http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
이기종 ( Ki Jong Lee ),오성덕 ( Sung Dug Oh ),손수인 ( Soo In Sohn ),류태훈 ( Tae Hun Ryu ),박종석 ( Jong Sug Park ),이장용 ( Jang Yong Lee ),조현석 ( Hyun Suk Cho ),안병옥 ( Byung Ohg Ahn ) 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.2
유전자변형 작물을 종자로 판매하거나 식품, 사료 혹은 가공용으로 이용하기 위해서는 반드시 관련 기관의 승인을 받아야 한다. 관련부처에서는 유전자변형 작물의 승인에 앞서 환경위해성 평가 자료가 과학적으로 타당한지 검토한다. 환경위해성 평가 중 유전자변형 작물이 토양 미생물 군집에 미치는 영향은 충분히 연구되지 못한 분야이다. 최근 토양 환경내 미생물 군집의 특성을 연구하기 위한 발전된 방법들이 개발되고 있다. 배양에 의존적인 또는 비의존적인 기술에 의한토양 미생물의 군집 특성을 조사한 연구와 유전자변형 작물의 환경위해성 평가 적용 가능성을 고찰하였다. 유전자변형 작물의 토양미생물 영향 평가는 사안별 평가 원칙에 의해 이루어져야 한다. 신뢰할 수 있고 상세한 토양 미생물 평가가 이루어지기 위해서는 다양한 분석 방법의 조합이 필요하다. BACKGROUND: Genetically modified (GM) crops must receive relevant regulator`s authorization before they can be sold as seed or used food, feed and processing. Before approving any GM crop, the relevant government ministries are required to examine environmental risk assessment to make scientifically sound and socially acceptable decisions. But one of the least studied and understood areas in the environmental risk assessment of GM crops are their impact on soil microbial community. METHODS AND RESULTS: Recently, advanced methods have been developed to characterize the soil microbial community in various environments. In this study, the culture-dependent and culture-independent technical approaches for profiling soil microbial communities are summarized and their applicability to assess GM crops are discussed. CONCLUSION(S): We concluded that the effect of GM crops on soil microbial community need to be assessed on a case by case basis. The combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent method was necessary for reliable and detailed assessment of effect of GM crops on soil microbial community.
기업결합심사기준상 기업결합 유형별 경쟁제한성 판단기준에 대한 검토
이기종 ( Ki Jong Lee ) 한국상사판례학회 2012 상사판례연구 Vol.25 No.2
The revised merger guidelines, which took effect in December 2012, reinforced the standard to estimate the adverse competitive effect which is commonly applicable to various types of mergers. For instance, the revision created an independent chapter for the factors mitigating anti-competitive effect of mergers which were previously dealt with under the chapter for horizontal mergers. But, at the same time, the guidelines has endeavored to accommodate the recent developments on merger analysis which are specific to each type of mergers as follows. First, concerning horizontal mergers, the guidelines presents the standards of merger analysis that accommodate recent development in the methodology to estimate unilateral effect in differentiated markets, such as natural experiment, diversion ratio and merger simulation. And, about the coordinated effect, the guidelines recognize that a merger with a maverick could generate coordinated effect. Second, concerning vertical mergers, the guidelines consider foreclosure effect, including both input foreclosure and customer foreclosure, and coordinated effect. Third, concerning conglomerate mergers, the guidelines take into consideration overall effects on competition, such as harms to potential competition, exclusion of competitors and increase in entry barriers. Although the improvement of the merger guidelines thus far has been quite successful in accommodating recent developments in this area, there still is some room for further improvement to reflect state of the art methodologies in merger analysis. For example, the US horizontal merger guidelines were amended recently to reduce the weight of market definition and concentration ratio in merger analysis and open the door to a variety of new methodologies to directly estimate the adverse competitive effect of mergers. The US guidelines also take into consideration the effect of mergers on innovation.
ESR한 M2강의 열처리에 따른 미세조직 및 물성 변화
이기종 ( Ki Jong Lee ),김문현 ( Moon Hyun Kim ),이정근 ( Jeong Keun Lee ),주대헌 ( Dae Heon Joo ),김명호 ( Myung Ho Kim ) 한국주조공학회 2002 한국주조공학회지 Vol.22 No.6
N/A In order to investigate the variation of microstructure and property of the Electro-slag Remelted M2 steel, microstructure observation, hardness, and bending test were performed by using optical microscope. SEM/EDS, rockwell hardness tester, charpy impact tester and bending tester, respectively. It was revealed that the number of inclusions and content of gas elements(S, O, N) in M2 steel fabricated by ESR process decreased markedly compared to those of AIM. It seems to be due to refining effect of ESR process. The volume fraction of carbides in quenched and tempered specimens after austenitizing at at 1150℃ and 1240℃ was measured. The volume fraction of grain boundary carbides were found to be similar for both specimens. However, The volume fraction of carbides in grain decreased with an increase of austenitizing temperature. When specimen was austenitized at 1150℃, grain boundary carbides showed needle like morphology. But, the carbides were broken with an increase of austenitizing temperature. The specimen austenitized at 1240℃ showed higher hardness and lower bending strength compared to that of 1150℃. As expected, toughness increased with sub-zero quenching treatment.
각국의 문화차이와 카르텔 정책의 상호관계 -비교경제법에 있어서 비교문화심리학의 응용가능성-
이기종 ( Ki Jong Lee ) 한국경제법학회 2004 경제법연구 Vol.3 No.-
The national culture, which could be compared to the mental program for a nation’s citizens, exerts perpetual influences upon the nation’s competition policy. This article tries to test this hypothesis by applying the CVD framework of cross cultural psychology, which enables us to compare national cultures on statistical basis and on global scale. Quoting the OECD data on cartel policies, this article demonstrates the correlation between nations’ CVD index scores and the strictness of their cartel policies: the index of Uncertainty Avoidance shows negative correlation with the strictness of cartel policies, while the index of Individualism/Collectivism positive correlation; and a certain type of combination of high's and low’s in CVD index scores, which could be found in English speaking countries, has something to do with the strictness of cartel policies. This article goes on to suggest that an insight into the correlation between nations’ CVD index scores and their competition policies enables us to align competition policies with nations’ cultures for better performance of the former. And it also suggests that the CVD framework could help us to promote competition culture and coordinate the competition policies of nations.