치주질환으로 인해 유발된 하악의 만성 화농성 골수염의 치험 일례

임요한,표성운,한은영,Lim, Yo-Han,Pyo, Sung-Woon,Han, Eun-Young 대한치주과학회 2002 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.32 No.4

Osteomyelitis is an exhaustive disease whose main feature is an inflammation of inner part of bone, bone marrow. In oral and maxillofacial area, we have maxillary and mandibular osteomyelitis and the latter is dominant because of its impaired blood supply. The main cause of osteomyelitis is a bacterial infection and the ways of infections are by periapical odontogenic infection, fracture, post-operative complication, and periodontal disease. The predominant etiologic factor is periapical odontogenic infection mostly caused by advanced dental caries. It is generally believed that periodontal disease could be a cause of osteomyelitis. But periodontal disease is usually confined to the alveolar bone area and not extends to the underlying bone marrow. Accordingly periodontal infection per se rarely cause produce oseomyelitis. Even though osteomyeltis could be occurred by periodontal disease, its virulence of infection is milder than periapical odontogenic infection. So it usually provokes sclerosing or hyperplastic osteomyelitis rather than suppurative type. We had a case of suppurative osteomyelitis caused by periodontal disease and treated it with periodontal and oral and maxillofacial surgical method.

Mulit Element를 이용한 PIFA 구조의 Intenna에 관한 연구

임요한,장기훈,윤영중,김용진,김영일,윤익재,Lim, Yo-Han,Chang, Ki-Hun,Yoon, Young-Joong,Kim, Yong-Jin,Kim, Young-Eil,Yoon, Ick-Jae 한국전자파학회 2007 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.18 No.7

본 논문에서는 휴대폰용 내장형 PIFA 형태를 바탕으로 안테나 면을 4개의 element로 나눔으로써 넓은 대역폭과 향상된 이득 특성을 갖는 multi element 안테나를 제안하였으며, CDMA 대역인 $824{\sim}896MHz$와 RFID 대역인 $908.5{\sim}914MHz$를 동시에 만족하도록 설계하였다. 제안된 안테나의 크기는 $35{\times}15{\times}5mm^3$로 S사 A 모델의 케이스를 바탕으로 설계되었으며, 각 element를 안테나 안쪽으로 접어 넣음으로써 안테나의 소형화를 이루었다. 안테나의 광대역 및 향상된 이득 특성을 얻기 위해 안테나의 면을 4개의 element로 나누었다. 그 결과 전류의 패스가 길어지고 나뉘어짐에 따라, 안테나의 중심 주파수가 낮아지고 대역폭이 넓어지는 특성을 보였다. 또한, 안테나를 여러 개의 element로 나눔으로써 좀 더 고른 전류 분포를 갖게 되어 안테나의 효율이 향상되고 이득 값이 향상되는 특성을 가질 수 있었다. 좀 더 고른 전류 분포를 유도하여 안테나의 효율을 향상시키기 위해 전류가 각 element로 직접 전달되도록 급전 점에 변화를 주었다. 그 결과, 안테나의 이득 값이 더욱 향상되었으며, 급전 구조에 변화를 주면서 element를 4개로 설계하여 그 특성을 고찰한 결과, 가장 높은 이득 값을 보임을 확인하였다. 안테나의 이득 값을 유지한 상태로 소형화하기 위해 전류 방향을 고려하여 안테나의 각 element를 안테나의 앞면은 아래쪽으로 양 옆면은 안테나의 안쪽으로 접어 넣었다. 또한, 급전 위치를 조절하여 안테나의 공진 길이를 늘리기 위해 급전 점의 위치를 접지면의 윗부분에 배치하였다. 케이스를 고려하지 않은 상태로 원하는 안테나 특성을 얻었다고 하더라도, 케이스에 부착되면 주파수가 이동되고 원하는 주파수 대역에서 안테나 이득 값이 저하되기 때문에 휴대폰 케이스에 부착 시 $150{\sim}200MHz$의 주파수 이동이 발생함을 확인한 후에 1.08 GHz에 공진 주파수가 나타나도록 설계하였으며, 공진 주파수에서의 측정된 최대 이득 값은 3.1 dBi를 나타내었다. 케이스를 고려하여 측정한 경우, VSWR<2 기준 임피던스 대역폭은 $0.824{\sim}0.936GHz$로 110 MHz의 대역폭을 갖고 CDMA 대역과 RFID 대역을 동시에 만족할 수 있음을 나타내었다. 측정된 이득 값은 최소 -3.4 dBi에서 최대 -0.5 dBi를 나타내었고, 무지향성 패턴을 보임을 확인하였다. In this thesis, the Multi element antenna with wideband and enhanced gain characteristic is proposed to operate at both frequency range from 824 MHz to 896 11Hz for the CDMA and frequency range from 908.5 MHz to 914 MHz for the RFID band. The proposed antenna has tile size of $35{\times}15{\times}5mm^3$ in order to put it in the A model of S company and each element of the proposed antenna is folded to obtain the minimum size. To obtain the antenna with wideband and high gain characteristic, the radiator of the antenna is divided into 4 elements. As a result, bandwidth of the proposed antenna become broader and lower center frequency is appeared due to increased and lengthened current path. Moreover, the enhanced gain characteristic is verified because divided element structure that induct uniform current distribution can get increased antenna efficiency. To attain more uniform current distribution, modified structure of the feeding point that can deliver currents directly is designed. The antenna that alters the feeding structure has higher gain value. Each element is folded to increase the current paths considering the current directions to attain the miniaturization of the antenna. To measure the handset antenna, the handset case must be considered. Even though antenna is designed for predicted characteristic, the resonance frequency is shifted and antenna gain is deteriorated at predicted frequency while antenna is set in the handset case. 1.08 GHz of the resonant frequency is determined after frequency shift from 150 MHz to 200 MHz is confirmed and the maximum gain is measured as 3.1 dBi while antenna is not set in the handset. In case handset case is considered, the experimental results show that the impedance bandwidth for VSWR<2 is from 0.824 GHz to 0.936 GHz(110 MHz). This result appears that the proposed antenna can cover both CDMA and RFID band at once. The measured gain is from -3.4 dBi to -0.5 dBi and it has omni-directional pattern practically.

