이정수의 1811년 연행과 대외 인식의 노정

이명제(Lee, Myung-jae) 한국사학회 2016 史學硏究 Vol.0 No.123

명청교체 이후 조선 지식인들은 조선을 중화문명의 유일한 계승자로 격상시키기 위해 다양한 노력들을 경주하였다. 조선 지식인들의 노력은 종족ㆍ지리ㆍ문화적 측면에서 중화의 지위를 획득하는 방식으로 이루어졌는데, 그 중에서도 문화적 측면에 가장 많은 노력을 기울였다. 또 다른 한편에서는 청을 어떻게 사유할 것인가에 대한 논의도 지속적으로 이어졌다. 하지만 중화문화를 내면화하는 문제가 비교적 순조롭게 진행된 것과 달리 청에 대한 인식의 차이는 커져만 갔다. 즉 청조의 치세가 안정 될수록 이념과 현실 사이에서 청을 사유하는 방식이 분화되기 시작한 것이다. 李鼎受(1783~1834)가 활동하였던 19세기 전반의 서울지역은 다양한 사유들이 충돌하던 시․공간이었다. 한편에서는 18세기 후반 청 문물의 수용을 주장하였던 북학파들의 영향력이 아직 남아있었지만, 다른 한편에서는 辛酉邪獄등을 통해 새로운 사상이 탄압당하고 외척 가문 중심의 권세가들이 정치적 주도권을 획득하고 있었다. 이정수는 18세기 조선 지식인들의 다양한 견해를 수용해서 자신만의 독특한 대청관을 내놓았다. 그는 우선 조선의 역사와 문화적 전통을 강조하는 한편 고조선의 지리적 강역을 공유하고 있었던 청과 경계 짓기를 시도하였다. 이를 통해 청은 ‘이적’으로서의 정체성을 부여받았다. 이적으로서의 청의 지위는 오삼계론을 통해 다시 한 번 확인되었다. 이정수는 송시열과 김창업, 그리고 일부 북학파에 의해 이루어진 오삼계에 대한 긍정과 청에 대한 이해를 강력하게 비판하였다. 하지만 세계질서에 대한 이정수의 이해는 전통적인 시각과 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이정수는 외국조빙조에서 중국 정사 외국전의 전통에 따라 중국과 해외제국들에 대한 조공․책봉 관계를 강조하였던 것이다. 또한 이정수는 서역에 대한 강한 반감을 드러내었다. 그는 서양의 학문을 금수의 가르침이라고 표현하며 西洋禽獸論을 전개한다. 즉 이정수의 대외인식은 전통적인 중화와 이적의 구도가 여전히 큰 지분을 차지하고 있으며, 이것이 세계의 영역으로 확장되면서 儒學과 西學, 혹은 反儒學의 새로운 기준으로 전환됨을 알 수 있다. 이는 이정수의 문화적 화이관이 19세기 전반의 정치․사회적 상황과 긴밀한 연관을 맺으며 확장된 결과라고 이해할 수 있을 것이다. After the Ming-Qing transition, Chosun’s intellects made efforts to elevate Chosun as the only successor of Chinese civilization. Their efforts were made in a way to acquire the status of being China in racial, geographical, and cultural aspects, and among them, the utmost effort was made culturally. Meanwhile, they also discussed how to deem Qing continuously. Although the matter of internalizing Chinese culture proceeded rather smoothly, their awareness of Qing differed further. In other words, as the reign of Qing became stabilized, the way of deeming Qing between ideology and reality began to be divided. In Seoul during the beginning of the 19th century when Lee Jeong-soo (李鼎受: 1783~1834) worked actively, a variety of ideas conflicted. Even though Bukhak School insisting the acceptance of Qing’s civilization in the late 18th century was still influential, new ideas were suppressed through Sinyusaok (辛酉邪獄) or such and the powerful centered around the families of maternal relatives were obtaining the political lead. Lee Jeong-soo accepted diverse opinions from Chosun intellects in the 18th century and presented his own unique view to Qing. First of all, he emphasized Chosun’s history and cultural tradition, and then, he tried setting boundary from Qing which was sharing territory with Gochosun geographically. Through this, Qing was assigned with its identity as ‘ijeok’. Qing’s status as ijeok was once again verified by Osamgyeron. Lee Jeong-soo did severely criticize the affirmation of Osamgye practiced by Song Siyeol and Kim Changeop and some of the Bukhak School members and reconsideration on understanding of Qing. However, Lee Jeong-soo’s understanding of world order was not very different from the traditional viewpoint. Lee Jeong-soo did stress the relations of jogong․installation towards China and foreign empires according to the tradition of political affairs to China in Oegukjobingjo. Also, Lee Jeong-soo revealed his severe hostility against the West. Insisting that Western sciences are the teachings of birds and beasts, he developed Seoyanggeumsuron (西洋禽獸論). In brief, Lee Jeong-soo’s awareness of foreign countries was still significantly grounded on the traditional structure of China and igeok, and when this is extended to the scope of the world, it is converted to the new criteria of Confucianism (儒學), Seohak (西學), and anti-Confucianism (反儒學). This can be understood as the result of Lee Jeong-soo’s cultural Hwaigwan closely associated with the political and social situations of the early 19th century and becoming extended.

