생약 복용에 따른 아플라톡신 B₁의 인체모니터링 연구

이진희,류희영,김현경,김도정,이영주,정수희,장동덕,김형수,홍연표,윤혜성,Lee, Jin-Hee,Ryu, Heui-Young,Kim, Hyun-Kyung,Kim, Do-Jung,Lee, Young-Joo,Jung, Su-Hee,Jang, Dong-Deuk,Kim, Hyung-Su,Hong, Yeon-Pyo,Yoon, Hae-Seong 한국환경보건학회 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.2

Aflatoxin $B_1$, a known human carcinogen, is the member of aflatoxin subfamily that is most frequently found in contaminated foods. Epidemiological studies have suggested that aflatoxins may be associated with human liver cancer and acute hepatitis. Recently it was reported that the traditional medical herbs sold in domestic markets are contaminated with aflatoxins. Long-term administration of these contaminated medicines could result in adverse health effects. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the levels of exposure to aflatoxin in people who ingest traditional herbal medicines. Blood samples were collected, before and after the herbal medicine intake, from 151 subjects who visited the hospital. The metabolite of aflatoxin $B_1$ in blood, aflatoxin $B_1$-albumin (aflatoxin $B_1$-lysine), is reportedly an appropriate internal exposure indicator, and its levels in the collected bloods were therefore analyzed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The analytical method of aflatoxin $B_1$-lysine in blood was firstly optimized in Korea and the levels were detected below quantification limits (2 pg/mg albumin) in this study population. Consequently, the exposure levels of aflatoxin $B_1$ by ingestion of herbal medicines were low but it is important to monitor routinely due to the possibility of risk on the aflatoxin exposure.

표본조사에서 공간 변수(SPATIAL VARIABLE)를 이용한 결측 대체(MISSING IMPUTATION)의 효율성 비교

이진희,김진,이기재,Lee Jin-Hee,Kim Jin,Lee Kee-Jae 한국통계학회 2006 응용통계연구 Vol.19 No.1

표본조사에서 무응답은 여러 가지 이유로 발생하며, 이 때 응답자들의 정보로만 분석을 실시한다면 편향된 결과를 산출할 수 있어 보조변수를 이 용한 많은 무응답 대체 방법들이 연구되고 있다. 만일 결측자료 대체를 위한 보조변수들이 충분하지 않고 응답자들과 무응답자들 사이에 지역적 상관관계가 존재한다면 이를 결측자료 대체(missing data imputation)에 이용 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 2002년 강원지역의 농가경제 자료를 예제로 하여 공간상관을 이용한 무응답 대체 방법을 살펴보았으며, 공간상관이 존재할 경우 공간 대체 방법이 효율적임을 확인하였다. In sampling survey, nonresponse tend to occur inevitably. If we use information from respondents only, the estimates will be baised. To overcome this, various non-response imputation methods have been studied. If there are few auxiliary variables for replacing missing imputation or spatial autocorrelation exists between respondents and nonrespondents, spatial autocorrelation can be used for missing imputation. In this paper, we apply several nonresponse imputation methods including spatial imputation for the analysis of farm household economy data of the Gangwon-Do in 2002 as an example. We show that spatial imputation is more efficient than other methods through the numerical simulations.

