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정상 성인 말속도의 청지각적/음향학적 평가에 관한 기초 연구
이현정(Lee, Hyun-Joung) 한국음성학회 2014 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.6 No.3
The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of the speech rate according to the area in the perceptual and acoustic analysis. This study examines regional variation in overall speech rate and articulation rate across speaking situations (picture description, free conversation and story retelling) with 14 normal adult (7 in Gyeongnam and 7 in Honam area). The result of an experimental investigation shows that the perceptual speech rate differs significantly between two regional varieties of Koreans with a picture description examined here. A group of Honam speakers spoke significantly faster than a group of Gyeongnam speakers. However, the result of the acoustic analysis shows that the speech rate of the two groups did not differ. And there were significant regional differences in the overall speech rate and articulation rate on the other two speaking situation, free conversation and story retelling. It suggest that we have to study perceptual evaluation with regard to the free conversation and story retelling in future research, and based on the results of this study, a variety of researches on the speech rate will be needed on the various conditions, including various area and SLPs who have wider background and experiences. It is necessary for SLPs to train and experience more to assess patients properly and reliably.
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이현정(Lee Hyun-Joung) 이화여자대학교 특수교육연구소 2010 특수교육 Vol.9 No.3
인두단계의 일련의 움직임에 소요되는 시간 정도와 각 움직임의 시간적 순서는 정상적 삼킴과정에서 중요한 요소가 된다. 본 연구에서는 인두단계 움직임의 시간적 정량화를 위해 정상 성인을 대상으로 삼킴과정 중의 한 요소인 인두삼킴반응시간(Stage Transition Duration: STD)을 측정하였으며, 이를 연령, 농도, 양에 따라 살펴보았다. 청년층 10명과 노년층 10명을 대상으로 바륨이 포함된 묽은 액체와 6%, 12% 농도의 진한 액체를 각각 5cc, 15cc를 제공하여 비디오투시조영검사를 실시하였다. DVD에 녹화된 검사결과는 Graphclick을 이용하여 인두삼킴반응시간을 측정하였으며, 연령(2), 농도(3), 양(2)에 따른 인두삼킴반응시간의 차이를 알아보았다. 연구 결과, 연령 간 인두삼킴반응시간의 차이는 유의하여, 노년층이 청년층보다 더 긴 인두삼킴반응시간을 나타내었다. 그리고 연령×농도 요인의 상호작용이 통계적으로 유의하였는데, 이는 각 연령층이 농도의 변화에 따라 인두삼킴반응시간이 달랐음을 의미한다. 즉, 청년층은 농도가 높을수록 짧은 인두삼킴반응시간을 나타내었으나, 노년층은 농도가 높을수록 인두삼킴반응시간이 길었다. 후속연구에서는 인두단계에서 일어나는 다양한 시간적, 공간적 움직임에 대한 측정과 다양한 원인의 삼킴장애 환자군을 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하겠다. A sequential order of pharyngeal movements and the extent of the time it takes are important factor for normal swallow. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the temporal differences of the stage transit duration(STD) on consistency and volume and age. Videofluoroscopic swallow study(VFSS) was performed in normal healthy 20 adults(10 young and 10 elderly). The subjects sat laterally and were given 5, 15cc each of thin liquid and 6%, 12% thick liquid with barium to swallow in sequence. The entire clinical procedure was recorded on DVD. VFSS findings analyzed using software Graphclick version 3.0. And a three-way analysis of variance of participant group(age) (2) × consistency (3) × volume (2) was conducted. As a result, significant main effects were found for group. The two-way interaction among group and consistency type was also statistically significant. Various temporal and spatial measurements of the pharyngeal stage are expected to be adapted in the follow-up studies.
