작은 유방 병변에서 조영 증강 출력 도플러 초음파 검사의 진단적 유용성$^1$

이광철,국신호,박용래,배원길,이영래,정은철,박해원,Lee, Gwang-Cheol,Guk, Sin-Ho,Park, Yong-Rae,Bae, Won-Gil,Lee, Yeong-Rae,Jeong, Eun-Cheol,Park, Hae-Won 대한영상의학회 2002 대한영상의학회지 Vol.47 No.2

목적: 작은 유방 병변에서 양성과 악성 병변의 구분에 조영증강을 이용한 출력 도플러 초음파검사의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2 cm 미만의 유방 고형 종괴 31예(양성 17예, 악성 14예)에서 초음파 및 초음파 조영제 (SH U 508A)를 이용한 조영 증강 전과 후의 출력 도플러 초음파 검사를 전향적으로 검사하였다. 형태적 분석을 위해 초음파 소견과 조영 증강 전과 후의 출력 도플러 초음파 검사에서 도플러 신호의 유형을 평가하여 각각의 검사의 진단적 민감도와 특이도를 알아보았고, 초음파 검사와 병행하여 조영증강 전과 후 출력 도플러 초음파 검사를 하였을 때의 진단적 정확도를 알아보았다. 혈 역학적 분석은 조영증강 후 출력 도플러 초음파 검사의 시간에 따른 도플러 신호량의 변화를 컴퓨터 응용 프로그램(sonic v10R)으로 측정하여 조직학적 결과와의 연관성을 알아보았다. 결과: 초음파 및 조영증강 전과 후의 진단적 민감도는 각각 100%,35.7%및 57%였고, 특이도는 47%,88.2%및 76%였다. 진단적 정확도는 초음파와 병행하여 출력 도플러 초음파 검사를 한 경우는 35%였으나, 조영증강 출력 도플러 초음파를 병행한 경우는 77%였다. 조영증강 후 시간에 따른 출력 도플러 초음파 신호의 변화는 조직검사 결과와 상관관계가 없었다. 결론: 작은 유방 병변의 악성과 양성의 감별에 있어서 조영증강 출력 도플러 초음파는 도플러혈류신호의 형태를 더 잘 보여주어 초음파 및 출력 도플러 초음파 검사와 더불어 보완적인 검사 방법으로 유용하였다. Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in differentiating small benign from small malignant breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one solid breast lesions (<2 cm in size; 17 benign and 14 malignant) prospectively underwent US and PDUS before and after the injection of contrast agent (SH U 508A). Morphologic analysis involved independent assessment of the findings of US and the patterns of Doppler signals before and after contrast enhancement at PDUS, and sensitivity and specificity were thus evaluated. The diagnostic accuracy of US accompanied by PDUS was also determined before and after contrast enhancement. Hemodynamic analysis involved measurement of the time lapse between contrast injection at PDUS and observed change in Doppler signals. For this, a sonic VIOR computer-assisted program was used and the results were correlated with the pathologic findings. Results: The sensitivities of US before and after contrast enhanced PDUS were 100%, 35.7%, and 57%, with specificities of 47%, 88.2% and 76%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of US was 35% with noncontrast PDUS, and 77% before and after contrast enhanced PDUS. The recorded time lapse between contrast injection at PDUS and observed change in Doppler signals did not correlate closely with the pathologic findings. Conclusion: In that it improved visualization of the morphology of vascular Doppler signals, microbubble contrast-enhanced PDUS complemented US and PDUS in differentiating between small benign and small malignant breast lesions.

