소음인(少陰人) 태음병(太陰病) 심하비증(心下?證)의 병증약리(病證藥理) 고찰

서영광,이지원,이준희,최원철,이의주,고병희,Seo, Young-Kwang,Lee, Ji-Won,Lee, Jun-Hee,Choi, Won-Cheol,Lee, Eui-Ju,Kho, Byung-Hee 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.3

1. Objective: Gastric Stuffiness (心下?證) in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology (少陰人 太陰病) in Sasang Constitutional Medicine shows an interesting evolutionary process. Originally found in the texts of Sanghanlun (傷寒論), the perspectives regarding the symptoms of Gastric Stuffiness were expanded by many medical scholars and Lee Jema. To comprehend the Jema's concept of Taeeum symptomatology and utilize his prescription clinically, it deserves to study on the Gastric Stuffiness in Donguisuseowon (東醫壽世保元). 2. Methods: Many texts including Sanghanlun (傷寒論) and Dongeuibogam (東醫寶鑑) were reviewed in order to track the evolutionary process concerning the symptoms of Gastric Stuffiness. Also, Lee Jema's works including the different versions of Donguisuseowon (東醫壽世保元) were reviewed to examine the development of Lee's concepts regarding the Gastric Stuffiness in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology. 3. Results and Conclusions: 1) Most of the previous concepts on Gastric Stuffiness were generally similar to those found in Sanghanlun, especially in that they addressed Yang deficiency of the middle triple energizeer as the central pathogenic process. 2) Lee Jema's views on the epigastric discomfort in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology evoloved over time and culminated in the finalized pathology and therapeutics appearing in his last work, the Shinchuk version of Donguisuseowon (東醫壽世保元). 3) 4 kinds of prescription which invented by Lee Jema to treat the Gastric Stuffiness in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology can be matched to the prescription of Sanghanlun respectively. However through evolutionary process of Jema's prescriptions, the indication of them expanded: not only to treat Gastric Stuffiness but to diverse symptoms of Soeumin.

저령차전자탕(猪苓車前子湯)의 기원(基源), 변천과정(變遷過程) 및 구조원리(構成原理)

권오원,김배수,이지원,신승원,이의주,Kwon, Oh-Won,Kim, Bae-Su,Lee, Ji-Won,Shin, Seung-Won,Lee, Eui-Ju 사상체질의학회 2016 사상체질의학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Objectives This paper investigates the origin, the progressive changes and the constructive principles of Jeoryoungchajeonja-tang(猪苓車前子湯).Methods Jeoryoungchajeonja-tang and other related prescriptions were analyzed in terms of their pathological indications, based on previous literature including 『Sanghannon(傷寒論)』, 『Keumkuaeyoryak(金匱要略)』, 『Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)』, 『Donguisusebowon‧Sasangchobongwon(東醫壽世保元‧四象草本卷)』, 『Donguisusebowon‧Gabogubon(東醫壽世保元‧甲午舊本)』, 『Donguisusebowon‧Sinchukbon(東醫壽世保元‧辛丑本)』Results and Conclusions 1) The origin of Jeoryoungchajeonja-tang is discovered in the prescriptions for Lee-su(利水), that is, Jeoryoung-tang(猪苓湯). 2) Ohryoung-san(五苓散) introduced in 『Donguisusebowon‧Sasangchobongwon(東醫壽世保元‧四象草本卷)』progressively transformed into Shihosaryoung-san(柴胡四苓散)(『Donguisusebowon‧Gabogubon(東醫壽世保元 ‧甲午舊本)』) and ultimately into Jeoryoungchajeonja-tang(『Donguisusebowon‧Sinchukbon(東醫壽世保元‧辛丑本)』), a prescription appropriate for usage in the Mangeum symptomatology(亡陰證). 3) The Jeoryoungchajeonja-tang is composed of 10 herbs. Of these, Notopterygium incisum Ting(羌活), Aralia cordata Thunb.(獨活), Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.(荊芥), Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischk.(防風) make the Pyoeum(表陰) drop, and Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.(知母), Gypsum fibrosum(石膏) scatter the uihwa(胃火), and Poria cocos Wolf.(茯苓), Alisma canaliculatum(澤瀉), Polyporus umbellatus Fr.(猪苓), Plantago asiatica L.(車前子) facilitate urination.

