다기능 ISDN 카드를 위한 ISDN D 채널 프로토콜 계층 3의 구현

이춘화(Choon-Hwa Lee),송민호(Min-Ho Song),김종상(Chong-Sang Kim) 한국정보과학회 1991 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 협대역 ISDN을 이용해 다양한 미디어를 전송할 수 있는 다기능 ISDN 카드의 기능 중에서 호 설정, 유지, 해제 기능을 수행하는 ISDN D 채널 프로토콜의 설계 및 구현에 대해 기술한다. 다기능 ISDN 카드는 음성, 텍스트 및 그래픽, 팩스, 텔레택스, 비데오텍스 등의 동시 정보 전송을 지원한다. 카드의 전체 구조는 프로토콜 처리모듈, 음성 송수신 모듈, 비음성 송수신부 모듈로 나누어지며, 사용자 정보 및 신호 정보 전송의 계층 1,2에 해당하는 부분은 대부분 하드웨어가 지원하며, 계층 2의 나머지 부분과 계층 3은 소프트웨어로 지원된다. 계층 3의 소프트웨어는 회선 교환 제어 모듈과 패킷 교환 제어 모듈로 나누며, 이들 각각의 모듈은 호 설정, 유지, 해제의 부 모듈들로 나누어 진다. 소프트웨어는 1 차적으로 유닉스 환경에서 C 언어로 구현하고, IPC를 이용해 실험 테스트를 했으며, 최종적으로 다기능 ISDN의 메모리에 다운로드해서 프로토콜 분석기를 이용해 적합성 시험을 할 예정이다.

사이버범죄로부터 청소년보호를 위한 법·제도 개선방안

이춘화 ( Lee Choon-hwa ),강지명 ( Kang Jee-myoung ) 한국소년정책학회 2009 少年保護硏究 Vol.12 No.-

In this study, the status of the method on regulating the cybercrime legally is examined; including education of morality in the cyber space, enactment and revision of law to protect juveniles from cybercrime, control of time in cyber space. The institutional and legal improvement methods to protect juveniles from the cybercrime are concluded as follows. The first, legal improvement methods should be newly established like these; penalty regulation on inducement of sexual crime so as to prevent juvenile prostitution on Internet, cut-off regulation on internet injurious advertisement in order to preclude illegal information exposure to juveniles. Meanwhile, the law should be enacted regarding protection on juvenile media utilization to cope rapidly with radical changes of media environment. The Second, shut-down institution should be built up as to control internet game play in night time. Meanwhile, fatigue measurement is supposed to be systemized to low insurance worth on long-period game play. These institutions will come into effect within juvenile and parents’ self-imposed control. Other than these systems, juvenile should be educated and informed cyber morality not as to cause harms of cybercrime in person or be a offender of crime. For cyber morality education, law education, sex education, communication skill should be contained.

제3편 소년범죄자에 대한 전자감독 확대방안

이춘화(Choon Hwa Lee),김정환(Jong Hwan Kim),조윤오(Younoh Cho) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2010 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

청소년 성매매 사례의 분석을 통한 상습화 예방 및 치료 대책에 관한 연구

이춘화 ( Choon Hwa Lee ),조아미 ( A Mi Cho ) 한국청소년복지학회 2005 청소년복지연구 Vol.7 No.1

소년법상의 검사 결정전 조사제도에 관한 연구

이춘화(Lee Choon-Hwa) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2009 형사정책연구 Vol.78 No.-

성폭력범죄에 대한 국민참여재판의 문제점과 개선방안

이춘화(Lee, Choon-Hwa) 한국형사정책학회 2011 刑事政策 Vol.23 No.1

There are several issues such as secondary victimization of sexual assault victims in a process of trial and an invasion of privacy in the process of juror selection in Korean jury trial. Thus, it is necessary an institutional strategy considering the particularities of sex offense. This study has sought improvement plans with this critical mind. The issues and the improvement plans as results of the study are the following. The First,「People's participation in criminal trial Act」has prescribed only the option of the accused. However, it has to exclude jury trial if a sexual assault victim does not want for secondary victimization because the accused's right and the victim's protection should be balanced. The second, the trial for sex offense can be a private hearing but it has increased possibility of secondary victimization because victims have to testify in front of juror in jury trial. Therefore, it has to prohibit that sexual history and character of sexual assault victims is used as evidence. Furthermore, it should be to appoint a public defender for child and juvenile victims of sexual assault. The third, it is possibility to verdict favorable or unfavorable if the jury candidates have experienced sex offense or sexual assault victimization. Thus, it is necessary to use a supplementary question form to inquire sexual experience and consciousness of the jury candidates. The fourth, it is occurred an invasion issue of the jury candidate's privacy in the process of juror selection because it should inquire to the jury candidates about experiences of sex offense or sexual assault victimization. Therefore, it has to stipulate a notification on a private sidebar question and a juror's information security.