트렌치 게이트 IGBT 에서의 공정 및 설계 파라미터에 따른 항복 전압 특성에 관한 연구

신호현,이한신,성만영,Shin, Ho-Hyun,Lee, Han-Sin,Sung, Man-Young 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.20 No.5

In this paper, effects of the trench angle($\theta$) on the breakdown voltage according to the process parameters of p-base region and doping concentrations of n-drift region in a Trench Gate IGBT (TIGBT) device were analyzed by computer simulation. Processes parameters used by variables are diffusion temperature, implant dose of p-base region and doping concentration of n-drift region, and aspects of breakdown voltage change with change of each parameter were examined. As diffusion temperature of the p-base region increases, depth of the p-base region increases and effect of the diffusion temperature on the breakdown voltage is very low in the case of small trench angle($45\;^{\circ}$) but that is increases 134.8 % in the case of high trench angle($90\;^{\circ}$). Moreover, as implant dose of the p-base region increases, doping concentration of the p-base region increases and effect of the implant dose on the breakdown voltage is very low in the case of small trench angle($45\;^{\circ}$) but that is increases 232.1 % in the case of high trench angle($90\;^{\circ}$). These phenomenons is why electric field concentrated in the trench is distributed to the p-base region as the diffusion temperature and implant dose of the p-base increase. However, effect of the doping concentration variation in the n-drift region on the breakdown voltage varies just 9.3 % as trench angle increases from $45\;^{\circ}$ to $90\;^{\circ}$. This is why magnitude of electric field concentrated in the trench changes, but direction of that doesn't change. In this paper, respective reasons were analyzed through the electric field concentration analysis by computer simulation.

Simultaneous Determination of Benzidine, Acetylbenzidine and di-Acetylbenzidine in Rat Urine

신호상,이진현,안혜실,홍춘표,최석남,Sin, Ho Sang,Lee, Jin Hyeon,An, Hye Sil,Hong, Chun Pyo,Choe, Seok Nam Korean Chemical Society 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.7

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometric assay method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of benzidine (BZ), N-acetyl benzidine (ABZ) and N,N-diacetyl benzidine (DABZ) in rat urine. BZ, ABZ and DABZ were extracted from urine at pH 8 with ethyl ether. Conjugated urinary metabolites were extracted at pH 8 after hydrolysis with 1 M HCl for 30 min at 100 $^{\circ}C.$ The dried extract was dissolved in 100 ${\mu}{\ell}$ of ethylacetate and then injected in gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) system without further purification or modification. BZ, ABZ and DABZ have good chromatographic properties and offer very sensitive response for the EI-MS (SIM) without any derivatization. The recoveries for BZ, ABZ and DABZ were about 98.0, 81.8 and 71.4%, respectively, at pH 8.0 and the concentration of 5.0 ng/mL. The coefficients of variation of BZ and ABZ were less than 9.5% from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL and that of DABZ was less than 13% in the same concentration range. The detection limits of the assay were 0.01 ng/mL for both BZ and ABZ, and 0.05 ng/mL for DABZ in urine or plasma 1.0 mL.

제품 전과정평가와 탄소발자국 산출을 통한 타이어 산업에서의 제품 환경전략 수립

곽인호 ( In Ho Kwak ),박지형 ( Ji Hyoung Park ),이영설 ( Young Seol Lee ),설소영 ( So Yeong Seol ),강경규 ( Kyung Kyu Kang ),김종윤 ( Jong Yune Kim ),신호현 ( Ho Hyun Sin ),장선미 ( Sun Mi Jang ),양승룡 ( Seong Ryong Yang ),이상신 한국전과정평가학회 2012 한국전과정평가학회지 Vol.13 No.1