다양한 형태의 버너를 이용한 수증기개질기의 고효율화 연구

이명용(Myeong-yong Lee),이지홍(Ji-hong Lee),이상석(Sang-seok Lee),이진석(Jin-seok Lee),이도형(Do-hyung Lee) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.11

The purpose of this study is to develop a highly-efficient and compact steam reformer for PEMFC changing the burner types. For the purpose some of the Can type flat burners were adopted and the results were compared with 'O' company's typical cylinderical flat burner. We used commercial STAR-CD tools for numerical calculation. We found the optimum Can type STR burner and this type of burner was highly efficient comparing with typical burner.

나말려초 (羅末麗初) 성주지방의 호족세력

이명식(Myung Sik Lee) 대구사학회 2001 대구사학 Vol.65 No.1

It might be at the age of Queen Chinseong that the present 5eongju District began to be freed from the rule of the Central Government. And then, it might be inferred, when Later Packjae attacked and occupied 10 castles or so south of II-sung Commencery at the 11th year of King Hyogong, that Seongju began to be influenced by Later Packjae. At that time, however, Later Packjae was unable to keep on holding the territory which it took from Sillla, so the present Seongju District was ruled by the lord who extended his power and called himself a General. After that, it is obvious that Seongju District was influenced againby Later Packjae from about 4th year of King Kyoungmyoung(920 A.D.), equal to the period when Koryeo and Later Packjae was in the rivals each other. But Seongju became to be under the rule of Korea, aftert Ryangmun, General of Pyuckjin Comrnendery, yielded to Koryung in the ?th year of King Kyoungmyoung(924). In the first year of King, Kyoungae(924), Koryeo and Later Packjae committed a battle for a long period at Jomoo Castle, and General Lee in Later Packjae, local gentry in Seongju District, yielded to Koryeo, which turned the battle favorable to Koryeo. After the Battle of Gongsan, offering a route of retreat to King, Wang Keon who lost in the battle, he contributed much to King, Wang Keon, On one hand, when Lee Chong-eon, General of Pyuckjin Commendery, fought against Koryeo at the Battle of Chomul Castle, his son, Lee Young joined in the battle and served greatly to gain victory for Koryeo. King, Wang Keon rewarded him far his distinguished services at the battle, and appointed him as General Boneup and as Samjungdaekwang. What Lee Neung-il had achieved, can be revealed from a lot off history books written at the middle period of Lee Dynasty, but his name, life and achievements are not written in the Samgaoksaki and Koryeosa which are the basic historical materials. Therefore, the writer concluded that Lee Neung-il might be considered as Lee Neung-mun who can be traced and identified from the basic historical documents, who yielded to Koryeo in the second year of King Kyoungae(925) and was appointed as Seangsangun and ruled Kyaungsan Commendery.

