태권도 경기 기술유형에 관한 연구

임신자(Im Shin-Ja),최천(Chuoy Chun) 한국체육과학회 2006 한국체육과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this study was to analyze and patternize Taekwondo competitional spaning techniques by in-depth qualitative research. Research methods employed to analyze the collected data were open coding by Strauss & Corbin(1988). The results could be summarized as follows. First, 28 concepts, 15 sub-categories and 5 main categories were derived from open coding. Causal condition was 'artifice action' and main phenomenon was 'offence and defence' by paradigm model of axis coding. The results of facing with main phenomenon was 'correspondent techniques' and concluded that inter-relationship condition and arbitration condition effected the results of 'situational factor' and 'psychological factor'. 5 related-hypotheses were set up by selected coding and these hypotheses generalized the model and knowledge of Taekwondo competitional sparring techniques. Second, the pattern of Taekwondo competitional sparring techniques in competition were divided into 'observational strategy' and 'observational clue'. Step & motion of artifice action were 'observational strategy' and standing position & distance control were 'observational clue'. These various skills in competition decided attack kicking or counterattack kicking by personal preference, unpredictable competition-situation, expert knowledge and fix the complex and systematic tactics of competition. Third, by these complex and systematic tactics, the multiple strategies for the opponent players were set up and these strategies finally led to a new skill and strategy of Taekwondo competitional sparring techniques. A new model of Taekwondo competitional spaning techniques was developed by these multi-related process. The findings of this study showed that development of pattern and model for Taekwondo competitional spaning techniques was the cornerstone of understanding fundamental Taekwondo competitional spaning techniques and a help of a foundation of Taekwondo studies. A fair decision also could be expected by this newly-development model for Taekwondo cornpetitional spaning techniques.

국내·외 시험불안 연구의 메타분석

임신일(Shin Il Im),박병기(Byung Gee Bak) 한국교육심리학회 2013 敎育心理硏究 Vol.27 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 최근까지 국내·외에서 다뤄온 시험불안과 관련 있는 변인들의 관계와 시험붙안 감소 프로그램들의 효과를 분석하고 종합하는 것이다. 이를 위해 19개국에서 그동안 실시된 시험불 안 연구를 수집하였다. 시험불안과 관련된 변인의 관계를 분석하기 위해 총 348편의 논문에서 3293 개의 상관 효과크기를 추출하였고, 시험불안 감소 프로그램의 효과를 분석하기 위하여 총 115편의 논문에서 340개의 평균 효과크기를 추출하였다. 자료의 코딩 및 분석은 CMA 2를 활용하였다. 시험 불안 관련변인의 범주는 인지적 요인, 정의적 요인, 환경적 요인으로 분류 하였다. 분류된 변인들의 시험을안과의 직접적 상관 효과크기 뿐 아니라, 조절변수(하위 요인별, 성별, 학교 급별, 국내·외)별 로 시험불안과의 상관 효과크기 및 조절효과를 산출 비교 분석한 결과를 제시하였다. 시험불안 감 소 프로그램은 지역(국내·외) 성별, 학교 급별(초, 중, 고, 대), 구성 특성별(참여인원, 처치기간,처치회기, 주당처치회기, 회기시간), 내용별(인지중심, 행동중심,인지-행동중심, 학습기술, 인지행동-학습기술, 마음: 명상 등, 기타접근, 응악치료, 놀이치료 통찰치료)로 평균 효과크기 및 조절효과를 산출 비교 분석하였다. 이 연구는 최근까지 국내·외 시험불안 연구를 종합적으로 수집하여 시험불안과 여러 다른 변인들의 관계성을 다양하게 분석하고 시험불안으로 인해 어려움을 경험하는 학생들에게 가장 최선의 시험불안 감소 프로그램을 제공할 수 있도록 도웅을 제공하는 학문과 실천의 통합적 접근이라는 점에 큰 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to analyze and synthesize the relations between rest anxiety and related variables which have been dealt with, up until recently. at a domestic and international level, as well as the effects of Test Anxiety Decreasing Programs, To achieve this purpose, this study collected research based on test anxiety which had been carded out in 19 countries. In order to analyze the relations berween test anxiety and related variables, 3,293 correlation effect sizes were sampled from a total of 348 theses. To analyze the effects of Test Anxiety Decreasing Programs, 340 mean effect sizes were sampled from a total of Il5 theses. For the coding and analysis of such data, this study utilized CMA 2. Categories of variables that are related to test anxiety were classified as cognitive factors, affective factors, and environmental factors. The direct correlation effect sizes of the classified factors and test anxiety, as well as correlation effect size and the moderating effect of test anxiety that depends on each control variables (sub-factors, gender, school level, domestic and international) have been analyzed and presented. The average effect sizes and the moderating effect; of Test Anxiety Decreasing Programs were sampled, compared and analyzed on several levels: region(domestic and international), gender, school level (elementary, middle, high, university), constituent of program (number of participants, treatment period, treatment sessions, treatment sessions per week, session time), and content-specific (cognitive centered, behavior centered. cognitive- behavior centered, learning skills, cognitive behavioral and learning skills, mind such as meditating, and other approaches, music, play therapy, insight therapy). This study is meaningful as it synthetically collects studies on test anxiety. locally and abroad, which allows for a diverse analysis of the relations between test anxiety and several other variables. It is also significant as it is an integrated approach of theories and practices that can help to provide the best Test Anxiety Decreasing Programs to students who have difficulties with rest anxieties.

