3종의 CAD/CAM 시스템에서 지르코니아 코어의 파절 강도에 관한 비교 연구

신언식,이영수,박원희,Shin, Eon-Sick,Lee, Young-Soo,Park, Won-Hee 대한치과보철학회 2008 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare three different CAD/CAM systems through the fracture strength of zirconia core and to evaluate the clinical availability of each system. Material and methods: The following three groups of 30 maxillary mesial incisor core for all-ceramics(each group 10) were fabricated as follows: group 1. $Adens^{(R)}$ CAD/CAM system, group 2. $Cerasys^{(R)}$ CAD/CAM system, group 3. 3M $Lava^{(R)}$ CAD/CAM system. All specimens were manufactured consistently thickness 0.5mm and relief $40{\mu}m$. Specimens were subjected to compressive loading on the lingual area by Z250/$SN5S^{(R)}$. Each group's mean and standard deviation were calculated and Kruskal Waillis test, Wilcoxon Rank Sum test were utilized to find out the relationship among the groups. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The mean fracture strength of $Adens^{(R)}$ system was $615.89{\pm}156.1N$, the $Cerasys^{(R)}$ system was $863.98{\pm}151.5N$, and the 3M $Lava^{(R)}$ system was $1143.1{\pm}286.6N$. 2. The fracture strength of the systems showed the significant statistical differences in order of 3M $Lava^{(R)}$ system, $Cerasys^{(R)}$ system, $Adens^{(R)}$ system. Conclusion: In this study, in spite of the differences among the groups, every group showed clinically useful results. It is necessary to study further clinical experiments on a long term basis. 최근 CAD/CAM 시스템을 이용하여 제작된 지르코니아 코어의 사용이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 국내 기술력을 이용한 제품에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡한 단계이다. 본 연구의 목적은 3종의 CAD/CAM 시스템에서 단일 전부 도재관을 위한 지르코니아 코어의 파절 강도를 비교하는 것이다. 본 연구를 위해 상악 중절치 부위의 전부도재관을 위한 30개의 지르코니아 코어를 제작하였다. 각 군은 다음과 같다. 1. $Adens^{(R)}$ CAD/CAM 시스템 군, 2. $Cerasys^{(R)}$ CAD/CAM 시스템 군, 3. $Lava^{(R)}$ CAD/CAM 시스템 군. 모든 시편은 두께 0.5mm, relief $40{\mu}m$로 일관성 있게 제작하였다. 시편은 Z250/SN5S을 이용하여 파절 강도를 측정하였다. 각 군의 평균과 표준편차를 구하고, 각 군간의 유의성을 알아보기 위해 Kruskal waillis test와 Wilcoxon Rank Sum test를 시행하였다. 본 연구 결과, 각 군의 파절 강도는 $Adens^{(R)}$ 시스템은 $615.89{\pm}156.1N$, $Cerasys^{(R)}$ 시스템은 $863.98{\pm}151.5N$, 3M $Lava^{(R)}$ 시스템은 $1143.1{\pm}286.6N$ 이었다. 각 군의 파절 강도는 3M $Lava^{(R)}$ 시스템, $Cerasys^{(R)}$ 시스템, $Adens^{(R)}$ 시스템 순으로 통계학적으로 유의한 수준의 차이를 보였으나, 세 그룹 모두 임상적으로 사용 가능한 결과를 나타냈다. 실제 임상에서 장기간의 사용에 대한 연구가 필요할 것이다.