공간-시계열 모형을 이용한 결측대체 방법에 대한 연구

이진희,신기일,Lee, Jin-Hee,Shin, Key-Il 한국통계학회 2007 응용통계연구 Vol.20 No.3

표본조사에서 항목무응답 발생 시 결측대체에 사용되는 일반적인 방법은 결측변수와 관계 있는 보조변수를 이용하는 것이다. 최근 이진희 등 (2006)은 2002년 강원지역의 농가경제 자료를 이용하여 표본조사에서 공간통계를 이용한 결측대체 (missing imputation) 방법을 비교하였으며, 자료들 사이에 지역적 상관이 존재할 때 이를 이용한 결측대체가 효율적임을 보였다. 본 논문에서는 이를 확장한 개념으로, 강원지역의 2000-2002까지의 월별 자료가 공간상관과 시계열상관이 존재함을 확인하고 이 관계를 결측대체에 이용하였다. 또한 공간상관과 시계열상관이 모두 존재할 경우 공간시계열 모형을 이용한 결측 대체 방법이 공간모형을 이용하였을 때에 비해 더 효율적임을 모의실험을 통해 확인하였다. It is a common practice to use the auxiliary variables to impute missing values from item nonresponse in surveys. Sometimes there are few auxiliary variables for missing value imputation, but if spatial and time autocorrelations exist, we should use these correlations for better results. Recently, Lee et al. (2006) showed that spatial autocorrelation could be efficiently used for missing value imputation when spatial autocorrelation existed, using the data from the farm household economy data in Gangwon-do, 2002. In this paper, we present au evaluation of spatial and space-time nonresponse imputation methods when there exist spatial and time autocorrelations using the monthly data during 2000-2002 from the same data previously used by Lee et al. (2006). We show that space-time imputation method is more efficient than the other through the numerical simulations.

혈뇨 환아에서 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군의 혈액 및 소변화학검사와 신기능 지표들의 비교

이진희,이현승,이근영,장필상,이경일,김동언,Lee, Jin-Hee,Lee, Hyun-Seung,Lee, Keun-Young,Jang, Pil-Sang,Lee, Kyung-Yil,Kim, Dong-Un 대한소아신장학회 2007 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.11 No.2