기업의 지속가능전략 수립 시 환경적 전략 수립의 중요성이 강조됨에 따라 여러 타이어 제조업 체에서는 타이어 제조 시 환경영향요인 저감, 제품환경전략 수립을 위해 제품의 환경성을 정량적으로 평가하고 있다. 본 연구는 대표적인 환경성 평가 tool인 LCA(Life Cycle Assessment)와 Carbon Footprint 기법을 이용해 승용차용 타이어(PCR)과 트럭 버스용 타이어(TBR) 제품에 대한 환경영향을 정량적으로 분석하였다. Life cycle은 원료 취득 및 생산 단계, 원부자재 수송 단계, 제품 제조 단계, 제품 유통단계, 사용단계, 폐기 및 재활용 단계의 6단계로 설정해 LCA를 수행하였다. 분석 결과 타이어는 사용단계에서 가장 많은 환경영향이 발생하며, 구성부품 중에서는 tread에서 가장 환경 영향이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 사례 분석을 통해 분석된 결과와 주요 타이어 제조사들의 LCA 및 탄소배출량 산정 수행 사례를 활용해 life cycle 각 단계별로 제품환경전략 수립의 방향성을 제시하였다. As the importance of environmental strategy is gaining weight, a number of tire manufacturers are quantifying the environmental aspect of a product in order to reduce the environmental impact of the product and devise an environmental strategy for the product. In this study, the environmental impact of Passenger Car Radial(PCR) tire and Truck Bus Radial(TBR) tire was quantified using Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) and Carbon Footprint which are the two of the main methods for assessing environmental impact. Life cycle in the LCA was divided into 6 categories: raw material extraction and production phase, transportation phase, product manufacturing phase, distribution phase, use phase, disposal and recycle phase. As a result, it was found that the use phase had the highest environmental impact, and the tread showed especially high environmental impact among all parts. This study suggests a direction for environmental strategy for a product in each phases of the LCA method by analyzing case studies and utilizing the LCA and Carbon Footprint assessment done by major tire manufacturers.

600V급 트렌치 게이트 LDMOSFET의 전기적 특성에 대한 연구

이한신(Han Sin Lee),강이구(Ey Goo Kang),신아람(Aram Shin),신호현(Ho Hyun Shin),성만영(Man Young Sung) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

본 논문에서는 기존의 250V급 트렌치 전극형 파워 MOSFET을 구조적으로 개선하여, 600V 이상의 순방향 항복 전압을 갖는 파워 MOSFET을 설계 하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 구조로 기존의 250V급 트렌치 전극형 파워 MOSFET에 비하여 더욱 높은 순방향 항복 전압을 얻었다. 또한, 기존의 LDMOS 구조로 500V 이상의 항복 전압을 얻기 위해서 100㎛ 이상의 크기를 필요로 했던 반면에, 본 논문에서 제안한 소자의 크기 (vertical 크기)는 50㎛로서, 소자의 소형화 및 고효율화 측연에서 더욱 우수한 특성을 얻었다. 본 논문은 2-D 공정시뮬레이터 및 소자 시뮬레이터를 바탕으로, 트렌치 옥사이드의 두께 및 폭, 에피층의 두께 변화 등의 설계변수와 이온주입 도즈 및 열처리 시간에 따른 공정변수에 대한 시뮬레이션을 수행하여, 본 논문에서 제안한 구조가 타당함을 입증하였다.

마이크로파 ZST 세라믹을 이용한 Helical Antenna 개발

이종배,육영진,신호용,김형순,임종인,Lee, Jong-Bae,Yook, Young-Jin,Sin, Ho-Yong,Kim, Hyung-Sun,Im, Jong-In 한국세라믹학회 2008 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.45 No.4

In this study, helical antenna with microwave ZST ceramics was designed using finite element method and developed. Studied parameters are relative dielectric constant of the dielectric core and the width of the conduction metal band of the antenna. As shown in the results, the center frequency of the antenna was decreased as the dielectric constant increased. Also beam width of the antenna increased as both the dielectric constant and the conduction band width increased. Based on the designed optimal shape, the manufactured antenna has the good beam width at center frequency 1.58 GHz.