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뇌간병변 뇌졸중 환자의 병변에 따른 지표별 삼킴기능 비교
이현정(Hyun-Joung Lee) 한국언어청각임상학회 2012 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.17 No.3
배경 및 목적: 본 연구에서는 삼킴장애를 보이는 뇌간병변 뇌졸중 환자들을 대상으로, 삼킴기능을 평가하는 여러가지 지표에서 병변에 따라 어떠한 양상이 나타나는지 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 36명의 뇌간병변 뇌졸중 환자들을 병변에 따라 중뇌, 뇌교, 연수 병변으로 구분하였고, 10명의 일반인을 정상대조군으로 삼았다. 삼킴기능 지표로서 인두단계의 정량적 측정을 위해 설골의 최대 위쪽 이동거리와, STD, PTT를 측정하였고, 인두잔여물 정도 확인을 위해 인두연동작용과 윤상인두근 이완 여부를 살펴보았다. 그리고 침습-흡인 척도(PAS)를 통해 흡인 여부를 파악하였으며, ASHA NOMS를 이용하여 임상적 중증도를 나누었다. 결과: 15㏄ 묽은 액체에서의 STD와 PTT에서 6% 반고형식 15㏄와 묽은 액체 5㏄에서의 PTT를 제외한 모든 지표에서 통계학적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 다양한 지표에서 살펴본 삼킴 기능은 병변에 따라 대부분 차이가 나지 않았다. 이는 삼킴과정과 관련된 해부학적 병변을 알아보는 연구를 함에 있어 뇌간을 해부학적 구조에 따라 크게 뇌교, 연수로 분류하여 비교하여 알아보는 것은 한계가 있다는 것을 시사한다. Background & Objectives: The objectives of this study was to investigate the aspects of swallowing functions at the pharyngeal stage and the clinical severity according to the anatomical structures. Method: Subjects of the study included 36 patients with brainstem lesion and 10 normal control, and 7 indices were measured; pharyngeal peristalsis, cricopharyngeal functions, and presence of aspiration, the vertical hyoid bone movement, the stage transition duration(STD), the pharyngeal transit time(PTT), and clinical severity using the ASHA NOMS. Results: As a result, all most indexes except some indices(stage transition duration with 15㏄ thin liquid, pharyngeal transit time with 15㏄ semi-solid and 5㏄ thin liquid), there is no significant difference. Discussion & Conclusion: Almost swallowing functions shown by the various indicators did not differ from the lesions. This implicates that subdividing brainstem into the three sections (midbrain, pons and medulla) when studying the anatomical correlations with the swallowing process has limitation.
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이현정(Hyun Joung Lee) 한국경영학회 2014 經營學硏究 Vol.43 No.3
The purpose of this research is to identify knowledge structure of marketing field from 1999 to 2012. For this, 12,331 keywords that extracted from 25,146 articles of domestic journals related marketing field were analyzed with keyword co-occurrence & social network analysis. To investigate the knowledge structure was carried out by the following steps. The first step was to identify the frequency of keywords for 14 year period(1999-2012). High frequency keywords do not only represent marketing research but also aid in identifying the transition process of marketing research when the data is analyzed chronologically. Keywords that continently represented the marketing field were identified as customer satisfaction, satisfaction, service quality, trust. And Keywords pair, customer satisfaction-service quality, trust-satisfaction, S.Korea-USA, advertising attitude-brand attitude, S.Korea-Japan, customer satisfaction-customer loyalty, have been studied with a number of papers. The second step, central keywords in marketing research were identified by degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality, both of which are social network analysis indicators. For this, social network analysis was performed to identify the core keywords using centrality analysis. The keywords with high degree centrality were ‘trust, customer satisfaction, satisfaction, intention to purchase, service quality, advertising’ over the entire period. The third step identified subordinate research fields in marketing through a keyword cooccurrence matrix. The identification of subordinate research fields was performed through community analysis, a method that identifies cohesive groups SNA. As a results, six cohesive subgroups were identified through community analysis. Each of the groups consisted of keywords related to the group name?Group 1: channel distribution, Group2: customer relationship management, Group 3: organization, Group 4: advertising, Group 5: consumer behavior, Group 6: brand. In the last step, identified subordinate research fields were placed on the cognitive map depending on both the maturity and the independence of the research areas. The structure for subordinate research areas reveal through that. Following that map, Group2 were attractive research area, Group3 was mature research area, and Group1, Group5 was unconstructed areas for which further research is required. Group4, Group6 were independent research area. The results of this study provide valuable insights to understand the knowledge structure of marketing field. In addition, this study suggest the further research direction for marketing researchers.
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뇌졸중에 기인한 삼킴장애의 임상적 변인에 관한 문헌연구
이현정(Hyun-Joung Lee),김향희(HyangHee Kim) 한국언어치료학회 2007 言語治療硏究 Vol.16 No.1
The purposes of the current study were 1) to investigate predictive variables among various clinical factors used for assessing swallowing disorders induced by stroke; and 2) to identify the relationship between the factors and lesion sites by reviewing 16 articles on dysphagia after stroke. The results of the analysis revealed that the relationship was not conclusive because of the following four reasons: 1) there was not a clear operational definition of each clinical variable; 2) each variable was evaluated by different rating scales; 3) each research tends to contain heterogeneous patient groups; and 4) the lesion sites were not clearly reported. These observations suggest that further research should be directed at collection of prospective data, use of valid and reliable rating scales, and inclusion of lesion data. By doing so, we should be able to aid stroke patients to rehabilitate their swallowing dysfunctions in a more effective way.
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