통합DB를 활용한 청년운전자의 위험도 실증분석

김태호 ( Tae Ho Kim ),이수일 ( Soo Ii Lee ),최병호 ( Byong Ho Choe ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2012 한국안전학회지 Vol.27 No.5

Traffic accident risk of young drivers(less than 25) is reported to have 8 times as high as that of middle aged drivers (between 30 and 49). Despite the rise of traffic accident risk, few have been attempted to take a look into driving characteristics of young drivers, The purpose of this paper is to analyze age-specific risks of young driver by means of database of insurance and vehicle inspection, thereby collecting data such as age, vehicle mileage, injuries and so on, We conducted Data-Mining (CART) and Portfolio analysis according to age groups (every 10 years). The conclusions which can be drawn from this empirical study are as follows: (1) Despite the fact that young drivers have low vehicle mileage, the rate of fatality is relatively high. (2) Being concerned of vehicle mileage, 24,000km of driving experience is thought to be critical in differing in fatality rate. Having annual average mileage fewer than 24,169 km, accident frequency is relatively lower than that exceeding 24,169 km (1,571 cases). Backed upon these, some recommendations about driver`s license system for young driver to improve are given.

Portfolio 분석을 활용한 자동차 검사의 부적합항목에 대한 위험도분석

최경임 ( Kyung Im Choi ),김태호 ( Tae Ho Kim ),이수일 ( Soo Ii Lee ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2012 한국안전학회지 Vol.27 No.4

Vehicle Inspection System is to examine the condition of vehicle regularly at the national level to protect lives and properties of the people from traffic accidents due to vehicle`s fault. However, the vehicle inspection method, criteria, period and effectiveness have become a controversial issue because of examining safety management of vehicle by drivers regardless of regular vehicle inspection, Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate vehicle inspection timeliness and risk level of inspection items through basic statistical survey and portfolio analysis, The results of the research through practical analysis are: (1) The inspection failure rates between 3 and 6 model year tend to increase. (2) The failure of inspection items for safety highly impacts on traffic accident rate in terms of accident risks. (3) According to the result of portfolio analysis, faulty items located 1st quadrant are riding device, driveline system, controlling device, steering actuator, and fuel system.

근육이완제가 안압에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 고찰

이수일,황규현,김용락,권무일,곽일용 대한마취과학회 1976 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.9 No.2

Since succinyl choline was introduced, into clinical anesthesia, it has been used as main muscle relaxant because of its rare side effects and short duration of action. Our interest in the effects of this drug on extraocular muscles and intraocular pressure began in 1957 following reports of vitreous expulsion in patients who received succinylcholine during ocular surgery. The effects of muscle relaxants on the intraocular pressure were studied in 60 healthy human sub jects. When succinylcholine was given alone, 20 human subjcts had a mean increase in intraocular pressure of 10. 5 mmHg. When gallamine 2. 5 mg/kg or pancuronium 80 μg/kg was used, 20 subjects showed a mean decrease of 3. 1 mm Hg from control. Giving gallamine (20 mg) or dtubo curarine(3 mg) 2-3 minutes prior to the administration of succinylcholine, 20 human subjects had no significant change in intraocular pressue. This simple method prevents the increase in intraocular pressure associated with the use of succinylcholine.

뇌동맥류가 파열된 산모에 제왕절개술과 뇌동맥류 클리핑을 동시에 시행한 마취관리

이수일,황기백,이정유,허재택,배승환 대한마취과학회 1997 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.32 No.3

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a pregnant woman is a rare catastrophic situation that places both the mother and fetus at high risk. When this situation arises, numerous relevant issues must be individualized in the effort to reduce hazards threatening both the mother and fetus. A 29 year old woman who was 39 weeks pregnant presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage, secondary to a ruptured left ophthalmic artery aneurysm. Following initial full recovery, the simultaneous sequence of cesarean section followed by aneurysmal clipping was electively underwent. Successful maternal and perinatal outcome was achieved. The anesthetic management of the case is described and discussed. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 32: 463∼466)