청소년의 사이버범죄 피해요인에 관한 연구

이춘화(Lee, Choon-Hwa) 한국피해자학회 2009 被害者學硏究 Vol.17 No.1

The purposes of the study are the following; to analyze the preceding studies on definition and types of cybercrime, chatting and victimization, and factors of victimization from cybercrime, to find any differences of victimization from cybercrime according to demographic variables, and to reveal factors of juvenile victimization from cybercrime through chatting. This study hypothesizes that juvenile's exposure of victimization opportunity such as internet addiction, juvenile's cybercrime, and juvenile's delinquents, low self-image and legal consciousness will affect the risk of victimization in cyberspace. The survey was executed to middle and high school students in Korea from June 23th to July 24th in 2008. The total sample size for final analysis is 2,308 cases. This study deals with victimizations from 20 types of cybercrimes as follows; less serious cybercrimes are insult, threat, slander, defamation, sexual curse, distribution of photographs and moving pictures, sexual harassment, interference and more serious cybercrimes are persuasion of suicide, exposure of sexual action, demand of sexual action, exposure of pornography, exposure of violence moving pictures, proposition of prostitution, stalking, illegal use of personal information, item fraud, off-line sexual violence through chatting, off-line prostitution through chatting, off-line stalking through chatting. The results of this study can be summarized into two parts. The first, this study finds that juvenile's cybercrime has the most strong impact on victimization. Also juvenile's internet addiction has another impact. Juvenile's delinquents, low self-image and legal consciousness have partial impact. The second, the results show that male juveniles and high school students are more likely to experience victimization through chatting. And juveniles in low level of home economy and having permissive parents are also victimized more.

임부들을 대상으로 한 산전교육의 효과

박춘화 ( Choon Hwa Park ),이채언 ( Chae Un Lee ) 여성건강간호학회 2002 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.8 No.1

자간증의 변화 양상 (1953-1998)

강춘화(Choon Hwa Kang),이지연(Ji Yeon Lee),최미영(Mi Young Choi),박민혜(Min Hye Park),안현숙(Hyun Sook Ann) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.9

목적: 1953년에서 1998년까지 46년동안 부산 일신기독병원에서의 자간증의 변화 양상을 알아보기 위함이다. 연구 방법: 1953년 1월 1일부터 1998년 12월 31일까지 부산 일신기독병원 산부인과에서 분만한 233,613명 산모중 1910예의 자간 환자의 의무기록 자료를 중심으로 자간의 발생빈도, 분만에 따른 자간의 발생시기, 자간의 처치방법, 모성 사망률 및 주산기 사망률을 조사하였다. 결과: 자간증의 발생빈도는 10,000명 분만당 81.8이었다. 연도별로 보면 그 발생빈도는 1953-1962년 137.3/10,000에서 1963-1972년 278.4/10,000로 증가하였다가 이후 계속 감소하여 1993-1998년 6.5/10,000였으며 1973년부터 1992년까지의 현저한 감소에 비해 마지막 6년동안은 서서히 감소하는 추세이다. 분만에 따른 자간의 발생시기는 분만전 자간이 54%, 분만중 자간이 29%, 분만후 자간이 17%였고 분만전 자간환자의 비율이 점차 감소하면서 분만중, 그리고 분만후 자간환자의 비율이 상대적으로 증가하였다. 자간으로 인한 모성 사망은 59예로 모성사망률은 3.1%이었다. 1953-1962년 11.1%에서 1963-1972년 3.8%로 모성 사망률의 가장 큰 감소가 있었고, 1986년 이후로는 한명의 모성사망도 없었다.분만후 자간에서 분만전 혹은 분만중 자간보다 높은 사망률을 보였다. 주산기 사망은 사산 156예, 신생아 사망 124예로 주산기 사망률은 1,000 분만당 144.1이었다. 주산기 사망률은 1953-1962년 243.2/1,000에서 1963-1972년 141.5/1,000로 의미있게 감소하였으나 1982년 이후로는 서서히 증가하는 추세이다. 결론: 지난 46년간 산전 진찰 및 자간 치료의 발달과 함께 자간의 발생빈도와 자간으로 인한 모성 사망률이 현저히 감소하였다. 그러나 자간은 아직도 높은 모성 사망률 및 주산기 사망률을 보이는 심각한 임신중 합병증으로 남아있다. Objectives: To determine changes in the incidence and pattern of eclampsia in Il Sin Christian Hospital over a 46-year period. Methods: Information was collected from medical records of the 1910 eclamptic patients among 233,613 deliveries in Il Sin Christian Hospital from Jan. 1 1953 to Dec. 31 1998. Incidence, presentation, and management of eclampsia were reviewed retrospectively, and maternal mortality rate and perinatal mortality rate were calculated. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact test through two by two tables looking at relative changes between each study period. Results: The overall incidence of eclampsia was 81.8 per 10,000 deliveries. The incidence of eclampsia had increased from 137.3/10,000 in 1953-1962 to 278.4/10,000 in 1963-1972, but the rate had reduced to 6.5/10,000 in 1993-1998. There was a statistically significant fall in the rate of eclampsia every decade between 1973 and 1992, but there has been steady decrease in the last study period. Convulsion occurred antepartum in 54% of patients, intrapartum in 29% and postpartum in 17%. With the reduction in the proportion of antepartum eclampsia, there has been a relative increase in that of intrapartum and postpartum eclampsia. Maternal death occurred in 59 cases among eclampsia, and maternal mortality rate was 3.1%. Maternal mortality rate had significantly decresed from 11.1% in 1953-1962 to 3.8% in 1963-1972, and there has been no maternal death from eclampsia since 1986. Postpartum eclampsia had increased death risk compared with antepartum or intrapartum eclampsia. There were 280 cases of perinatal death and overall perinatal mortality rate was 144.1 per 1000 deliveries. There was a significant decrease in the rate from 243.2/1000 in 1953-1962 to 141.5/1000 in 1963-1972, but the rate has risen steadily since 1983. Conclusions: With the improvement in antenatal care and management of eclampsia, the incidence of eclampsia and its associated maternal mortality has decreased over the last 46 years. But eclampsia still remains a significant complication of pregnancy with high maternal and perinatal mortality.