부유게이트를 이용한 코어스 플레쉬 변환기 설계

채용웅,임신일,이봉환,Chae, Yong-Ung,Im, Sin-Il,Lee, Bong-Hwan 대한전자공학회 2001 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.38 No.5

8개의 N과 P채널 EEPROM을 이용하여 A/D 변환기를 설계하였다. 프로그래밍 모드에서 EEPROM의 선형적 저장능력을 관찰하기 위해 MOSIS의 1.2㎛ double-poly CMOS 공정을 이용하여 셀이 제작되었다. 그 결과 1.25V와 2V구간에서 10㎷ 미만의 오차 내에서 셀이 선형적으로 프로그램 되는 것을 보았다. 이러한 실험 결과를 이용하여 프로그램 가능한 A/D 변환기의 동작이 Hspice에서 시뮤레이션 되었으며, 그 결과 A/D 변환기가 37㎼의 전력을 소모하고 동작주파수는 333㎒ 정도인 것으로 관찰되었다. A programmable A/D converter is designed with 8 N and P channel MOSFETs, respectively. In order to observe linear programmability of the EEPROM device during programming mode, a cell is developed with a 1.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ double poly CMOS fabrication process in MOSIS. It is observed that the high resolution, of say 10m Volt, is valid in the range 1.25volts to 2volts. The experimental result is used for simulating the programmable 8 bit A/D converter with Hspice. The A/D converter is demonstrated to consume low power, 37㎽ by utilizing a programming operation. In addition, the converter is attained at the conversion frequency of 333 MHz.

간호학생의 죽음에 대한 주관성 연구

김명애(Kim Myung Ae),임신화(Im Sin Hwa) 계명대학교 간호과학연구소 2002 계명간호과학 Vol.6 No.1

The main purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics and attitudinal types toward death among nursing students. Death is an extremely subjective and unique experience. So it is very important to try to understand the subjectivity of death. In this respect, Q-methodology, which explains and shows the respondent's subjectivity by objectifying his subjectivity, is employed to find the solution to the questions in this study. Sampling process consisted of P-sampling and Q-sampling. The P-sample were selected 27 nursing students of K nursing college in convenience collecting way. Forty Q statements were sorted according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sorts by each subject were coded and analysed with the QUANAL PC program. As a result, five major types could be extracted. Type 1 'the life-revered' think the life is to be dignified most of all. Type 2 'the fate-recipient' attribute all the human events to the destiny. Type 3 'the death-preparation' hope to discuss the problem of death frankly with a positive attitude toward facing death. Type 4 'the nihilists' believe in the future existence, but soak into the idea that the life is meaningless. Type 5 'the reality-oriented' do not believe in the future life and concentrate in life itself rather than thinking about death. This study discovered five topes of subjectivity of nursing students concerning death. By identifying the nature of the five types, this study suggests efficient strategies for developing educational programs in the nursing curriculum and educational programs should be employed.