몽골 석조문화유산의 비파괴 진단기술 현장적용과 보존관리

이명성(Myeong Seong Lee),유지현(Ji Hyun Yoo),권혁남(Hyuk Nam Kwon),AMGALANTUGS Tsend 대한지질학회 2017 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

체육대학생의 스포츠 자신감 및 심동적 과잉흥분성이 스포츠 몰입행동에 미치는 영향

이명자(Myung Ja Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2012 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.50

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of sport confidence and psychomotor overexcitability on the sport commitment behavior of university students majoring in physical education. Participants for this study were 369 university students majoring in physical education. For the statistical analyses, t-test, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used. Male students showed higher degree in the sport confidence, psychomotor overexcitability and sport commitment behavior than female students. The influence of the mental/physical preparation and coach leadership and psychomotor overexcitability was statistically significant on both the cognitive commitment and the behavioral commitment. Differences between male and female were found in the influence of sport confidence and psychomotor overexcitability on the cognitive and behavioral sport commitment. The influence of sport confidence and psychomotor overexcitability on the sport commitment behavior was also significant. There were different patterns between male and female in the influence of sport confidence and psychomotor overexcitability on the sport commitment behavior.

러시아어 억양구 연구

이명자 ( Myoung Ja Lee ) 한국외국어대학교 러시아연구소 2011 슬라브연구 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 단순한 러시아어 억양구 연구를 넘어 음성학적 데이터를 바탕으로 음운이론과 제약에 의해 보편화시킨 작업으로 음성학과 음운론의 상호 연관까지를 고려한 연구라 하겠다. 또한 기존의 러시아어 억양구 연구가 통사-의미론적인 접근이 주로 이루어진 반면, 본 연구에서는 순수하게 음성-음운론적으로 접근하였다. 본 연구에서는 억양구의 개념과 운율 계층에서의 위치 등을 정의하였고 음성학적 분석을 통해 억양 요소가 되는 피치와 음의 길이, 휴지 등을 살펴 적합한 억양구 경계를 설정하였다. 또한 억양구를 이루기 위한 최적한 형태를 찾기 위해 보편제약들을 이용해 러시아어 발화 특성에 맞게 적용시킴으로써 동일한 발화에서 서로 다르게 나타날 수 있는 억양구들 중 가장 최적한 억양구 분절을 찾아낼 수 있게 하였다.

음식물 침출수 청정화를 위한 파일롯 규모의 생물-분리막 복합공정의 성능 평가 연구

이명구(Myunggu Lee),박철환(Chulhwan Park),이도훈(Dohoon Lee),김탁현(Tak-Hyun Kim),이병환(Byunghwan Lee),이진원(Jinwon Lee),김상용(Sangyong Kim) 한국생물공학회 2008 KSBB Journal Vol.23 No.1