폐경 전,후 성인 여성의 BMI지표에 의한 WHR, %FAT 평가와 대사장애지표와의 상관관계

이신언(Shin Eon Lee),김형돈(Hyung Don Kim),이강구(Kang Gu Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.34

Many women are suffering from a dramatic increase of metabolic syndrome after menopause(climacteric). The accumulation of fat in the visceral area has been described as one of main components of the metabolic syndrome. Obesity is the primary cause of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to observe differences of anthropometric parameters describing obesity status of age group of 40th and 50th and the relationship between metabolic syndrome indicators and BMI, WHR, and %Fat. For these purpose 321 women with ages ranging from 40-59 year were volunteered to measure for determining the obesity status and blood lipid profiles. All subjects were asked for menopausal status, divided into two group and evaluated for BMI, WHR, %fat, serum lipid and body composition. The body composition of subjects was measured using bio-impedance method. Blood was drawn from the subject, centrifuged and stored for analysis. Blood lipid was analyzed using enzymatic method by SELECTRA XL(NETHERLAND). The results showed that postmenopausal women in 50`s show higher BMI, WHR, %fat, TC, LDL-C, TG compared with premenopausal women in 40`s but lower height, weight, HDL-C. WHR was more effective variable to describe obesity status BMI than BMI, in both 40`s and 50`s menopausal women. WHR and %Fat of premenopausal women in 40`s showed significant differences between each BMI stages (a<b<c<d). In addition WHR and %Fat of postmenopausal women in 50`s showed significant difference only between a and d, but no significant between b and c (a<b=c<d) existed. In present study, the correlation between metabolic syndrome indicator of 40`s and 50`s and BMI, WHR, %fat were examined. TC and LDL-C were mostly related with %Fat(40`s), WHR(50`s), HDL-C with BMI(40`s), %Fat(50`s), triglyceride with WHR(40`s), %Fat(50`s). In conclusion, women in 50`s showed significantly higher TC, LDL-C, TG and significantly lower HDL-C compared with 40`s. This may suggest that after menopause metabolic syndrome might increase independently with aging. BMI showed higher correlations coefficient with WHR than %Fat.

수행평가 활용을 위한 축구기술검사 개발과 타당성 및 신뢰도 검증

이신언(Shin Eon Lee),김형돈(Hyung Don Kim),김완식(Wan Shik Kim) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of this study was to investigate validity and reliability of newly developed KLK soccer skill test for the use of performance based evaluation utilized in middle and high school setting. The subjects consisted of 60 college students and divided into three groups; advanced group, intermediate group, and beginner group. The advanced group are highly trained players and member of college soccer team and intermediate group are not highly trained players and member of club. Beginner group are not playing soccer on regular basis and student of non-physical education major. KLK soccer skill test was developed to improve the disadvantages of Mor-Christian soccer skill test in 1979. KLK soccer skill test could be performed in outdoor and wide space which maximally simulated soccer skill in real match. KLK soccer skill test is a battery test consist of dribbling, passing, and shooting skill. The results showed that there was significant group differences in all of the soccer skill at Mor-Christian soccer skill test and KLK soccer skill test. The significant correlation coefficient exists in all the soccer skill test between Mor-Christian soccer skill test and KLK soccer skill test, which means newly developed KLK soccer skill test has reasonable validity. The correlation coefficient changed within each group and thus significant relation was shown only in advanced group. Significant correlation exist in dribbling at intermediate group and dribbling and passing at beginner group. ANOVA and Intraclass correlation coefficient showed that significant reliability of KLK soccer skill test exist in passing and shooting skill test. In conclusion KLK soccer skill test discriminates the levels of soccer skill and showed reliable and valid soccer skill test which could be applied at middle and high school setting for the use of performance based evaluation.

국소 운동과 전신 운동에 의한 피로 유발 후 자세 안정성의 변화

이신언(Shin Eon Lee),김형돈(Hyung Don Kim),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim) 한국발육발달학회 2008 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to observe the change of postural stability after fatigue induced by local body exercise and whole-body exercise. The design of this study is an longitudinal cross over design which implements three different prescriptions to the same subjects giving short time interval. The subjects consist of 19 college student volunteers who participated two sessions of different type of exercise; local body exercise and whole-body exercise. Before participating local body exercise to induce local body fatigue the subject was tested for determine postural stability using the BESS(Balance Error Scoring System) and Posturomed. This procedure was repeated using whole body exercise instead of local body exercise. The result showed that the BESS score was decreased to 7.1% when the subject was not exposed any exercise, increased to 165% after local-body exercise, and increased 194.3% after whole-body exercise. The subject scored 17.68±1.24 in RPE during local-body exercise and 18.68±0.88 whole-body exercise. It was also shown that the postural stability in Posturomed decreased 47.5% when the subject was not exposed any exercise, increased 38.9% after local-body exercise and increased 19.5% after whole-body exercise. RPE was shown as 17.21±0.97 during local-body exercise and 18.10±0.93 during whole-body exercise. The correlation coefficient showed that postural stability in BESS and Posturomed were highly correlated after local-body exercise. However, no significant correlation was observed between postural stability in BESS and Posturomed after whole-body exercise. This result suggest that BESS test compare with Posturomed test might be useful test to predict the status of body condition during the period of fatigue condition.