증례 : 전신성 경화증에서 D-penicillamine 치료 중에 발생한 중증 재생불량성 빈혈 1예

이동원 ( Dong Won Lee ),이선미 ( Sun Mi Lee ),이준희 ( Jun Hee Lee ),신호진 ( Ho Jin Sin ),정주섭 ( Joo Seop Chung ),조군제 ( Goon Jae Cho ),김성일 ( Sung Il Kim ) 대한내과학회 2005 대한내과학회지 Vol.69 No.-

D-penicillamine에 의한 재생불량성 빈혈의 부작용은 비교적 드문 경우로 사망을 초래할 수도 있으며, 국내에서 이에 대해 1예만 보고되어 있다. 저자들은 전신성 경화증을 진단받고 D-penicillamine으로 2년 동안 치료받는 중에 전신적인 허약감과 어지럼증으로 내원한 환자에서 발생한 난치성의 중증 재생불량성 빈혈 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 이를 보고하는 바이다. D-penicillamine has been used in treating systemic scleroderma (SSc) to reduce skin thickening and to prevent further involvement of internal organs. Well known side effects include skin rash, changes or loss of taste, nausea and vomiting, hematologic complications such as thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia and autoimmune disease such as Goodpasture`s syndrome, myasthenia gravis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosis. Aplastic anemia is a rare complication and is usually resolved by discontinuing medication. We experienced a case of D-penicillamine-induced severe aplastic anemia in systemic scleroderma patient and would like to report this case with review of articles. (Korean J Med 69:S970-S973, 2005)

유해화학물질의 계통분석

박성우(Sung-Woo park),박유신(You-Sin Park),이진훈(Jin-Hoon Lee),임미애(Mie-Ae Lim),이상기(Sang-Ki Lee),김유나(Yu-Na Kim),신호상(Ho-Sang Shin),노동석(Dong-Seok Lho) 한국법과학회 2000 한국법과학회 학술대회 Vol.2000 No.1

독우산광대버섯 중독에 의한 급성 신부전 2예

정현철(Hyun Chul Jung),김보석(Bo Suk Kim),송상헌(Sang Heun Song),김용범(Yong Bum Kim),신호진(Ho Jin Sin),이동원(Dong Won Lee),이우철(Woo Chul Lee),이수봉(Soo Bong Lee),곽임수(Ihm Soo Kwak),나하연(Ha Yeon Rha) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.57 No.6

N/A Although the most of mushroom poisoning have a clinical menifestation of mild to moderate gastroenteritis, some mushroom may cause a serious illness; acute renal failure, hepatic necrosis. We experienced two cases of acute renal failure complicated by the poisoning of amanita virosa. Amanita virosa have a amatoxin. Amatoxin deteriorate hepatocytes, renal tubular cells, intestinal mucosal cells, and pancreas. They were transferred from local hospital for renal failure management. On admission, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were highly elevated. We diagnosed acute renal failure complicated by poisoning of amanita virosa. In one case, renal function was further deteriorated compared with initial laboratory findings after creatinine was normalized at fifth day. Thus, we did a kidney biopsy. Light microscopy and EM showed interstitial inflammation and moderate tubular atrophy. They were recovered with the supportive management. We report two cases of mushroom poisoning-induced acute renal failure with review of literature. (Korean J Med 57:1053-1056, 1999)

웨이블릿 변환 기반 시간-주파수 영역 반사파 계측법을 이용한 활선 상태 전력 케이블의 중복 임피던스 변화 지점 추정

이신호(Sin Ho Lee),최윤호(Yoon Ho Choi),박진배(Jin Bae Park) 대한전기학회 2013 전기학회논문지 Vol.62 No.5

In this paper, we propose a multi-impedance changes localization method of on-voltage underground power cable using the wavelet transform based time-frequency domain reflectometry (WTFDR). To localize the impedance change in on-voltage power cable, the TFDR is the most suitable among reflectometries because the inductive coupler is used to inject the reference signal to the live cable. At this time, the actual on-voltage power cable has multi-impedance changes such as the automatic section switches and the auto load transfer switches. However, when the multi-impedance changes are generated in the close range, the conventional TFDR has the cross term interference problem because of the nonlinear characteristics of the Wigner-Ville distribution. To solve the problem, the wavelet transform (WT) is used because it has the linearity. That is, using WTFDR, the cross term interference is not generated in multi-impedance changes due to the linearity of the WT. To confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method, the actual experiments are carried out for the on-voltage underground power cable.