기업제품별 광고모델 유형에 따른 소비자 태도

최천(Choi Chun),임신자(Im Shin-Ja) 한국체육과학회 2006 한국체육과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference of consumer attitude on advertisement model types. In order to achieve this purpose, adults of 130 above 20 years were selected as subjects from the seoul area by using the stratified sampling method. Out of questionnaires responded to only 122 were used for data analysis because 8 were responded to incompletely or incorrectly. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaires in which consumer attitude consisted of items identified by Jin(2000), respectively. The statistical methods utilized in the study for analyzing the collected data were descriptive statistics, and t-test and the following results were obtained: First, customer attitude(qualification, speciality, and purchase intentions) in the beauty product differ statistically and significantly according to the types of advertisement model(a popularity talent more then sport star). Second, consumer attitude/speciality) in the cell phone differ statistically and significantly according to the types of advertisement model(a popularity talent more then sport star). Third, consumer attitude in the credit card (fascination, trust, qualification, speciality, and purchase intention) differ statistically and significantly according to the types of advertisement model(a popularity talent more then sport star).

시험불안 관련변인의 메타분석

박병기(Byung Gee Bak),임신일(Shin Il Im) 한국교육심리학회 2010 敎育心理硏究 Vol.24 No.4

시험불안은 학업성취에 직·간접적 영향을 줄 뿐 아니라 동기, 정서, 성격, 사회성 등과 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 국내 시험불안 연구를 관련 변인과의 관계성을 중심으로 분석하고 종합하는 것이다. 이 연구의 분석대상 논문은 195편이었는데, 이들 논문에서 1,538개의 상관효과 크기를 산출하였다. 자료의 코딩과 분석은 CMA 2를 활용하였다. 시험불안 관련변인의 범주는 Zeidner (1998)의 분류체계를 참고하여 학업성취?지능(과목별 학업성취, 지능), 정서(불안, 우울, 부적 정신건강), 동기·신념(귀인, 자기개념, 자아탄력성, 자존감, 비합리적 신념, 성취목표, 학습동기, 자기조절, 자기효능감, 학업적 자기효능감), 부모(성취압력, 애착, 학습관여, 부모학력, 관심, 경제력, 양육태도), 사회성·성격(자기애, 완벽주의, 대처방안, 지지, 강박, 인정욕구, 부끄러움, 교사관계, 학교적응, 학교 생활태도, 기대, 학업스트레스, 일탈, 학습태도) 등 5개 영역으로 구성하였다. 다섯 영역에서 시험불안과 관련된 변인들의 관계성을 상관효과크기와 조절효과를 중심으로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 시험불안은 학업성취?지능영역의 관련 변인과는 대체로 낮은 수준의 관계를 맺고 있었다. 정서영역의 관련 변인과는 중간 수준 이상의 관계를 맺고 있었는데, 특질불안 및 우울과의 관계성이 주목할 만하였다. 동기·신념영역의 관련 변인 중에서 주목할 만한 것은 내적귀인 내적동기, 자기조절 등과의 낮은 관계, 학업적 대 일반적 자기효능감과의 상이한 관계 양상이었다. 부모영역의 관련 변인은 시험불안과 대체로 낮은 관계성을 보였으나, 부모양육태도의 종류에 따라 관계 양상이 대조되는 것은 흥미로웠다. 사회성·성격영역에서 가장 두드러진 것은 시험불안과 사회적지지의 매우 높은 관계성이었다. 14개 하위영역의 관련 변인과 시험불안의 관계성은 일률적이지 않았다. 이 연구의 의의와 결과에 대한 시사점이 논의되었다. Test anxiety is believed to influence on students` academic achievement, directly as well as indirectly. Test anxiety also is believed to have a close The purpose of this study was to synthesize the relationship between test anxiety and related variables. For this study, 1538 correlation effect size from 195 studies were analyzed by CMA(Comprehensive Meta Analysis V2) Program. Related variables were categorized into one of five subsets of academic achievement·intelligence, emotion, motivation·belief, parent, and sociality·personality. The relationship was analyzed by corelation effect size and moderators. Meta-analysis reveals following results. First, test anxiety has a weak (linear) relationship with academic achievement and intelligence. Second, test anxiety has a medium level of relationship with emotion. Third, against to the theoretical anticipation, test anxiety has a low level of relationship with internal attribution, intrinsic motivation, and self-regulation. Fourth, test anxiety has a weak relationship with parent-related variables. Finally, among many sociality? personality relationships with test anxiety, social support has the highest one. Significance and implications of this research were discussed.