Full mouth rehabilitation of severely worn dentition with implants and removable partial dentures

이신언,이원섭,이철원,이수영,Lee, Shin Eon,Lee, Won Sup,Lee, Cheol Won,Lee, Su Young The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2018 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.56 No.1

과도한 치아 마모는 수직 고경 감소를 초래하고 구강 환경과 저작계의 병적 변화를 유발할 수 있다. 수직 고경과 교합을 회복시켜주기 위해서는 정확한 진단과 분석이 필수적이다. 본 증례에서는, 75세 여성환자로 구치부 지지 상실로 인한 치아 심한 마모가 관찰되었다. 따라서 수직 고경 거상을 동반한 전악 재건 수복을 계획하였다. 정확한 임상적 방사선학적 검사, 수직 고경 평가 후 진단 납형을 제작하였고 임시보철수복을 통해 환자의 적응여부를 평가하였다. 최종 수복은 환자의 경제적 상황을 고려하여 가철성 국소의치를 제작하였으며 하악 좌우측 구치부에 임플란트를 한 개씩 식립하여 국소의치의 지지와 유지를 보강하였다. 최종 수복물 장착 후 1년 간의 경과관찰 기간 동안 기능적, 심미적으로 만족할 만한 결과를 보였다. Excessive tooth wear can lead to decrease in occlusal vertical dimension and can cause pathological changes in the oral environment and masticatory system. When recovering occlusal vertical dimension and occlusion, accurate diagnosis and analysis are essential. This clinical case describes a 75-year-old woman with severely worn dentition due to loss of the posterior support. Full mouth rehabilitation with occlusal vertical dimension increment was planned. Clinical and radiographic examinations, occlusal vertical dimension evaluation, and diagnostic wax-up were performed and patient adaptability was evaluated using provisional restorations. As for definitive restoration, considering economic condition of the patient, removable partial denture was fabricated and solitary implants were placed in the mandibular left and right posterior region to increase support and retention of the removable partial denture. During one year of follow-up, functional and esthetic outcomes were observed satisfactory.

성인 비만 여성의 16주 운동이 체중감소에 미치는 영향

이신언(Shin Eon Lee),김홍인(Hong In Kim),임승길(Seung Kil Lim) 한국사회체육학회 2006 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.27

12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝이 비만 남성의 기초대사량과 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향

이만균 ( Man Gyoon Lee ),성순창 ( Soon Chang Sung ),이신언 ( Shin Eon Lee ),정원상 ( Won Sang Jung ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2011 운동과학 Vol.20 No.4