가토에서 자가이개연골을 이용한 관절원판의 대체에 관한 실험적 연구

임요한(Yo Han Lim),김종원(Jong Won Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 1994 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

With the object of studying the need of disc replacement after meniscectomy and the biocompatibility of the autogenous auricular cartilage as a disc replacement histologically, the author made this research. The experimental materials were 17 male rabbits aging 10weeks and weighing 1.5kg. The control group was not surgically treated and the experimental groups were surgically treated. -meniscectomy only on the left TMJ, and autogenous auricular cartilage graft as a disc replacement after meniscectomy on the right TMJ. The experimental groups were devided into 4 groups and each group was consisted of 4 rabbits. Each group was sacrificed after 2weeks, 4weeks, 12weeks, 24weeks after surgery. The temporomandibular joints and their surrounding tissues were obtained to microscopic specimens stained with Hematoxylin- Eosin method. The specimens were examined under light microscope. The results were as follows; 1. The sites which were menisectomized only. Osteoarthrosis that is to say decreased cellular components and cartilaginous layer with bony erosion was seen on the functional portion(loaded portion). Remodeling with cartilaginous proliferation was seen on the nonfunctional portion(unloaded portion). On the whole osteoarthorosis and remodeling with deformation was seen. 2. The sites which menisectomy and auricular cartilage graft was done. Slight cartilaginous layer atrophy and bone resorption were seen but maintained relatively normal temporomandibular joint form. The grafted auricular cartilages were considerably displaced but they were viable and there were no adhesions or other specific abnormalities. But the uncovered portion showed partial erosion. 3. The author concluded that replacing after menisectomy was more effective and autogenous aruicular cartilage was useful for that purpose. And fixing firmly not to displace was very important for good results.