너싱홈(Nursing Home)프로그램이 유아의 행동발달에 미치는 영향

신은정 ( Eun Jung Shin ),김춘화 ( Choon Hwa Kim ),이화일 ( Hwa Il Lee ),이칭찬 ( Ching Chan Lee ) 미래유아교육학회 2012 미래유아교육학회지 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구는 유아가 너싱홈 방문을 통해서 노인들과 같이 활동을 전개하고 이러한 활동이 유아의 행동발달에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 살펴보는 것에 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 춘천의 G어린이집 만 4세 유아 18명을 대상으로 선정하였다. 2010년 3월부터 12월까지 한 달에 1회씩 10회에 걸쳐 유아들과 함께 A마을을 방문하여 노인들과 같이 활동을 하였다. 본 연구는 관찰과 유아개별면담, 사전과 사후 유아 브레인스토밍, 유아 그림 자료, 담임교사 면담 등 유아들의 행동변화를 알아볼 수 있는 질적 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 세대 간 교류 프로그램이 유아의 행동변화에 어떠한 영향을 주는지, 이러한 유아들의 행동변화를 교육적 변화로 어떻게 해석할 수 있는지 밝히고자 하였다. 연구결과 너싱홈 프로그램을 경험한 유아들은 노인에 대한 인식, 돌봄에 대한 인식, 안정성, 세대 공동체 의식, 사회성 등에서 긍정적인 변화가 나타났다. This study analyzed the behavioral changes in the children who participated in the intergenerational exchange programs through observation and interviewing methods. G Nursery, children 6 years old, 18 children were selected for this study. From March to December in 2010 A total of 10 times a month to visit the village was carried. All of the children took part in the activities with the senior. This study were based on observation, individual interviews, pre and post brainstorming, picture materials, teacher interviews and so on. All research methods to learn the behavioral changes of children in the qualitative data were collected and analyzed. As a result of our study, we observed positive changes in the behavior of the children and the elderly. First, children who participated in the intergenerational exchange programs had a change in awareness of what "care" means. Children started to recognize that while they are used to being the ones who receive care, they too can help provide care to others. Second, through the intergenerational exchange programs, children developed a consideration of the weaker person. After they participated in the intergenerational exchange programs, we could confirm that the children`s perception of the elderly changed by noting the change in their daily life and behavior. Third, we confirmed that the elderly were also positively affected by their participation in the nursing home program through our observations. In addition, the children felt a sense of worth from the program and showed attitudes toward all the activities. Moreover they had a positive attitude toward the elderly.