목 적 : 육안적 또는 현미경적 혈뇨를 주소로 24시간 소변화학검사를 시행한 환아들의 의무 기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군으로 나누어 두 군의 혈액 및 소변화학검사와 그로부터 계산된 각 용질의 배설량, 청소율, 분획배설 등에 있어서 두 군간에 차이점이 있는지 비교하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 2월부터 2007년 2월까지 10년간 가톨릭의대 의정부성모병원 소아과에서 육안 또는 현미경적 혈뇨를 주소로 24시간 소변검사를 시행한 환아 중, 단백질 배설량이 4 mg/$m^2$/시간 이상으로 단백뇨가 동반된 경우는 제외하고, 소변 칼슘 배설량이 4 mg/kg/일 이상으로 특발성 고칼슘뇨증으로 진단 받은 30명과 소변 칼슘배설량이 3mg/kg/일 미만인 비고칼슘뇨군 환아 41명을 대상으로 하여 혈액화학검사, 기본 소변검사, 24시간 소변화학검사로부터 각종 소변 용질의 배설량, 청소율, 분획배설 등을 구하여 두 군간에 차이점이 있는지를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 고칼슘뇨군(30명)과 비고칼슘뇨군(41명)에서 육안적 혈뇨는 각각 24명(80%), 17명(42%)으로 고칼슘뇨군에서 육안적 혈뇨의 비가 높았다. 임의채취뇨의 Ca/Cr 비는 각각 $0.34{\pm}0.15,\;0.15{\pm}0.13$이었으며 고칼슘뇨군 30명 중 28명의 임의채취뇨 Ca/Cr 비는 0.2 이상이었고, 비고칼슘뇨군 41명 중 36명의 임의채취뇨 Ca/Cr 비가 0.2 미만이었다. 혈액화학검사에서 고칼슘뇨군과 비고칼슘뇨군의 혈청 칼슘은 각각 $9.8{\pm}0.5 mg/dL,\;9.5{\pm}0.5 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았다(P=0.033). 24시간 소변의 칼슘농도는 각각 $14.7{\pm}7.7 mg/dL,\;3.3{\pm}2.2 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군이 유의하게 높았고(P<0.001), 칼슘배설량도 각각 $6.1{\pm}2.9 mg/kg/$일, $1.5{\pm}0.9 mg/kg/$일로 고 칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 크레아티닌 청소율로 구한 사구체여과율은 각각 $93.7{\pm}31 mL/min,\;79.5{\pm}32.0 mL/min$로 고칼슘뇨군이 유의하게 높았다(P=0.048). 24시간 소변의 요소농도는 각각 $797{\pm}316 mg/dL,\;569{\pm}329 mg/dL$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았고(P=0.015), 요소배설 량도 각각 $341 {\pm}102 mg/kg/$일, $233{\pm}123 mg/kg/$일로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 높았다(P=0.002). 나트륨 배설량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나 나트륨 분획배설(FENa)은 각각 $1.0{\pm}0.4%,\;1.3{\pm}0.6%$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 유의하게 낮았다(P=0.029). 소변배설량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나 소변의 삼투질농도는 각각 $393{\pm}103 mOsm/kg\;H_2O,\;304{\pm}96 mOsm/kgH_2O$로 고칼슘뇨군에서 더 농축된 소변을 보았다(P=0.003). 결론 :고칼슘뇨군의 소변화학검사의 가장 특징적인 소견은 요소 배설과 사구체여과율의 증가로서 이는 고칼슘뇨군이 비고칼슘뇨군에 비하여 고단백식이를 하고 있을 가능성을 시사한다. 나트륨과 칼슘은 사구체 여과가 증가함에 따라 원위세뇨관 및 집합관에 도달하는 양도 증가하고 그 곳에서 나트륨의 재흡수 기전이 매우 정교하게 이루어지는데 비하여 칼슘의 그 것은 그렇지 못하여 고칼슘뇨증을 일으켰을 가능성이 있다. 향후 고칼슘뇨 환아를 진료함에 있어서 단백질 섭취 등식이 습관의 문진과 함께 식이요법도 고려해 보아야 할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hypercalciuria patients with hematuria show different renal indices compared to non-hypercalciuria patients with hematuria. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with gross or microscopic hematuria whose blood chemistry and 24 hour urine chemistry were examined. After excluding the patients with more than $4 mg/m^2/day$ proteinuria or the patients with urinary calcium excretion between 3 and 4 mg/kg/day, we divided the patients into two groups: a hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was more than 4 mg/kg/day(n=30) and a non hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was less than 3 mg/kg/day(n=41). The urinary excretion, clearance, and fractional excretion(FE) of Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, urea, and creatinine were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results : The hypercalciuria group had more calcium excretion($6.1{\pm}2.9$ vs $1.5{\pm}0.9 mg/kg/day$), more urea excretion($341{\pm}102$ vs $233{\pm}123 mg/kg/day$), greater glomerular filtration rate(GFR) ($93.7{\pm}31.1$ vs $79.5{\pm}32.0 mL/min$) but lower FENa($1.0{\pm}0.4%$ vs $1.3{\pm}0.6%$) than the nonhyper-calciuria group, although the urinary sodium excretion was similar between the two groups. Conclusion : The greater urea excretion and GFR in hypercalciuric patients suggest that they might be on a higher protein diet than the non-hypercalciuria group. The increased glomerular filtration of sodium and calcium induced by the higher GFR in hypercalciuria would have increased their delivery to the distal tubule, where sodium is effectively reabsorbed but calcium is not, which is suggested by the lower FENa but higher FECa in hyercalciuria. It is recommended that the diet of hematuria patients be reviewed in detail at initial presentation and during treatment.

