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초등 영어 학습에서 실제 자료와 제작 자료의 효과 고찰
이삭(Lee Sak) 한국초등영어교육학회 2016 초등영어교육 Vol.22 No.2
This research investigates the effects of authentic materials and artificial materials on English learning in the primary school classrooms in terms of language learning, task involvement, and learner interest. The two types of materials were alternately used to teach English to 38 students in the two intact classes of grade 6 in a counterbalanced manner. The effects of material types were tested through language skills (i.e., speaking, listening, reading, and writing), observation scales, surveys and interviews in order to see if there are any differential effects on leaners. A confounding variable was the learner’s level of English proficiency. The statistical analyses of data revealed that there were significant interactional effects between the type of material and the learner level. For the upper-level learners, authentic materials were effective only in listening with no significant differences in the other skills. For the mid-level learners, artificial materials were effective only in writing with no differences in the other skills. For the low-level learners, artificial materials worked much more effectively on all four skills. As for task involvement, the upper-level learners obtained higher scores with authentic materials whereas the low-level learners did so with artificial materials. The mid-level learners showed no statistical differences in the type of material. As for learner interest, the upper-level learners showed more interests with authentic materials, whereas the low-level learners did so with artificial materials. The mid-level learners did not show any preferences for the type of material. This study suggests that teachers need to take careful consideration of learner level when exploiting teaching materials in English classes.
비디오 컨퍼런싱 활용 영미아동문학 기반 세계시민교육: 학습자의 인식 분석 및 초등영어교육에의 활용 방안
이삭(Lee, Sak),윤택남(Yoon, Tecnam) 한국초등영어교육학회 2021 초등영어교육 Vol.27 No.3
This study conducted English and American children’s literature based global citizenship education using video conferencing technology. By doing so, the researchers aimed to investigate the learners’ production traits, the formation process of global citizenship and learners’ perceptions. To accomplish the purpose, the researchers chose three topics related to global citizenship education and four books containing those themes. Learners’ reflection journal writings, transcribed oral presentation data, and pre- and post-survey results of learners’ global citizenship were collected and analyzed. The results were as follows. First, learners were found to react to the literature upon their prior experiences and knowledge. Also, they use language as a mediating tool to activate their thinking skills, rather than as a learning object. While participating the activities, learners’ oral and written production were found to be unbalanced. Second, learners global citizenship were developed based on four stages: emotional empathy, hope for the problem solving and change, an application to their lives, and the practice of social solidarity actions. Lastly, based on the results, the effective ways to apply English and American children’s literature based global citizenship education using video conferencing on primary English education were sought.
CW 신호 간 주파수 간격 조정을 통한 MF R-Mode 성능 향상 연구
이삭(Lee Sak),신장환(Shin Jang Hwan),안재민(Ahn Jae Min) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2
본 논문은 글로벌 해양 분야에서 위성항법시스템(GNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System)의 백업항법시스템으로 주목받고 있는 중파(MF, Medium Frequency) 위성항법보정시스템(DGNSS, Differential Global Navigation Satellite System) 을 개량한 지상파통항항법시스템(R-Mode, Ranging-Mode) CW 신호의 주파수 간격 조정을 제안하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 수신부에서의 위상 및 거리 추정 성능이 향상될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.
이삭(Sak LEE),이동원(Dong-Won LEE),김병지(Byung-Ji KIM),권순범(Soon-Bum KWON) 대한기계학회 2005 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2005 No.11
Jets issuing from a conventional nozzle and convergent nozzles of a constant expansion rates and a certain normal using an annular slit are compared to investigate the characteristics of the 3 jets. In experiments, to compare the characteristics between jets, the nozzle exit mean velocity is fixed as 90㎧. The pressures along the jet axis and radial directions is measured by scanning valve system moving with 3-axis auto-traverse unit, and the velocity distribution can be obtained by calculation from the measured static and total pressures. To obtain the highly stable and convergency jets, a nozzle has to be designed with an annular slit connected to an conical cylinder, furthermore, the flow through aconstant expansion rate nozzle using annular slit is the most probable. And the pressure drop along the nozzle for the constant expansion rate nozzle is small.