심경부주(心經附註)의 사상(思想)과 이제마(李濟馬) 사상(思想)과의 비교

김인태,이의주,고병희,Kim, In-tae,Lee, Eui-ju,Koh, Byung-Hee 사상체질의학회 1997 사상체질의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

심경부주(心經附註)의 고찰(考察)과 심경부주(心經附註)에서 나타나고 있는 사상(思想)과 이제마(李濟馬)의 사상(思想)과의 비교에서 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 모든 사람의 마음에는 두 가지의 마음이 존재한다. 이는 심경(心經)에서는 인심(人心)과 도심(道心)으로, 이제마(李濟馬)는 군자지심(君子之心)과 소인지심(小人之心)으로 표현하였다. 2. 심경부주(心經附註)에서는 인심(人心)과 도심(道心)은 성인(聖人)과 중인(衆人)을 구별시키는 중요한 요점이 되는데 성인(聖人)의 경우는 이 두 마음을 잘 분별하여 도심(道心)으로 인심(人心)이 인욕(人欲)에 빠지는 것을 경계하는 사람이라 하였다. 이제마(李濟馬)의 경우에서는 군자지심(君子之心)은 역지(易知)이고 소인지심(小人之心)은 난지(難知)라 하고 군자지심(君子之心)이 많은 사람은 군자(君子)이고 소인지심(小人之心)이 많은 사람은 소인(小人)이 된다고 하였다. 3. 이러한 군자(君子)의 경지에 오르기 위해 심경(心經)과 이제마(李濟馬)는 여러 가지 수행 방법을 제시하는데 공통적으로 계신공구(戒愼恐懼)를 말하고 심경(心經)에서는 이러한 계신공구(戒愼恐懼)를 위해서는 경(敬)이 가장 우선이 된다고 하고, 이제마(李濟馬)는 여인상접지성(與人相接之性)과 자기독득지성(自己獨得之性)을 들어서 절불절(節不節), 중불중(中不中)과 지인(知人), 지천(知天)을 말하고 있다. 4. 계신공구(戒愼恐懼)를 통하여 성의(誠意)를 이루고 이것으로 정심(正心)을 하는 것을 심경(心經)은 말하는데 이제마(李濟馬)는 지인(知人)을 통한 치심정기(治心正己)를 말하고 있다. 5. 맹자(孟子)의 사단(四端)은 성(性)을 이루는 중요한 마음의 단초가 되니 확충(擴充)을 해나가야 하는 것이 된다. 이제마(李濟馬)는 격치고(格致藁)에서 이러한 사단(四端)의 사심신물(事心身物)로 분화된 모습을 말하고 이를 동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)에서는 천인성명(天人性命)으로 표현을 하면서 각각의 심욕(心欲)과 각각의 선(善)한 부분을 말하고 있다. By the investigation of "Sim-Kyoung-Bu-Ju" and the comparison study between the thought of "Sim-Kyoung-Bu-Ju" and that of Lee Je-ma, I've got the following conclusion. 1. All man have two mind. That is explained that "In-Sim" and "Do-Sim" in the "Sim-Kyong-Bu-Ju", "Kun-Ja-Ji-Sim" and "So-In-Ji-Sim" in the Lee Je-ma. 2. says that "In-Sim" and "Do-Sim" are the important point of the distinguishment of the "Sung-In" from "Jung-In". The "Sung-In" is the man who distinguishes "In-Sim" from "Do-Sim" well, and he always is cautious for "In-Sim"s" falling in desire by the "Do-Sim". In the case of LeeJe-ma,"Kun-Ja-Ji-Sim" is easy to know and "So-In-Ji-Sim" is hard to know. The man of "Kun-Ja-Ji-Sim" being large part is "Kun-Ja" and the man of "So-In-Ji-Sim" being large part is "So-In". 3. To reach the state of the "Kun-Ja", the "Sim-Kyoung-Bu-Ju" and Lee Je-ma present the variant training methods, "Kei-Shin-Kong-Ku" which they have in common. The "Sin-Kyoung-Bu-Ju" presents the "Kyung" firstly for "Kei-Shin-Kong-Ku", Lee Je-ma presents the "Yo-In-Sang-Jep-Ji-Sung" and "Ja-Ki-Tok-Tuk-Ji-Sung" for "Jel-Bu-Jel", "Jung-Bu-Jung", "Ji-In", "Ji-Chen". 4. The "Sim-Kyoung-Bu-Ju" says that establish the "Sung-Ui" by the "Kei-Shin-Kong-Ku", and to "Jung-Sim" by the "Sung-Ui", Lee Je-ma says "Chi-Sim-Jung-Ki" by "Ji-In".

세종시 노인복지시설 기초조사

이의주(Lee, Eui-Ju),변나향(Byun, Na-Hyang) 한국주거학회 2023 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.35 No.1

The purpose of the study was to examine the supply of welfare facilities in new towns through the facility location and to discuss the demand for facility planning in the areas where future residential complexes are built. Distribution of elderly welfare facilities is examined, focusing on leisure welfare facilities and elderly home care including day careda based on the criteria classified under the Elderly Welfare Act. As a result of the survey, the distribution pattern was organized by comparing the planned area in Sejong City with other areas. The results of this paper will be used as pilot study to local facility planning for living support of elderly.

