 있음을 밝혔다. Background The purpose of this study is to provide base data needed for the development of improved men`s running compression wear by verifying positive effects on the aero capacity of the wears. Methods Design features of two compression wears were analyzed and the influences to the aero capacity were verified using incremental treadmill exercise testing. Result The compression wear A had more compression on the pants than B in a horizontal direction and the compression wear B had more compression on the shirt than A. The compression bands were attached only on the pants of the compression wear B, which is effective to assist the contractile force of muscles by `Stretch Shortening Cycle` effect. In the incremental treadmill exercise testing, there were no significant differences by the clothing treatments. But concerning the increments of means in the `exercise duration` and the `maximal oxygen uptake`, wearing the compression wear may has the positive effects to enhance the aero capacities. The compression wear B which has stronger compression on the upper body showed an advantageous result to increase the maximal heart rate. Conclusion The positive effects of compression wear to enhance some of exercise abilities were verified by the result of incremental treadmill exercise testing. This study can be used to provide baseline data for the development of new running compression wears with improved performances.

독립성분 해석을 이용한 절삭력 예측

이영문,장승일,이동식,전정운,Lee, Young-Moon,Jang, Sung-Il,Lee, Dong-Sik,Jun, Jung-Woon 한국기계가공학회 2003 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Cutting force signals are very useful to evaluate the cutting state, but many disturbing factors are occurring during cutting. For the reliability of the analysis, selecting pure cutting force signals from the original ones is needed. In the current study, using the ICA(Independent Component Analysis) effective cutting force components are seperated from the original signals. And using this, as input data of MLP(Multi-Layer Perception) cutting forces are predicted Experimental results are then compared with the predicted ones to verify the validation of the proposed model.

체형맞춤형 야구복 패턴 자동화를 위한 체형 변형룰 개발

최경미 ( Choi Kueng-mi ),전정일 ( Jun Jung-il ),오순 ( Oh Soon ),류영실 ( Ryu Young-sil ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2013 한국디자인포럼 Vol.41 No.-