아이소플루렌과 엔플루렌 마취중 ST-분절의 변이

이수일 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.34 No.4

Background: Isoflurane and enflurane have different activity on the cytoplasmic calcium movements of a cardiac muscle cell and a vascular smooth muscle cell. Isoflurane is less depressive in cardiac contraction, and more potent in vasodilation than enflurane. This study is to elucidate the effects of these anesthetics on the ST-segment displacement. Methods : The anesthesia was induced by the intravenous injection of thiopental(6 mg·kg 1) and pipecuronium(0.1 mg·kg 1). The patients(n=80) undergoing tympanoplasty were randomly allocated to two groups for the maintenance methods: Group I was inhaled with isoflurane(1∼2%), O2(2 L·min 1), and N2O(2 L·min 1), Group II, enflurane(1.5∼2.5%), O2 and N2O. Continuous electrocardiographic recordings with Holter monitor were made during anesthesia. The recordings were scanned on an Avionics Electrocardioscanner with particular emphasis on ST-segment changes. The criteria describe an episode as ST-segment displacement greater than or equal to 0.1 mV measured 80 ms fpoint lasting for more than 1 minutes. Mean heart rate was calculated. Results were categorized as induction, maintenance, and emergence, and inferred from unpaired t-test, χ2-test, and Mann-Whitney U test with p<0.05 considered significant. Results : Enflurane had higher incidence of ST-segment depression during induction, more maximally depressed ST-segment during maintenance and slower heart rate during induction and maintenance than isoflurane. Conclusion : It could be suggested that enflurane make stronger influence on the ST-segment depression than isoflurane. However, the clinical significance remains to be studied. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 745∼750)

Isoflurane 의 최소폐포농도에 대한 Nalbuphine 의 효과

이종환,이수일,황기백,이정유 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.34 No.5

Background : The present study was performed to elicit what effect nalbuphine would have on isoflurane MAC(minimum alveolar concentration) in the patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Methods : Sixty-two women were randomly allocated to one of five study groups to receive an intravenous injection of no nalbuphine (group I), 0.25 mg/kg (group II), 0.5 mg/kg (group III), 1.0 mg/kg (group IV), 1.5 mg/kg (group V). Anesthesia and tracheal intubation were induced with propofol 2 mg/kg, succinylcholine 1 mg/kg. Patients were inhaled at a preset end-tidal concentration of isoflurane, which was maintained for 20 min. Response to skin incision, movement or no movement, was determined 30 minutes after nalbuphine injection. The isoflurane concentration of the next patient in the same group moved up or down in steps of 0.1∼0.3%, according to the previous patient's response. MAC was determined using the $quot;up-down$quot; method and logistic regression. Results : The MAC's of isoflurane were 1.09 vol% end-tidal in the cntrol group, 0.89 vol% in group II, 0.65 vol% in group III, 0.55 vol% in group IV, and 0.51 vol% in group V. Conclusions : It would be suggested that nalbuphine dose-dependently reduce the isoflurane MAC, and have ceiling effect on the reduction of isoflurane MAC. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 937∼943)

복강경하 담낭절제술시 복강내 투여한 국소마취제의 술후 진통효과

이용우,박한석,황호용,이수일,황기백 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.34 No.2

Background : Although pain after cholecystectomy was reduced significantly since the advent of laparoscopic surgery, many patients still complain of moderate pain after the surgery. Recently intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetics is known as safe, simple, and effective method of treatment for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy Methods : Three groups are randomized; group I (normal saline 80 ml), group II (0.5% lidocaine 80 ml 1:400,000 epinephrine) and group III (0.125% bupivacaine 80 ml 1:400,000 epinephrine). Local anesthetics are instilled via subdiaphragmatic trocar hole just after creation of carboperitoneum. Visual analogue scale(VAS), total used analgesics amount, time to first analgesics request, time to out of first flatus and complications are compared. Lidocaine blood concentrations are checked in five cases of the patients after lidocaine instillation. Results: The VAS was insignificant among groups except 3 hr, 6 hr postoperatively. Time to first analgesics request are prolonged in lidocaine and bupivacaine group. Used analgesics amount are significantly less in lidocaine group than control group. Time to out of first flatus was significantly shorter in bupivacaine group. No significant complications were noted. The blood concentration of lidocaine were variable and the highest concentration in five of one case was 1.8 g/ml. Conclusions : Although intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetics is simple, safe method for controlling pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, it is not so much effective because of dilution with irrigating saline and suctioning intraoperatively and postoperative scavenging by evacuator. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 413∼417)