유아교육 및 보육 현장에서 경험하는 유아평가의 딜레마와 도전

이진희(Lee, Jin Hee) 한국어린이교육문화비평학회 2016 영유아교육과정연구 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 유아교육 및 보육 현장에서 경험하고 있는 유아평가의 딜레마와 도전과제를 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 유아교사들의 딜레마를 유아평가의 목적론과 관련된 본질적 딜레마, 기록 및평가 절차에 대한 방법론적 딜레마, 그리고 평가를 체계적으로 계획, 실행, 활용하는 실제를 둘러싼 현실적 딜레마로 나누어 각 딜레마별로 유아평가에 대한 이해와 실천의 지평을 확장할 수 있는 도전과제들을 짚어보았다. 국가수준 교육과정의 경직성과 각종 기관평가 및 질 관리를 통한 표준화에 대한 우려가 증가하는 상황에서 유아평가의 딜레마 극복을 위해서는 장기적 교육목표에 대한 새로운 비전 정립, 교사의 전문성과 자율성을 신뢰하는 사회문화 구축, 다양한 평가방법의 실천과 반성, 경계선을 넘어서는 열린 소통과 협력이 활발하게 이루어질 필요가 중차대함을 제안하였다. Lee. Jin-HeeThis study aimed at examining dilemmas and challenges that teachers in the field of early childhood education and care are experiencing with assessment of young children. Dilemmas are grouped into 3 categories: a) ontological dilemmas related to purposes and roles of early childhood assessment, b) methodological dilemmas regarding documentation and assessment, and c) practical dilemmas in terms of specific difficulties in planning, implementing, and utilizing systematic assessment, along with challenging tasks to deepen understandings of early childhood assessment and expand its possibilities in practice. As concerns are accumulated on the rigidity of national curriculum and standardization caused by institutional evaluations and quality control initiatives in early childhood education and care, it would be more vital than ever to work toward long-term pedagogical vision and goals, sociocultural values on professionalism and autonomy of teachers, experimentation of various assessment strategies and critical reflection, and open communication and collaboration among stakeholders in order to move beyond traditional borders and challenges.

하천에 있어서 자연성의 보전, 정비, 창출에 관한 연구(I) - 농촌지역에서의 토지이용과 하천수질과의 상관성 -

이진희,이행렬,이재근,이동근,김훈희,Lee, Jin-Hee,Lee, Haeng-Youl,Lee, Jae-Kun,Lee, Dong-Kun,Kim, Hoon-Hee 한국환경복원기술학회 1998 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The sources of the pollution on a river are divided into two classes, one the point source and the other non-point source. In raining, especially, the non-point source discharged from paddy, residential area, road ${\cdots}$ etc have correlations with the land use. This study was carried out to find out the model to estimate the quality of water in a river according to the land use. Land use data (Pungse-Myeoun and Kwangduk-Myeoun in Chonan) were produced from Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) and topographic map. Total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) general indices for the degree of pollution in river were measured during 11 months. Correlations between two variables(Land use and Pollutants(TN, TP)) were explained by the regression coefficient. As a result of this study, we found that among the five types of land use, the residential area, store area and paddy have significant effects upon the quality of water in a river. The results of this study will be applied to pre-estimate the degree of pollution in river broadly and to offer basic data in establishing the land use plan and the concept on the conservation of the river in rural area.

원저 : 개 외이도내 Malassezia pachydermatis 감염에 대한 면역 반응

이진희,오태호,한홍율,조상내 (Jin Hee Lee,Tae Ho Oh,Hong Ryul Han and Sang Nae Cho) 한국임상수의학회 1996 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

도농통합형 도시에 있어서 생물서식처 공간특성에 관한 연구(II) - 천안시 성환읍의 토지이용변화추이와 녹지구조변화를 중심으로 -

이진희,방광자,김훈희,Lee, Jin-Hee,Bang, Kwang-Ja,Kim, Hoon-Hee 한국환경복원기술학회 1999 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.2 No.1

The mixed rural city is adjusting to change by urbanization. The recent landcover change in mixed rural city is an important factor that changes structure and function of regional ecosystem. Landscape ecology is an integrated ecology widely available for environmental science such as nature conservation and sustainable land-use planning. As the concern about environmental quality rises, many studies are trying to create and conservate for biotop. The creation of biotop is related to the plan and management of the effective landuse because the important factor to change the structure and function of ecological area in the country. This study was carried out to establish the foundation of the landuse plan to analyze the change of landuse and to plan the scheme in creating biotop and landuse. We used the approach of ecological landscape and using landscape indices with RS(Remote Sensing) and GIS(Geographic Information System) technology, spatio-temporal variations of areas and distribution of forest patches were examined in the Sunghwan in Chonan from 1985 to 1996. A result of this study showed that the area of forest and paddy decreased by urban sprawl. The size of patch in the forest and agriculture had been smaller and irregular form, heterogeneity of size of forest and agriculture patches within sub-basin was increased, pattern of forest and agriculture patches decreased the corridor and network from 1985 to 1996.

