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낙동강 수계 폐수배출업소를 대상으로 휘발성유기화합물질 배출실태 조사
이인정 ( In Jung Lee ),임태효 ( Tae Hyo Lim ),허성남 ( Seong Nam Heo ),이재관 ( Jaeg Wan Lee ),이용희 ( Yong Hee Lee ),이호열 ( Ho Yul Lee ),천세억 ( Se Uk Cheon ) 한국환경분석학회 2012 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.15 No.3
There are many industrial factories in the central Nakdong river basin and have been occurred water pollution accidents by hazardous chemicals such as phenol, 1,4-dioxane and perchlorate. In this study, seven volatile organic compounds, VOCs(1,3-butadiene, vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, epichlorohydrin, styrene, hexachloroethane, 1,4-dioxane) potentially discharged into the Nakdong river were determined by purge & trap and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Method detection limit(MDL) and limit of quantitation( LOQ) were in the range 0.14~0.38 μg/L and 0.44~1.22 μg/L, respectively. Six compounds(1,3-butadiene, vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, epichlorohydrin, styrene, 1,4-dioxane) were detected in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) and wastewater discharge facilities from the Nakdong River basin. 1,4-Dioxane was most frequently observed in WWTPs and wastewater discharge facilities.
낙동강 중권역 대표지점 및 공단 배출수에서의 준휘발성유기화합물 (페놀류 및 농약류) 분포특성 및 계절적 변동 평가
정희진 ( Hee Jin Jeong ),김언정 ( Un Jung Kim ),임태효 ( Tae Hyo Im ),임영경 ( Young Kyong Lim ),오정은 ( Jeong Eun Oh ) 한국환경분석학회 2013 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.16 No.4
To assess the levels and distribution patterns of semi-volatile organic pollutants comprising 6 phenols, 3 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 6 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) and 4 other pesticides (diuron, furfural, hexazinone, linuron), we analyzed river water samples collected from Nakdong river basin and effluent samples from five industrial wastewater treatment plants (IWTP). The concentration levels of 6 phenols, 3 OCPs, 6 OPPs and 4 other pesticides in the river waters ranged from not detected (ND)~450 ng/L, ND~25.8 ng/L, ND~19.2 ng/L and ND~20.7 ng/L, respectively and the levels of those target compounds in effluent were from ND~353 ng/L, ND~4.42 ng/L, ND~12.8 ng/L and ND~10.1 ng/L, respectively. Among 19 target compounds, four compounds (4-nitrophenol, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, demeton-O, diuron) showed statistically significant seasonal variations (p<0.001). Phenols were predominant in all samples and showed increasing tendency from upstream to downstream. Though no clear emission sources were identified due to the large variances of sources between sampling points but some relevant occurrence pattern was observed between IWTP effluent and surrounding areas, suggesting potential effect of IWTP on the close regional river basin.
김희영 ( Hee-young Kim ),정희진 ( Hee-jin Jung ),유재정 ( Jae-jung Yoo ),임태효 ( Tae-hyo Lim ),임영경 ( Young-kyong Lim ),오정은 ( Jeong-eun Oh ) 한국환경분석학회 2016 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.19 No.1
In this study, eight pesticides belonging to the groups of carbamates, phenoxy-acids, heterocyclics were analyzed to identify their concentrations and distribution patterns at various sampling locations (20 sites) in the Nakdong River basin during various sampling periods (May, July, September, and November 2012). Among the eight pesticides, carbofuran showed the highest mean concentration (0.0335 μg/L), followed by methomyl (0.0138 μg/L) and quinoline (0.0070 μg/L), while aldicarb and molinate were observed below the method detection limit (MDL). Quinoline was the most frequently detected pesticide with a detection frequency of 85- 100% in all the sampling periods. The concentration levels and the detection frequencies of the pesticides seemed to be related with the pesticides’ shipment/production. Among the four sampling periods, September showed the highest mean and median concentrations, although the differences were not statistically significant. The concentration levels were higher in the midstream area than the up and downstream areas of the Nakdong River, because a number of potential contamination pathways such as wastewater treatment plants, industrial facilities and agricultural fields were located in this zone. All these non-cancer-causing pesticides, except quinolone, showed no risk value (risk assessment value < 1). This study could be used as basic data for risk assessment and analysis procedures for quality assurance and quality control of pesticides in Korea.
허성남 ( Seong Nam Heo ),이인정 ( In Jung Lee ),임태효 ( Tae Hyo Lim ),임영경 ( Young Kyong Lim ),천세억 ( Se Uk Cheon ),이재관 ( Jae Gwan Lee ) 한국환경분석학회 2012 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.15 No.3
In this study, fifteen volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed by purge & trap (P&T) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS). Method detection limit (MDL) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined in the range of 0.0041~0.5241 μg/L and 0.0123~1.6692 μg/L, respectively. Accuracy and precision were controlled in the range of 78.29~124.57% and 2.95~23.41%, approximately. Five compounds (bromodichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tribromomethane, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, dibromochloromethane) were detected in stream waters and five compounds (cis-1,2-dichloroethene, acrylonitrile, 1,2- dichloroethane, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane) were detected in 5 discharge points of industrial complex located in the Nakdong river basin. Risk assessments were performed for all of the detected compounds. It was less than the EPA criteria and criteria estimated in 33 representative points. 1,2-Dichloroethane and acrylonitrile detected in discharge points of 5 industrial complex were more than the EPA criteria.