의류산업에서 대량생산에 비해 낮은 생산 효율로 인해 외면당했던 맞춤 생산이 새로운 첨단 자동화 기술과 IT 기술이 접목되면서 점차 실현 가능해지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 소량으로 맞춤생산 되고 있는 야구복의 체형맞춤형 패턴자동화를 실현하기 위하여 체형변형룰과 패턴변형 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 체형맞춤의 사이즈를 커버하기 위한 첫 단계로 기준사이즈 패턴의 설계 및 선택을 위한 기준 사이즈 스펙으로 상의는 11개사이즈, 하의는 13개사이즈를 개발 하였다. 2. 체형변형요소를 추출하기 위해 야구복의 설계항목으로 요인분석을 실시하여 상의와 하의 각 4개의 체형변형요소가 추출되었다. 체형변형요소 중 착용방법과 디자인을 고려하여, 상의는 부피크기와 배돌출 정도(1요인)와 높이크기(3요인)를, 하의는 부피크기(1요인)와 높이크기(2요인), 밑위길이의 차이(3요인)를 패턴변형부위로 선정하였다. 3. 상의의 체형변형룰은 1요인인 부피크기요인은 기준패턴의 사이즈 선정에 적용하고 배돌출 정도는 기준패턴과의 차를 패턴 변형에 적용하였다. 3요인인 높이크기는 기준패턴과의 키 차를 패턴구간별로 비례에 맞도록 패턴 변형에 적용하였다. 4. 하의의 체형변형룰은 1요인인 부피크기는 기준패턴의 사이즈 선정에 적용하고 2요인인 높이크기는 기준패턴과의 키 차를 패턴구간별로 비례에 맞도록 적용하였다. 3요인인 밑위길이의 차이는 키와 배꼽수준허리둘레를 독립변수로 다중회귀식을 이용하여 패턴 변형에 적용하였다. 5. 이상과 같이 개발된 결과를 바탕으로 패턴탐색변수로 기준 사이즈패턴을 선정하고 기준사이즈와의 차이 치수를 체형변형룰에 의해 패턴변형을 실시하여 최종 개인의 체형맞춤형 야구복 패턴자동화가 가능한 체형맞춤형 알고리즘을 개발하였다. In the apparel industry, custom-made production, which had been neglected due to remarkably lower efficiency of production than that of mass production, has become increasingly practical by virtue of combination with new high-tech automation technology and IT technology in recent years. In this context, the present study was attempted to develop a body shape alteration rules and an algorithm of pattern alteration in order to realize the automation of baseball uniform patterns customized according to body shapes. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. As the first step for covering the sizes customized according to body shapes, standard reference sized patterns were designed and selected. For standard reference sized specifications, eleven (11) sizes for jerseys/jackets and thirteen (13) sizes for pants were developed. 2. To extract body shape alteration elements, a factor analysis was performed with the design parameters of baseball uniform. Four body shape alteration elements for each of jerseys/jackets and pants were extracted. In consideration for wearing method and design among the body shape alteration elements extracted, volumetric size and the degree of abdominal protrusion (Factor 1), and height size (Factor 3) for jerseys/jackets and volumetric size (Factor 1), and height size (Factor 2) and difference in crotch length (Factor 3) for pants were chosen as the regions of pattern transformation. 3. In the case of the body shape alteration rules for jerseys/jackets, volumetric size as Factor 1 was applied to sizing for standard reference patterns, while for the degree of abdominal protrusion, the difference from standard reference patterns was applied to pattern transformation. For height size as Factor 3, the difference in body height from standard reference patterns was applied to pattern alteration so that it could be proportionally suited by pattern intervals. 4. In the case of the body shape alteration rules for pants, volumetric size as Factor 1 was applied to sizing for standard reference patterns, and for height size as Factor 2, the difference in body height from standard reference patterns was applied to pattern alteration so that it could be proportionally suited by pattern intervals. As Factor 3, difference in crotch length was applied to pattern alteration using multiple regression analysis with body height and waist circumference(omphalion) as independent variables. 5. Based upon the above-mentioned results, standard reference sized patterns were selected as patterns exploring variables, and sizes with differences from standard reference sizes were adapted to pattern alteration through a body shape alteration rule, followed by developing an automation algorithm of custom patterns for baseball uniforms customized according to individual body shapes.

유치원과 초ㆍ중등학교 교과서 내 산림 교육 현황 및 개선 방안

이재영(Lee Jae Young),전정일(Jeon Jeong Il),주형선(Chu Hyung Seon),곽정난(Gwak Jung Nan),조경준(Cho Kyoung Jun),박효인(Park Hyo In),조찬희(Cho Chan Hee),박정순(Park Jung Soon),황은실(Hwang Eun Sil),류미(Ryu Mi) 한국환경교육학회 2010 環境 敎育 Vol.23 No.1

As an effort to realize the results of last two years of study, this study had three distinguished purposes: 1) confirming whether some requests for corrections had been accepted or not 2) making a list of possible errors found in newly written textbooks and asking to fix them, and 3) classifying forest related contents identified in the textbooks according to the 150 topics included in information material, so called Forest IQ 200. Among 94 errors associated trees, forest or forest education, only thirteen of them were found to be fixed according to the request made in previous study of 2008. Especially, most of the fixed errors were identified to be in natural and social science subject textbooks and nothing was found in art and language areas. Total of 1,320 forest related items were found in the textbooks at the level of kindergarten to 10th grade(freshman in highschool). Korean student was expect to have a chance to learn forest related items 1.64 times a week for 10 years(First to 10th grade). Analyzing 1,109 contents in terms of four topic areas of forest education, the forest culture area was found to have most content of 348 including painting and recreation. Some suggestions were made to make school forest education better, and publishing the forest textbook for elementary schools was one of them.