이제마(李濟馬)의 사상철학(四象哲學)에 대한 연구(硏究)

이의주,송일병,Lee, Eui-ju,Song, Il-byung 사상체질의학회 1999 사상체질의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

연구목적(硏究目的) 이제마(李濟馬)의 철학(哲學)과 의학(醫學)은 사상(四象)을 기초로 형성되어 있다. 그러나 그의 철학(哲學)을 이해함에 있어 태극(太極)(심(心)), 양의(兩義)(심신(心身)), 사상(四象)(사심신물(事心身物))을 반드시 함께 논해야 할 것이다. 본 연구(硏究)에서는 이제마(李濟馬)는 우주발생론적 입장에서 태극(太極) 양의(兩義) 사상(四象)을 어떻게 정의하고, 이제마(李濟馬) 철학(哲學)과 형상관(形象觀)의 궁극적 목적이 어디에 있는지 논하여 본다. 연구방법(硏究方法) 및 연구내용(硏究內容) 동무(東武) 이제마(李濟馬)의 저서(著書)로 확인되거나 추정되는 "격치고(格致藁)", "제중신편(濟衆新編)", "동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)", "동무유고(東武遺藁)", "동의수세보원사상초본권(東醫壽世保元四象草本卷)" 등에서 발췌하였다. 연구결과(硏究結果) 1. 이제마(李濟馬)는 만물의 근원을 심(心)이라 하여 태극(太極)이라고 정의하였다. 또한 태극(太趣)은 통체-태극(統體-太極)(지예의인(智禮義仁)과 일물-태극(一物-太極)(결각행지(決覺行止))의 두가지 의미를 갖는다. 2. 이제마(李濟馬)는 심신(心身)을 양의(兩儀)라고 정의하였다 또한 심신(心身)은 지행(知行)이다. 3. 이제마(李濟馬)는 사심신물(事心身物)을 사상(四象)이라고 정의하였다. 사상(四象)은 서로 다른 네가지 단위를 합한 것이 아니라 상호관계가 있는 두가지 페러다임을 결합하여 드러난 존재(存在) (=현상(現狀))을 설명하는 도구이다. 그 안에는 태극(太極)과 양의(兩儀)를 모두 함축하고 있다. 4. 이제마(李濟馬) 철학(哲學) 및 형상관(形象觀)의 궁극적 목적은 지행(知行)으로 지인정기(知人正己)에 있다. 학문(學問)(${\Rightarrow}$독서(讀書))을 통한 격물(格物)은 성심(誠心)의 방법이고, 사변(思辯)(${\Rightarrow}$찰용(察容)) 을 통한 신독(愼獨)은 경신(敬身)의 방법이다. 5. 이제마(李濟馬)의 사상철학(四象哲學)은 현상(現象)을 사심신물(事心身物)의 사상(四象)으로 요약하여 이것의 모순(我)을 극복하기 위하여 지행(知行)(심신(心身))을 외재된 형식 즉 양의(兩儀)로 제시하고, 심(心)을 내재된 원리 즉 태극(太極)으로 정의하였다. Lee Je-ma define the Mind as Taigi(太極), the mind(or wisdom) and the body(or action) as Liangyi(兩儀), the affair-mind-body-object as Sasang(四象). Sasang(四象) is the method, obtained through combining two different paradigm, by which we can explain existence and phenomenon. The aim of Lee Je-ma's thought is the Wisdom and Action, in other words, the Adjusting Myself through the Wisdom and Action.

사상인의 운동요법 적용에 관한 연구

이의주(Eui-Ju Lee),이재구(Jae-Koo Lee) 대한한의학회 2003 대한한의학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Child class C의 조기 간세포암 환자와 Child class A의 진행성 간세포암 환자에서의 생존 비교

