지역사회 평생교육기관 문제점 및 활성화 과제 -대전 유성구 중심으로-

장은숙 ( Eun Sook Chang ) 충남대학교 교육연구소 2008 교육연구논총 Vol.29 No.1

2001년부터 정부가 조성정책을 추진하고 있는 평생학습도시는 시·군·구 등 기초지자체 단위의 주민 평생학습지원시스템이다. 지역사회내의 다양한 교육기관과 주민의 학습활동에 이용할 수 있는 다양한 인적 물적 자원을 활용하여 개인의 자아실현은 물론 지역사회의 경제적 정치적 발전을 도모하는 사업이다. 본 연구는 2000년 평생학습도시로 선정된 대전 유성구의 평생교육시설 가운데 세 개 평생교육기관을 선정하여 지역 평생교육기관의 문제점을 파악하고 평생학습도시로서 활성화 과제를 모색하였다. 연구대상이 된 시설은 충남대평생교육원, 유성문화원, 주민자치센터(진잠동, 신성동, 온천1동, 온천2동, 노은1동)이다. 연구결과 각 평생교육시설의 프로그램의 중복 및 전문영역 강좌의 부족으로 나타났으며, 거점센터의 부재, 기관간의 연계부족 등의 문제점이 나타났다. 지역사회 평생교육의 활성화 방안으로 평생학습에 대한 적극적인 홍보, 수요자 요구에 맞춘 프로그램 개발, 전문 인력확보, 거점센타 확보 및 홈페이지 구축, 평생교육기관 간 네트워크 구축의 필요성을 제안한다. The purpose of this study is to identify the current problems in community-based lifelong education and to propose tasks to solve them. A study of lifelong learning was conducted with chungnam university institude, Yuseung cultural center, community center in Yuseunggu Daejeon city. Conclusions of the study where founded through interview with officals at each institute, research on books and articles about lifelong education, and through an anlysis of each institutes lifelong learning program. The findings of this study were as follows: First, the institutes were providing similar educational programs and the programs tended to focus on the general education and hobby life. Secondly, there was no systematic co-ordination among the lifelong learning institutes. Thirdly, the institutes did not employ enough professionalized personnels. Based on these findings, some tasks were proposed. The first task proposed was for the lifelong learning institutes to promote lifelong learning to local residents. The second proposal was for the institutes to provide various educational programs. Thirdly, the lifelong learning institutes should establish a networking system.

Joan Miro의 초현실주의 회화 작품을 응용한 복식 디자인 연구

장은숙 ( Eun Sook Chang ),김정희 ( Jung Hee Kim ) 한국패션디자인학회 2002 한국패션디자인학회지 Vol.2 No.1

갑상선 질환들에서 여포세포의 HLA-DR발현

장은숙(Eun Sook Chang),손수상(Soo Sang Sohn),조승제(Seung Che Cho),김인호(In Ho Kim),김상표(Sang Pyo Kim),강중신(Joong Shin Kang) 대한두경부종양학회 1997 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Although normal thyroid epithelial cells do not constitutively express HLA-DR antigen, their expression in wide spread within thyroid glands obtained from the human with autoimmune thyroid disease and with many neoplastic thyroids. We have, therefore, studied immunohistochemically with regard to the expression of HLA-DR antigen of thyroidectomy specimens from 50 patients of various thyroid diseases with use of paraffin-embedded tissue. One or two sections from each case were stained with commercially available mouse monoclonal antibody for class II HLA-DR antigen(HLA-DR/Alpha, DAKO) and examined by semiquantitative counting system for thyrocytes, neoplastic thyrocytes and other cells expressing HLA-DR antigen. All patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis(2/2) and diffuse hyperplasia(Graves' disease)(5/5), most patients with Hashimoto's disease(9/ll) expressed HLA-DR antigens in thyrocyte with abundant HLA-DR expressing lymphocytic infiltrates with lymph follicle formation in its vicinity or adjacent to the lesion. Most patients with papillary carcinoma(9/1l) had HLA-DR antigen detected in malignant thyrocytes ; while follicular carcinoma(0/3) and follicular adenoma(0/5) did not have detactable HLA-DR immunoreactivity. Adenomatous goiter(3/7) had HLA-DR antigen detected focally in lesser than half cases. Conversely, in four papillary carcinomas and three adenomatous goiters, HLA-DR expression of thyrocytes was found in the absence of HLA-DR expressing lymphoid infiltrates. In such cases therefore other factors more than thyroid autoimmunity must be causative for HLA-DR immunoreactivity. The results of this study indicate as follows. 1) The expression of HLA-DR on thyrocytes involved in autoimmune reactions appeared to be secondary to cytokine release from associated lymphocytic infiltrates. 2) Thyrocytes in thyroid lesions with equal degrees of lymphocytic infiltration without HLA­DR expression exhibited no HLA-DR immunoreactivity. 3) In neoplastic thyrocytes, most papillary carcinoma(9/11) exhibited detactable HLA-DR expression, while follicular carcinoma/adenoma(0/3/0/5) exhibited no detactable HLA-DR immunoreactivity which suggest the existence of divergent mechanisms inducing and modulating HLA-DR expression of different types of neoplastic thyrocytes.