간호전달 체계 개선 방안 - 일 병동을 중심으로 -

이진희,이승애,함용희,양명주,김옥선,Lee, Jin-Hi,Lee, Sung-Ae,Ham, Yong-Hee,Yang, Myong-Ju,Kim, Ok-Sohn 한국의료질향상학회 1997 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Background : In many Nursing Delivery System, Nursing Department at D Hospital had used to traditional nursing practice model what is called functional activities based system. It has a lot of merit that carried out specialized and rapid works but tend to ignore indivisual professional responsibility and task-based work assignments. In addition this system showed high turnover rates due to heavy workload, timesum of handing over duties, lack of support from peers and interstaff communication. So we performed conversion of Nursing Delivery System to My Patients Nursing Care System for providing comprehensive nursing to patient and reducing turnover rates and increasing job satisfaction to nurse. Method : 1. 1st step(96.4.9): Detected the problem of Nursing delivery System and estabilished improving planning 2. 2nd step(96.4.26): Visited other hospital on job training 3. 3th step(96.4.29): Discussed to premonitoring problem after conversion Nursing Delivery System and prepared structure 4. 4th step(96.5.6): My Patients Nursing Care System practical application 5. 5th step(96.7.20): Held complementary meeting 6. 6th step(96. 7): The other ward application 7. 7th step(96. 10): Extended application to whole wards Results: 1. Workload: (1) reduction(55.6%) (2) addition(44.4%) 2. Strong points after conversion: (1) decreased timesum of handing overduties (35.2%) (2) increased responsibility(33%) (3) broaden nurse's outlook to duties(14.8%) 3. Shortcoming after conversion: (1) understanding difficulties except my patient(57.8%) (2) weak teamwork(23.3%) (3) intensive stress to low grade nurse(12.2%) 4. Effective complemental way: (1) manpower(76.7%) (2) conversion of though (8.9%) (3) education(14.4%) 5. Patient's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(64%) (2) no effect(36%) 6. Physician and peer's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(12.5%) (2) dissatisfaction(21.6%) (3) no interest(44.3%) 7. Nurse's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(74.7%) (2) dissatisfaction(5.5%) (3) unknown(20.5%) 8. Want to continued: (1) want(76.4%) (2) try to any other system(18%) Conclusion : Even though Nursing Delivery System conversion still has many problem, we gained more merits than traditional nursing delivery system. So we suggest that My Patients Nursing Care System should be encouraged for comprehensive nursing care and satisfaction to nurses.

셀간 협력 통신 기반의 적응적 다중 사용자 다중 안테나 전송 기법

이진희,고영채,Lee, Jin-Hee,Ko, Young-Chai 한국전기전자재료학회 2011 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.24 No.2

In multicell wireless systems with insufficient frequency reuse, user transmission will suffer other-cell interference (OCI). Cell cooperation is an effective way to mitigate OCI and increase the system sum rate. An adaptive scheme for serving one user in each cell was proposed in [1]. In this paper, we generalize that scheme by serving two users in each cell with adaptive zeroforcing beamforming (ZF) strategies. Based on our derived statistics of the signal-to-noise plus interference ratios, we choose the scheme to maximize the total ergodic sum-rate based on user locations. Through the numerical examples, we show that the total system sum rate can be improved by selecting appropriate transmitting strategy adaptively. As a result, our proposed system can explore spatial multiplexing gain without additional power and thus improves total system sum rate significantly.