이만균, 성순창, 이신언, 정원상. 12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝이 비만 남성의 기초대사량과 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제20권 제4호, 405-416, 2011. 본 연구의 목적은 12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝이 20대 비만 남성의 기초대사량과 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 연구 대상자는 체지방률 25% 이상의 남성 28명으로서, 이들을 저항성 트레이닝 집단(n=14)과 통제 집단(n=14)으로 구분하였다. 저항성 트레이닝 집단의 대상자는 12주간, 주당 3~4회, 회당 40~60분씩, 8 RM의 강도로 2~3 세트씩 저항성운동 트레이닝을 실시한 반면, 통제 집단의 대상자는 같은 기간 동안 평소 생활 습관을 유지하도록 하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 1) BMI와 체지방률에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났으며, 두 집단 모두 체지방률의 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 2) 1-RM과 관련된 모든 변인은 저항성 트레이닝 집단에서만 유의하게 증가되었다. 3) RMR은 단위와 상관없이 모든 변인이 저항성 트레이닝 집단에서 유의하게 증가된 것으로 나타난 반면, 통제 집단의 경우 RMR(KJ·kg-1 FW·h-1)에서만 유의한 증가가 나타났다. 4) TT4와 norepinephrine에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 저항성 트레이닝 집단과 통제 집단 두 집단 모두의 경우 norepinephrine에서 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 5) Adiponectin과 IL-6에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났으며, 두 집단 모두에서 adiponectin과 IL-6가 유의하게 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝은 안정 시 대사율을 증가시켜 장기적인 체중 관리에 효과적일 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. 또한 저항성운동이 안정 시 대사율을 증가시키는 기전을 밝히기 위하여 TT4, FFA, 그리고 norepinephrine 이외의 변인을 연구해 볼 필요가 있으며, 저항성운동이 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향을 보다 명확히 규명하기 위한 후속 연구가 요청된다. Lee, M. G., Sung, S. C., Lee, S. E., Jung, W. S. Effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise training on resting metabolic rate (RMR), and adipocytokines in obese men of 20s. Exercise Science, 20(4): 405-416. 2011. Twenty-eight obese men, aged 23.7±1.18 yrs, were randomly assigned to one of two groups, i.e., resistance exercise training group (TR: n=14) and control group (CON: n=14). Participants in TR performed resistance exercise training 40~60 min/session, 3~4 sessions/week, for 12 weeks, whereas participants in CON were asked to maintain their normal life pattern during same intervention period. Resistance exercise included bench press, shoulder press, biceps curl, triceps extension, lat pull down, leg press, leg curl, leg extension, sit up, standing calf raise, and squat, and performed at 8 RM for 2~3 sets. Main results of the present study were as follows: 1) Percent body fat decreased significantly in TR (p<.01) and CON (p<0.05). 2) All variables regarding 1-RM increased significantly in TR. 3) RMR increased significantly in TR, regardless of unit expressing the RMR. 4) No significant changes were found in TT4 and FFA, whereas NOR decreased significantly in TR (p<.001) and CON (p<.01). 5) Adiponectin and IL-6 decreased significantly in TR (p<.01) and CON (p<.01), whereas no significant change was found in TNF-α. Leptin was unaltered in TR, but increased significantly in CON. It was concluded that 12 weeks of resistance exercise would be beneficial for long-term body weight management by enhancing metabolic rate in resting state. Research investigating the mechanism explaining the enhancement, besides to TT4, FFA, and NOR, would be needed. Investigation elucidating the effects of resistance exercise training on adipocytokines would be also warranted.

중탄소강 연주주편의 코너크랙 저감 기술

강신언(Shin Eon Kang),김성연(Seong Yun Kim),조재완(Jae Wan Cho),이현제(Hyun Je Lee) 대한금속재료학회 1999 大韓金屬學會會報 Vol.12 No.3

N/A

폐경 전 여성의 흡연습관에 따른 심혈관계 위험인자, 골밀도 및 건강체력에 관한 비교 연구

김형돈(Hyung Don Kim),이신언(Shin Eon Lee),김창선(Chang Sun Kim),이강구(Kang Gu Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.33

골프장의 서비스품질이 서비스가치, 고객만족 및 고객애호도에 미치는 영향

최희연(Hee Yoen Choi),이신언(Shin Eon Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2012 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.47

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of service quality of golf course on service value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. For this purpose, this study used convenience sampling method with the 300 subjects who used membership and public golf course in Seoul and Gyeonggi area and chose 279 questionnaires excluding 21 unsuitable for the data. These data were processed using SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 7.0. After test of goodness of model fit and verifying individual hypothesis. The results were as followings. First, service quality had a significant effect on service value. Second, service quality had a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Third, service quality had a significant effect on customer loyalty. Fourth, service value had a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Fifth, service value had a significant effect on customer loyalty. Sixth, customer satisfaction had a significant effect on customer loyalty.