세침 흡인 생검에 의한 간암의 세포학적 진단

김기권,장은숙,Kim, Ki-Kwon,Chang, Eun-Sook 대한세포병리학회 1990 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.1 No.1

CT guided percutaneous fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the liver for both cytologic and histologic examination has great value in diagnosing liver malignancy. From March, 1986 to April, 1990, 62 patients with the clinical impression of liver malignancy underwent CT guided percutaneous FNA biopsy. Of these, 43 cases were reviewed for this study, 19 were reported to be liver cell carcinoma, 2 were adenocarcinoma, 11 were reported as anaplastic cell present, and the rest (11 cases) were negative (9) or necrotic (2). Among the 11 cases of the last group, 9 were diagnosed as liver cell carcinoma and 2 were necrotic histologically. Retrospective review, in order to clarify the cause of cytologic diagnostic error, of both cytologic and histologic slides of all cases showed discordance of 23% between these diagnoses and sensitivity is 93.9% and specificity is 90.9%. The reasons were as follows ; 1) the lack of awareness of tumor cells of well differentiated liver cell carcinoma (4 cases), 2) missed tumor cells due to too scanty cellularity (1 case), 3) improper smear (2 cases) and no tumor cell In the cytologic smears (3 cases). In such cases, at the initiation of FNA, a correct diagnosis of liver malignancy could only be made by a combination of cytologic and histologic examinations. However after three years' experience we can conclude that cytomorphologic features of liver cell carcinoma are sufficiently distinctive from other liver malignancies to be diagnostic.

종격동 내배엽동 종양의 세침흡인 세포학적 소견

조갑래,김상표,박관규,권건영,장은숙,Cho, Kam-Rae,Kim, Sang-Pyo,Park, Kwan-Kyu,Kwon, Kun-Young,Chang, Eun-Sook 대한세포병리학회 1993 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Endodermal sinus tumor of the mediastinum is a very rare malignant tumor, usually affecting young adolescents, and its histologic findings are characteristic as that of gonadal germ cell origin. We describe the cytologic finding of fine needle aspiration of mediastinal endodermal sinus tumor in a 19-year-old male patient, comparing with tissue section. The tumor cells in smears were usually in tight clusters with large overlapping cells, which were arranged in a papillary or microacinar pattern, suggesting carcinoma. The tumor cells were large, round or oval with a small amount of cytoplasm which was occasionally vacuolated and had indistinct border. The nuclei were large, pleomorphic, and vesicular with large prominent nucleoli. The tissue sections showed typical findings of endodermal sinus tumor. Careful correlation of cytological findings and the serum alpha -fetoprotein level would be helpful to confirm the diagnosis.

기관지 폐포 세정액에서 뉴우모시스티스 카리니의 면역세포화학적 검출

권건영,조승제,김상표,박관규,장은숙,김정숙,Kwon, Kun-Young,Cho, Seung-Che,Kim, Sang-Pyo,Park, Kwan-Kyu,Chang, Eun-Sook,Kim, Chung-Sook 대한세포병리학회 1997 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Pneumocystis carinli is an established cause of pulmonary infections in immuno-compromised hosts. Several cytoiogical stains, such as Papanicolaou, Gomori methenamine sliver(GMS) and Diff-Quik have been used for detection of the organism, but occasionally can be laborious and, due to a degree of nonspecificity, may be misleading. We evaluated the diagnostic utility of immunocytochenmical stains that recognize P. carinii in bornchoalveolar lavage from experimentally Induced P. carinii pneumonia rats(n=15). In audition to routine stains for diagnosis by morphologic recognition of P. carinii on Papanicolaou, GMS and Diff-Quik stains, bronchoalveolar lavage samples were reacted with immunocytochemical stains using monoclonal antibodies(MAB) 092 and 902. In bronchoalveolar lavage P. carinii organisms were detected In 9 of 10 cases(90%) using each MAB 092 and 902, whereas GMS and Diff-Quik stains demonstrated P. carinii in 13(86%) and 11(73%) of 15 cases respectively. In lung tissue specimens(n=15) P. carinii organisms were well identified on GMS stain and immunohistochemical stains using MAB 092 and 902 in ail cases. We believe that the immunocytochemical staining using MAB 092 and/or 902 is a very useful and diagnostic tool In addition to GMS and Diff-Qulk stain to detect P. carinii organisms in bronchoalveolar lavage.