시험불안의 재개념화에 의한 척도개발 및 요인구조 탐색

박병기(Byung Gee Bak),임신일(Shin Il Im),김어진(Eo Jin Kim) 한국교육심리학회 2008 敎育心理硏究 Vol.22 No.1

고등학생 수학불안 척도의 개발 및 타당화 연구

김명숙(Myoung Sook Kim),임신일(Shin Il Im),김세영(Sea Young Kim) 한국교육심리학회 2011 敎育心理硏究 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 수학에 대한 학습-평가 차원과 정동-인지 차원이 교차하는 2×2 연구모형에 기초하여 수학불안 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 각 하위요인별 문항을 제작하고 전라도와 경기도지역에 소재한 7개 일반계고등학교의 학생 510명을 대상으로 하여 자료를 수집하고, 문항 내적 일관성과 각 요인별 일차원성을 살펴본 후, 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 통하여 척도의 양호도를 측정하였다. 확인적 요인분석 단계에서는 본 연구에서 제안된 연구모형을 논리적으로 성립 가능한 경쟁모형들과 비교하였으며, 다차원 척도법을 사용하여 제안된 요인구조를 공간적으로 시각화하였다. 또한, 척도의 준거타당도를 확인하기위해 수학불안과 관련된 실패에 대한 두려움간의 상관관계를 살펴보았으며, 수학불안의 하위요인들이 수학성취와 어떤 관련성이 있는지 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 본 연구에서 개발하고 타당화한 2×2의 수학불안척도는 신뢰도와 타당도 면에서 양호하며, 이론적으로 가능한 대안적 모형들보다 선호되는 적합한 모형인 것으로 확인되었다. 최근수학성취는 학습정동 불안과는 약한 부적관계를, 평가정동 불안과는 약한 정적관계를 보였으며, 실패에 대한 두려움은 수학불안의 각 하위요인과 모두 정적인 상관을 보였다. 연구의 결과가 함의하는 시사점과 후속 연구를 위한 제안점등을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a mathematics anxiety scale for high school students based on the 2(learning vs. evaluation)×2(cognitive vs. affective) dimensions of mathematics anxiety. The sample consisted of 510 students in 7 high schools. A total of 28 items were developed and examined for the internal consistency, uni-dimensionality of each factor, and four-factor structure of the scale. Next, a series of confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to confirm the 2×2 model, and to compare the proposed factor model with other alternative models. Finally, multidimensional scaling was used to visualize dissimilarities between factors on a 2-dimensional space. The results showed that the proposed 2×2 model was appropriate to represent the mathematics anxiety structure of the high school students, and that the 2×2 model was preferred over the other alternative models. In order to examine the criterion-related validity, the proposed 2×2 mathematics anxiety scale was correlated with fear of failure. In addition, the relationship between mathematics anxiety and prior achievement on mathematics was explored. Results showed that the affective-learning factor was negatively related to mathematics achievement while the affective-evaluation factor was positively related to math achievement. The correlations between all factors of mathematics anxiety and fear of failure were significant. Theoretical and practical implications for developing a valid mathematics anxiety scale were discussed with some limitations of the current study.