박의주 ( Eui Ju Park ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),정승원 ( Soung Won Jeong ),추진우 ( Jin Woo Choo ),김진녕 ( Jin Nyoung Kim ),권순하 ( Soon Ha Kwon ),이병무 ( Byoung Moo Lee ),이세환 ( Sae Hwan Lee ),김상균 ( Sang Gyune Kim ),차 대한간암학회 2013 대한간암학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Background/Aims: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is affected by stage as well as liver function. We analyzed the survival outcome of early stage HCC in Child class C patients and advanced HCC in Child class A patients. Methods: Among 453 HCC patients with good performance status Group A included 33 consecutive Child class C patients with early stage (I II) HCC and Group B included 45 consecutive Child class A patients with advanced stage (III IV) HCC. We investigated the clinical characteristics cirrhotic complications and prognostic factors related with survival in each group and compared overall survival between two groups. Results: Age prothrombin time total bilirubin and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores were significantly higher in Group A. Male sex platelet count albumin sodium (Na) hepatitis B virus alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and portal vein thrombosis were significantly higher in Group B. Complications of cirrhosis such as variceal bleeding ascites and hepatic encephalopathy were increased in Group A (P<0.05). Patients with an elevated AFP (>400 ng/mL) tended to exhibit poor survival as it increased in Group A (P=0.084). MELD scores>15 (Hazard ratio[HR] 17.84 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.70-85.93 P<0.001) stage IV (HR:3.27, 95% CI 1.10-9.75 P=0.033) and absence of HCC treatment (HR: 3.70 95% CI 1.06-12.50, P=0.040) were independent poor prognostic factors in Group B. Median overall survival was 24.6 months (95% CI 10.6-38.4) for Group A and 13.5 months (95% CI 4.6-22.3) for Group B (P=0.278). In the HCC treatment group there were no significant differences of median overall survival between Group A and Group B respectively (27.1 vs. 15.7 months P=0.338). In patients with conservative treatment Group A and Group B had a significantly different median overall survival of 13.6 and 2.5 months respectively (P=0.012). In patients of Group B median overall survival was significantly higher in patients who received treatment of HCC compared to those who did not respectively (15.7 vs. 2.5 months P<0.001). Conclusions: Overall median survival was not different between both groups. However in Child class A patients with advanced stage HCCs the cumulative median survival was higher in patients who received treatment of HCC compared to those who did not. Therefore advanced stage HCC patients with good liver function should be considered for HCC treatments.

WSR 초기수트 조건에서의 입자 크기, 농도 및 화학적 특성

이의주(Eui Ju Lee),George. W. Mulholland 대한기계학회 2004 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2004 No.4

The characteristics of soot near the soot inception point for an ethene-air flame was carried out in a WSR (well-stirred reactor). The new sampling tool like the temperature controlled filter system was introduced to minimize the condensation during sampling. The new analysis tools applied include the real time size distribution analysis with the Nano-DMA, particle size by transmission electron microscopy, C/H analysis, g filter analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis using both non-oxidative and oxidative pyrolysis. The WSR can generate young soot particles that can be collected and examined to gain insight into inception. For the current conditions, soot does not form for Φ=1.9, inception occurs at or before Φ=2.0, and inception combined with soot surface growth and/or coagulation occurs for Φ=2.1. The filter samples for Φ=1.9 are composed of volatile compounds that evolve at relatively low temperatures when heated in the presence or absence of O₂. The samples collected from the WSR at Φ=2.0 and Φ=2.1 are precursor-like in morphology and size. They have higher C/H ratios and lower organic percentages than precursor particles, but they are clearly not fully carbonized soot. The WSR PAH distribution is similar to that in young soot from inverse flames.

정량적 위험성평가를 위한 배출 오염물질 분포 예측

이의주 ( Eui Ju Lee ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2016 한국안전학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The prediction of various emissions from coal combustion is an important subject of researchers and engineers because of environmental consideration. Therefore, the development of the models for predicting pollutants very fast has received much attention from international research community, especially in the field of safety assessment. In this work, response surface method was introduced as a design of experiment, and the database for RSM was set with the numerical simulation of a drop tube furnace (DTF) to predict the spatial distribution of pollutant concentrations as well as final ones. The distribution of carbon dioxide in DTF was assumed to have Boltzman function, and the resulted function with parameters of a high R² value facilitates predicting an accurate distribution of CO₂. However, CO distribution had a difference near peak concentration when Gaussian function was introduced to simulate the CO distribution. It might be mainly due to the anti-symmetry of the CO concentration in DTF, and hence Extreme function was used to permit the asymmetry. The application of Extreme function enhanced the regression accuracy of parameters and the prediction was in a fairly good agreement with the new experiments. These results promise the wide use of statistical models for the quantitative safety assessment.

기계안전분야 : 비정상 유동의 메탄/공기 혼합기 반응안정성 효과 연구

이의주 ( Eui Ju Lee ),오창보 ( Chang Bo Oh ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2011 한국안전학회지 Vol.26 No.5

Flame extinction and the chemistry of stoichiometric methane/air mixture were investigated numerically in the PSR(perfectly stirred reactor). For the study, PSR code was modified to be possible to unsteady calculation, and the sinusoidal fluctuation was subjected to the residence time. In the region of residence time far from the extinction limit, combustion mode was strongly dependent on the frequency. The low frequency excitation provided the quasi-steady behavior on the temperature and the concentrations of related species, but small variation of temperature was observed under high frequency. In the region of residence time near the extinction limit, the mixture subjected above 1 KHz was still reacting even though extinction had to be occurred under quasi-steady concept. The attenuation of extinction limit resulted from that chemical time was comparable to the flow time. The mean mole fractions of both NO and CO were almost same regardless of imposed frequency. However, the average mole fraction of C2H2 was decreased as increasing frequency, which implies that soot yield might be reduced at the higher frequency of flow excitation. The result provides the basic concept for flame stabilization, and it will be used to design a mild combustor.