가상공간 생성을 위한 라이다와 스테레오 카메라 기반 포인트 클라우드 생성 방안

임요한(Yo Han Lim),정인혁(In Hyeok Jeong),이산성(San Sung Lee),황성수(Sung Soo Hwang) 한국멀티미디어학회 2021 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.24 No.11

CDMA대역용 휴대폰 PIFA내장형 안테나 급전위치에 따른 Hand Effect의 특성 변화 연구

임요한(Yo Han Lim),장기훈(Kihun Chang),윤영중(Young Joong Yoon),김용진(Yongjin Kim) 한국통신학회 2006 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

하악신경 절삭이 삼차신경절 신경세포와 연수후각 소교세포 활성화에 미치는 영향

임요한(Yo-Han Lim),최목균(Mok-Kyun Choie) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2007 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.33 No.3

Microglial cell activation is known to contribute to neuropathic pain following spinal sensory nerve injuries. In this study, I investigated its mechanisms in the case of trigeminal sensory nerve injuries by which microglial cell and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activation in the medullary dorsal horn (MDH) would contribute to the facial pain hypersensitivity following mandibular nerve transection (MNT). And also investigated the changes of trigeminal ganglion neurons and ERK, p38 MAPK manifestations. Activation of microglial cells was monitored at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 day using immunohistochemical analyses. Microglial cell activation was primarily observed in the superficial laminae of the MDH. Microglial cell activation was initiated at postoperative 1 day, maximal at 3 day, maintained until 14 day and gradually reduced and returned to the basal level by 60 days after MNT. Pain hypersensitivity was also initiated and attenuated almost in parallel with microglial cell activation pattern. To investigate the contribution of the microglial cell activation to the pain hypersensitivity, minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial cell activation by means of p38 MAPK inhibition, was administered. Minocycline dose-dependently attenuated the development of the pain hypersensitivity in parallel with inhibition of microglial cell and p38 MAPK activation following MNT. Mandibular nerve transection induced the activation of ERK, but did not p38 MAPK in the trigeminal ganglion. These results suggest that microglial cell activation in the MDH and p38 MAPK activation in the hyperactive microglial cells play an important role in the development of facial neuropathic pain following MNT. The results also suggest that ERK activation in the trigeminal ganglion contributes microglial cell activation and facial neuropathic pain.

출구조사를 이용한 제21대 국회의원 선거 의석 수 예측결과 분석

천승호 ( Seung-ho Cheon ),임요한 ( Yo-han Lim ),박민규 ( Min-gue Park ) 한국조사연구학회 2021 조사연구 Vol.22 No.1

2020년 4월에 실시한 제21대 국회의원 선거에서 출구조사 결과를 이용한 각 정당의 의석 수 예측은 크게 빗나갔다. 본 연구에서는 출구조사를 이용한 의석 수 예측의 문제점을 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 제21대 국회의원 선거결과를 다양한 관점에서 분석하였고, 최근 3번의 국회의원 선거양상의 변화를 통해 21대 총선과 이전 국회의원 선거의 차이와 공통점을 살펴보았다. 제21대 국회의원 선거는 사전투표제도가 도입된 이후 시행된 선거 중에서 가장 사전투표율이 높은 선거였고, 결과적으로 높은 사전투표의 비중으로 인해 출구조사 결과만을 이용한 예측에 체계적인 편향이 발생하게 되었다. 즉, 제21대 국회의원 선거의 출구조사는 실제 투표자 전체에 대한 대표성을 갖추지 못한 일종의 추출틀 오차로 인해 예측에 체계적인 오류가 발생한 것으로 확인하였다. In the 21st general election held in April 2020, predictions of the number of seats based on exit polls is not successful. In this study, we investigated the problems in predicting the number of party seats using exit polls. To this end, we analyzed the results of the 21st general election in various perspectives and examined the differences between the 21st general election and the previous general elections. In the 21st general election, early voting rate was highest since it has been introduced, and a significant bias is introduced because only exit polls results were used for prediction. That is, there was a frame error that fails to cover the entire voter.