아동이 지각한 부모 양육행동과 창의적 인성에서 교사애착의 매개효과

김은영 ( Kim Eun Young ),임신일 ( Im Shin Il ) 한국아동교육학회 2016 아동교육 Vol.25 No.3

본 연구는 아동의 창의적 인성과 관련된 가정과 학교 변인에 대한 탐색을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 아동의 창의적 인성과 관련될 것으로 예측되는 부모의 양육행동, 교사애착 등을 변인으로 설정하고, 각 변인들의 구조적 관계와 매개효과를 밝히고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상은 전라북도 J, G, I 지역에 소재한 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 학생 438명이다. 검사도구는 아동이 지각하는 부모의 양육행동, 교사애착, 창의적 인성 검사를 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모의 양육행동은 교사애착과 창의적 인성 모두에 통계적으로 유의한 정적 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.둘째, 교사애착은 부모의 양육행동과 아동의 창의적 인성 관계를 부분적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 아동의 창의적 인성에 영향을 미치는 부모, 교사 변인을 종합적으로 이해하고, 교사애착의 교육적 함의를 논의하였다. The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship among parenting behavior, teacher attachment and creative personality of elementary school students. The research first established relevant factors that are hypothesized to affect creative personality and then analyzed them to derive structural relationship among them and how they affect one another. The research was based on the sample of 438 elementary school students in Jeollabukdo. KEDI creative personality test, parenting behavior test and teacher attachment test were applied to 438 elementary students. The research result is as follows. First, it was concluded that a partial mediation model where teacher attachment shows mediation effect in relationship between parenting behavior and academic achievement proved to be appropriate. Second, parenting behavior has statistically significant positive effect on teacher attachment and creative personality. Based on the result, the paper discussed suggestions from the perspective of educational psychology creative personality and further study.

학습자가 지각한 교사애착관계와 학업성취의 종단적 관계 : 창의적 성격의 매개효과를 중심으로

권유선(Kwon, You Sun),임신일(Im, Shin Il) 한국창의력교육학회 2022 창의력교육연구 Vol.22 No.1

이 연구는 교사애착관계가 창의적 성격을 매개하여 학업성취에 미치는 영향을 발달적 관점에서 탐색하고자 종단연구를 실시하였다. 연구가설 검증을 위해, 한국·아동청소년패널조사2018 (KYCPS 2018)의 중학교 1차년도에서 3차년도 종단 패널자료를 다변량 잠재성장모형으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 중학생의 교사애착관계와 창의적 성격은 시간의 흐름에 따라 점차 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 창의적 성격의 변화율이 교사애착관계의 변화율보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 초기치가 높을수록 변화율에 빠른 감소경향이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 교사애착관계가 좋아질수록 창의적 성격이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 교사애착관계가 좋아질수록 창의적 성격의 증가 정도가 가속되는 경향이 확인되었다. 또한, 교사애착관계가 좋아질수록 학업성취도 높아지는 경향이 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 향후 교사역량 향상 방안을 제시하였다. In this study, a longitudinal study was conducted on the effect of teacher attachment relationship on academic achievement by mediating creative personality. The results of multivariate latent growth analysis on data of about 2,500 people are as follows. First, it was confirmed that both the teacher attachment relationship and the creative personality gradually decreased significantly with the passage of time. Also, the change rate of creative personality was higher than that of teacher attachment relationship. Second, the higher the teacher attachment relationship, the higher the creative personality. Similarly, the better the teacher attachment relationship, the higher the academic achievement. In addition, it was confirmed that the degree of increase in creative personality accelerated as the teacher attachment relationship improved. Also, the higher the teacher attachment relationship, the higher the academic achievement. Based on the research results, future teacher competency improvement plans were suggested.