러시아어 억양과 의미

이명자 ( Myoung Ja Lee ) 한국외국어대학교 러시아연구소 2012 슬라브연구 Vol.28 No.2

본 연구에서는 화자가 발화함에 있어 특정 의미를 전달할 때 특정 음조를 사용한다고 가정하여 억양 의미는 음조를 구성하는 피치 악센트와 구 성조, 그리고 경계 성조의 결합에서 온다는 관점으로 러시아어 억양과 의미의 관계를 살펴보았다. 모국어 화자들의 자연스런 발화들을 음성 분석하여 나타난 데이터를 근거로 연구한 결과 러시아어 억양에는 다음과 같은 피치 악센트와 경계 성조가 존재한다. H*, L*의 단일 성조,H*+L(H+L*)과 L*+H(L+H*)의 이중 성조, H%와 L%의 경계 성조. 피치 악센트의 H*는 새로운 정보의 의미를 지니는 어휘의 확인이나 가부를 묻거나 답하는 어휘에서 가장 많이 찾아볼 수 있고, 도움이나 지지를 요청할 때도 사용되며 아울러 텍스트의 비종결성을 의미하기도 한다. L*는 발화의 문맥에서 더 이상 새롭거나 흥미를 유발하는 것이 아닌단순한 화제에서 나타난다. 이중 성조는 억양 의미에서 단일 성조와 크게 다른 점이 상승이나하강의 억양을 통해 강세 받는 항목의 두드러짐을 강조하여 표현하는 것이다. 러시아어 음조 구성소에서 중간구는 정의부터 애매해지며 따라서 구 성조 역시 의미가 없다. 단지 억양구에 대한정보인 경계 성조만이 정보 전달의 의미를 갖는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 억양음조 각 구성소의 의미 각각이 결합된 의미가 하나의 발화가 나타내는 억양 의미라고 가정하고 러시아어 발화에서 피치 악센트와 경계 성조 각각이 결합하여 어떻게 억양 의미를 나타내는지를 설명하는 복합적 접근 방식을 제안했다. This study attempts to present pitch accents with natural-sounding speech analyses as well as to explain the connection between intonation and meaning in Russian. In order to achieve these goals, a theory of intonational meaning for English (Pierrehumbert, 1980). According to this model, each pitch accent, phrase accent, and boundary tones are seen as the morphemes which have their own pragmatic meaning; the meaning, conveyed by an entire melody, is therefore compositional and depends on the contributions from all tones. Four kinds of Russian pitch accents are proposed in this paper. Moreover pitch accents are combined with boundary tones in order to determine the intonational contour. Russian has two boundary tones. The following table shows how Russian pitch accents are engaged. In Russian discourse, pitch accents are used to describe intonation, such as methods of conveying surprise, changing a statement into a question, expressing information flow (topic-focus, contrasting), or accentuating speaker`s feelings, using variations in pitch. This study might explain the similarities in meaning which conveyed by the identical components in different melodies. Since the numerous data rely on thephonetic ``Praat`` analyses of Russian native speakers, it could be more easily amenable to the understanding of the relationship between the meaning and compositional tonal combinations.

농업R&D 거버넌스 효율성 제고 및 민간 투자 활성화 방안(2/2차년도)

이명기(Lee Myoungki),김수석(Kim Soosuk),박지연(Park Jiyun),윤성은(Yoon Sungeun),김화영(Kim Hwayoung) 한국농촌경제연구원 2015 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

스마트폰 앱 스토어의 서비스 품질이 재구매 의도에 미치는 요인에 관한 실증연구

이명무(Myung Moo Lee),이건창(Kun Chang Lee) 한국IT서비스학회 2015 한국IT서비스학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Recent trends of mobile convergence has already brought about many changes in our digitally-powered society. Especially, taking advantage of strengths of existing mobile devices and smart phones have already been established as a primary standard in the business intelligence world. Such high-powered digital devices equipped with mobile convergence functions are getting more momentum as app stores are prevailing. Basically, the app stores are administered by smart phone manufacturers, creating a new business ecosystem among app developers and endusers. However, there are paucity of studies tackling an issue about how users' repurchase intention of the apps is influenced by the service qualities of the app stores. In this respect, this study aims to investigate the effect of app store service quality on users' satisfaction and repurchase intention. As the value of loyal customers is incomparably high in app commerce, winning customers’ loyalty is vital to the success of app stores. In this study, a customer is defined as one who has purchased goods or services at least once from the app stores. The proposed research model includes a number of constructs such as app perceptions, customer service, perceived ease of use, design, promotion, perceived consumer risk and connectivity. Empirical results revealed that perceived consumer risk has a negative relationship with consumer's perceived repurchase intention. All the other variables-app perceptions, customer service, perceived ease of use, design, promotion, connectivity- are found to be positively related with the repurchase intentions.