2020년 장애인 경제활동 실태조사 표본설계 사례연구

박민규(Mingue Park),김태영(Taeyoung Kim),임요한(Yo-Han Lim) 한국자료분석학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.23 No.4

표본조사 분야에서 효율적인 표본설계와 추정을 위한 보조정보의 수집 및 활용은 필수적이다. 일반적으로 추출틀에 포함된 보조정보는 구체적이며, 따라서, 표본설계를 위하여 사용되고, 국내 거주 인구 규모나 가구 규모와 같은 모집단의 특성을 나타내는 보조정보는 추정량의 효율성을 높이기 위하여 흔히 사용된다. 이상추출법은 이러한 보조정보가 존재하지 않을 경우에 사용할 수 있는 매우 효과적인 표본설계 방안으로, 일상에서는 대규모의 표본을 추출하여 보조정보를 수집하고, 이상에서는 수집된 보조정보를 활용하여 상대적으로 적은 규모의 표본을 추출하여 추정을 수행하는 통계적인 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 이상추출법을 활용하여 주어진 현실적인 제약하에서 최적의 표본을 추출하는 사례를 소개하였다. 전국에 흩어져 있는 장애인 모집단으로부터 효율적이며 수행 가능한 조사를 위한 표본을 추출하기 위하여 일상에서는 읍면동을, 그리고 이상에서는 장애인을 추출하는 방안이 고려되었다. 이를 위해 장애인 추출틀로부터 계산된 층화 및 표본 배분 방안이 일상에서 읍면동 추출을 위한 표본설계에 활용되는 방안이 제안되었었다. 본 사례 연구는 보조정보 수집이라는 전통적인 이상추출법의 사용 목적 이외에도 다양한 목적으로 이상추출법이 활용될 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. In survey sampling, auxiliary information is often used to select a representative sample and to define an efficient estimator. In general, the information given in sampling frame is used to select a sample but population summaries such as the size of population residents or households are used to define an estimator. Two-phase sampling is an applicable sampling design when useful auxiliary information is absent. To select a two-phase sample, a large scale sample is selected in the first phase, and auxiliary information is obtained. In the second phase, a relatively small sample is selected using the information obtained in the first phase. We propose an example in which an optimal sample is selected using a two-phase sampling design under the practical restriction. Two-phase sampling, for which a sample of up·myun·dong is selected in the first phase and a sample of disabled people is selected in the second phase, is considered to execute an efficient survey in person for disabled people reside over nationwide. To achieve this purpose, a method to get the necessary up·myun·dong sample size and allocation method from the distribution of disabled population is introduced. The example considered in this case study shows a possible extension of the use of a two-phase sampling design.

반도체 전용기용 컨트롤러의 구조 안정화 설계

노승훈(Seung-Hoon Ro),손재율(Jae-Yul Shon),임요한(Yo-Han Lim),이재열(Jae-Yul Lee) 한국산업융합학회 2009 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.1

The manufacturing process of the semiconductor is guided by the controller, which is supposed to sense the unexpected shocks and/or vibrations to shutdown the hard disk and the whole system in order to prevent the malfunction. This feature of controller would shutdown the system due to the instability of the controller itself as well as the instability of the manufacturing system. And consequently will cause significant losses. In this study the structure of a controller has been investigated to find ways to suppress the vibrations from the structure. The frequency response test and the computer simulation has been implemented to find the structure with improved stability. The result of the study shows that the relatively simple design alterations can eliminate most of the vibrations.

가공정도 향상을 위한 평면 연삭기의 설계 개선

손재율(Jae-Yul Shon),노승훈(Seung-Hoon Ro),임요한(Yo-Han Lim),이종형(Jong-Hyung Lee),이재열(Jae-Yul Lee),송은석(Eun-Seok Song),이태훈(Tae-Hoon Lee) 한국산업융합학회 2009 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.2

Among a few items with world wide competitiveness are the semiconductor and the LCD. Grinding/polishing is the most significant process in manufacturing semiconductor wafers and LCD panels, the most critical quality of which is the precision rate of the machined surfaces. It is well known that the control of the vibrations is the major factor in maintaining superb machined surfaces. In this paper the dynamic properties of a grinding machine have been investigated through the frequency analysis test and the computer simulation to deduce ideas of design modifications for improved stability. The alterations have been applied to the simulation model, which is supposed to have identical dynamic property with the original structure, to identify the effects and to finally achieve the satisfactory level of stability. The result shows that the machine can have much improved stability with relatively simple design changes, and also can improve the surface quality of the products.