소아에서 비강, 구강, 직장내 Midazolam 의 전처치 효과 비교

정찬종,이수일,여광환,황기백 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.34 No.4

Background : When appropriate premedication is required for pediatric patients, the route of drug administration and the patient's age may affect the drug response. This study was designed to evaluate the premedicative effects of intranasal, oral, and rectal midazolam in preschool(1∼6 year) and school (6.1∼10 year) ages. Methods : One hundred fourteen children aged 1∼10 years were randomly allocated into three groups to receive midazolam via intranasal (0.3 mg/kg), oral (1.0 mg/kg), or rectal (1.0 mg/kg) route. Sedation scores were evaluated at the arrival in preanesthetic room, drug administration, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min after drug administration, separation from parent, mask application, and induction with inhalational agent. Time to sedation scores of 3 and 4 and time to complete recovery from general anesthesia were recorded. Results: At the drug administration, the incidence of crying was significantly higher in nasal group than in oral and rectal groups, especially in pre-school age group (87.5, 23.5. 9% for nasal, oral and rectal groups, respectively). At 5, 10 and 20 min after drug administration, sedation scores were significantly higher in nasal and rectal groups than in oral group. At separation, mask application and inhalational induction, sedation scores were significantly higher in oral and rectal groups than in nasal group. Time to sedation score of 3 and time to complete recovery were significantly longer in oral group than in nasal and rectal groups. Conclusions: In pre-school age, almost all the children cried at drug administration in nasal group, and onset and recovery were prolonged in oral group, so rectal route was suitable. In school age, nasal route was appropriate because of the lower frequency of crying at the drug administration and rapid onset and recovery. In overall age, rectal route was better because of the lower frequency of crying and rapid onset and recovery. This study suggests that administration route should be considered according to the age of pediatric patient to obtain appropriate premedication for pediatric patients. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 730∼738)

개심술시 AaDO2 변화에 관한 연구

김규삼,이수일,김광우,이건일 대한마취과학회 1978 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.11 No.1

Changes of alveolar-arterial oxygen tension differences (AaDO2) after 35 cases of open heart surgery were evaluated with durations of extracorporeal circulation and prognosis. Following results were obtained. 1) AaDO2 values of pre-bypass in fatal open geart cases were higher than in survival cases. 2) AaDO2 values of post-bypass were similar and noted no correlation to progonsis. 3) Luration of extracorporeal bypass time in fatal cases were longer than in survival cases. 4) Changes of AaDO2 values after extracorporeal circulation were much correlated to AaDO2 of pre-bypass than those of post-bypass.

아이소플루렌은 엔플루렌보다 심부정맥 발생율이 낮다

김상범,김승수,이창열,이나경,이수일,김종성 대한마취과학회 1997 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.32 No.3

Background : There is difference between isoflurane and enflurane in the myocardial sensitization to catecholamines, and their actions on the heart. Enflurane reduces cytoplasmic calcium more than isoflurane. The hypothesis could be suggested that these two volatile anesthetics might cause the different incidences and natures of cardiac arrhythmias. Methods : The anesthesia was induced by the intravenous injection of thiopental(6 mg·kg-1) and pipecuronium(0.1 mg·kg-1). Two groups were randomly allocated to the patients(n=80) in the maintenance: Group I inhaled isoflurane(1∼2%), O2(2 L), and N2O(2 L), Group II, enflurane (1.5∼2.5%). Continuous electrocardiographic recordings with Holter monitor were made of those undergoing tympanoplasty during anesthesia. The tapes recorded were scanned using analyzer, and we read out ECG complexes on the screen. Results were categorized as induction, maintenance, and emergence, and inferred from unpaired t-test, and χ2-test with p$lt;0.05 considered significant. Results: results were as follows: 1) The total incidence of cardiac arrhythmias was 65.0%. Isoflurane(52.5%) was lower than enflurane(77.5%) in the incidence. 2) During maintenance and emergence, isoflurane was lower than enflurane in the frequency of supraventicular arrhythmias. 3) Ventricular arrhythmias most frequently occurred in induction. 4) The frequency of supraventricular arrhythmias was more than two times that of ventricular ones. The arrhythmias at the AV junction were the most common, and VPC's the second. Conclusions : Greatest caution should be paid during peri-induction. It could be suggested that compared to enflurane, isoflurane better be administered for those to whom arrhythmias could be harmful. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 32: 370∼376)