기관지 폐포 세정액의 세포학적 소견

권건영,조승제,박관규,장은숙,Kwon, Kun-Young,Cho, Seung-Che,Park, Kwan-Kyu,Chang, Eun-Sook 대한세포병리학회 1990 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.1 No.2

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has emerged as a useful technique for the study of pulmonary interstitial disorders. Several types of Information are provided by the evaluation of lavage fluid identification of cellular constituents helps to separate inflammatory process. Recently we have studied cellular constituents of BAL from three cases with histologically confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Pulmonary sarcoidosis showed a marked increase in lymphocytes, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis revealed a predominance of neutrophils, and hypereosinophilic syndrome presented a marked increase in eosinophils in the lavage fluids.

Pneumocystis carinii 폐렴의 기관지 폐포세정액: 세포학적 및 전자현미경적 소견

권건영,윤철희,김상표,박관규,장은숙,Kwon, Kun-Young,Yun, Cheol-Hee,Kim, Sang-Pyo,Park, Kwan-Kyu,Chang, Eun-Sook 대한세포병리학회 1994 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.5 No.1

The cytological and ultrastructural findings of Pneumocystis carinii(PC) obtained from rats by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are described. All developmental forms of the PC organisms were obtained in the lavage fluid. Papanicolaou stain revealed conglomeration of PC as a foamy cast. The cystic walls of PC were well identified on Gomori's methenamine silver stain. Trophozoites and intracystic bodies were stained by Giemsa and Diff-Quik techniques. Some PC organisms were seen within the alveolar macrophages. Ultrastructurally, the cysts were almost circular in shape, and were nearly devoid of surface tubular extensions. The wall of the cyst was composed of an unit membrane, an intermediate electron lucent layer and an external electron dense layer The cysts frequently contained intracystic bodies, so called sporozoites. Occasionally empty or collapsed cysts with no intracystic bodies, and precysts were found. Trophozoites were variable in size and shape with abundant tubular extensions along the single electron dense pellicle. BAL is a useful method for concentrating the various morphologic forms of PC organisms, and is a rapid diagnostic method for PC pneumonia.

악성 체강삼출액의 세포학적 분석

김상표,배지연,박관규,권건영,이상숙,장은숙,김정숙,Kim, Sang-Pyo,Bae, Ji-Yeon,Park, Kwan-Kyu,Kwon, Kun-Young,Lee, Sang-Sook,Chang, Eun-Sook,Kim, Chung-Sook 대한세포병리학회 1995 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Eighty cases of malignant effusion were cytologically studied to elucidate the incidence of primary tumor site and cytologic characteristics of each tumor types. Eighty fluid specimens were composed of 43 ascitic, 35 pleural, and 2 pericardial effusion and primary tumor site had been confirmed by histology. The frequent primary sites were stomach(22 cases, 28%), lung(21 cases, 26%), ovary(11 cases, 14%), liver(7 cases, 9%), and breast (4 cases, 5%). The principal malignant tumors were adenocarcinoma (56 cases, 70%), squamous cell carcinoma (7 cases, 9%), liver cell carcinoma (7 cases, 9%), small cell carcinoma (4 cases, 5%), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (4 cases, 5%). The distinctive cytologic findings according to primary tumor types were as follows; the gastric adenocarcinomas were mainly characterized by isolated cells and irregular clusters sometimes with signet ring cells. Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary showed frequently papillary clusters and occasional psammoma bodies. Breast carcinoma of ductal type showed cell balls with smooth margins. Colonic adenocarcinoma showed rather irregular clusters or palisading pattern of cylindrical cells. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, liver cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and non-Hodgkln's lymphoma showed also characteristic features. These findings Indicate that the cytological features observed in the great majority of malignant effusion are similar to those of primary tumor types, which are very helpful to indentify the primary tumor site.

수중 생약이 간 효소활성에 미치는 영향

김태희(Tae Hee Kim),양기숙(Ki Sook Yang),장은숙(Eun Sook Chang),백성경(Sung Kyung Baik) 한국생약학회 1984 생약학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The methanol extracts of five medicinal plant materials selected were tested for antihepatotoxic activity. Protective effects on the liver defect caused by CCl₄ can be proved by liver enzyme activities of serum GOT, GPT, LDH and ALP. The curative effects of these materials against CCl₄-induced liver damage in albino rats were compared with those of control groups. It was shown that the extracts of Hepatica asiatica and Stellaria media showed antihepatotoxic effect on CCl₄-induced liver damage; however, the extract of Gleditschia officinalis had no effect.