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3 Dimensional Numerical Simulation for the Closed Loop Heat Pump System Using TOUGH2
김성균(Kim, Seong-Kyun),배광옥(Bae, Gwang-Ok),이강근(Lee, Kang-Kun) 한국신재생에너지학회 2006 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.11
To evaluate the effect of groundwater flow on the outlet temperature of a geothermal heat pump, 3 dimensional numerical simulations are performed considering both groundwater flow and pipe flow in the U-tube using TOUGHS, The present study involved the following 4 simulation cases (1) no groundwater flow, (2) slow groundwater flow (hydraulic conductivity: 1.0{times}10^{-9}m/s), (3) fast groundwater flow (hydraulic conductivity, 1.0{times}10^{-7}m/s), and (4) groundwater flow varying with the depth (hydraulic conductivity: 1.0{times}10^{-7}-1.0{times}10^{-10}m/s). The effect of groundwater flow on the outlet temperature is significant where hydraulic conductivity of aquifer is 1.0{times}10^{-7}m/s. Where hydraulic conductivity of aquifer is 1.0{times}10^{-10}m/s, however, that effect is negligible.
김정우,이강근,Kim, Jeong-Woo,Lee, Kang-Kun 한국지하수토양환경학회 2014 지하수토양환경 Vol.19 No.3
It is necessary to decide the pumping rate and pumping well location together with the capture zone in order to determine an appropriate groundwater remediation strategy to manage the contaminated groundwater. The relationship between the capture zone and the drawdown radius of influence ($ROI_s$) was considered. $ROI_{cs}$ is defined as the distance where the criteria of drawdown is cs meter from pumping well in this paper. A method to decide the required pumping rate for the remediation of contaminated groundwater in order to create appropriate $ROI_{cs}$ is suggested by using the Theis equation (1935) and Cooper-Jacob equation (1946). It was shown in this study that $ROI_{cs}$ is in proportion to the pumping rate and the criteria of drawdown, which decides $ROI_{cs}$, is inversely proportional to Ti value (transmissivity ${\times}$ hydraulic gradient). The pumping rate which creates the required $ROI_{cs}$ could be planned through the relationship between the $ROI_{cs}$ and pumping rates ($ROI_{cs}$-Q curve) of the field sites 1, 2 and 3. If the drawdown is investigated along with Ti value and pumping rate at a specific site where pump and treat remediation is planned, it is expected that the required criteria of drawdown can be evaluated by using the relationship between the cs and Ti (cs-Ti curve).
Modified TOUGHREACT를 이용한 지중 열교환기 내 순환 유체의 온도 분포 추정
김성균(Kim, Seong-Kyun),배광옥(Bae, Gwang-Ok),이강근(Lee, Kang-Kun),심병완(Shim, Byoung-Ohan),송윤호(Song, Yoon-Ho) 한국신재생에너지학회 2007 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.11
Inlet fluid temperature of the BRE in the geothermal heat pump system depends on heat exchange rate between the refrigerant of the heat pump and the leaving fluid from the BRE. Because the outlet fluid temperature of the BHE varies with time, inlet fluid temperature has to vary with time. In this study, the module to calculate inlet fluid temperature is developed, which can consider the time-varying outlet fluid temperature and the heat exchange capacity of the heat pump. It is assumed that heat loss or gain of the leaving fluid from outlet to inlet of the BHE is negligible, except when the fluid contacts with the refrigerant of the heat pump. This module is combined with TOUGHREACT, a widely accepted three-dimensional numerical simulator for heat and water flow and geochemical reactions in geothermal systems and is applied to data analyses of the thermal response test.
Development and Application of a Landfill Gas Migration Model
박유철,이강근,박철휘,김용우,Park, Yu-Chul,Lee, Kang-Kun,Park, Chul-Hwi,Kim, Yong-Woo The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental G 1996 자원환경지질 Vol.29 No.3
폐기물 매립지 내에셔 가스 흐름을 추정하기 위하여 수치 모델을 개발하였다. 가스 흐름은 밀도에 영향 받는 밀도류이고 매립지 내의 매체는 매우 불균질하므로 단순한 수학적 해법으로 가스 흐름을 추정하기 어렵다. Darcy 방정식과 절량 보존의 법칙을 결합하고 이상 기체 방정식을 도입하여 지배방정식을 만들어지고, 이 지배방정식을 유한요소법으로 풀이하였다. 정류상태 모의의 결과는 AIRFLOW 모델에 의한 모의 결과와 일치한다. 부정류 상태 모의 결과는 질량 보존 평가와 일정 시간 후의 결과를 정류상태의 결과와 비교하여 간접적으로 결과의 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 대우건설에서 1993년에 실시한 난지도 매립지 가스 추출 시험 결과를 모델을 사용하여 분석하였다. 개발된 모델은 1994년 재단법인 한국컴퓨터 프로그램 보호회에 등록되었다. numerical model is developed to estimate gas flow in the landfill site. Darcy's law, the mass conservation law, and the ideal gas state equation are combined to compose the governing equation for the steady-state and transient-state gas flows. The finite element method (FEM) is used as the numerical solution scheme. Two-dimensional radial symmetric triangular ring element is used to discretize the simulation domain. The steady state model developed in this study is compared with AIRFLOW that is a commercial model developed by Hydrologic Inc. Mass balance test is performed on the transient gas flow simulation. The developed model is applied to analyze the gas extraction experiment performed by Daewoo Institute of Construction Technology at the Nanjido landfill in 1993. The developed model was registered at Korea Computer Program Protection Foundation.
지중 열 교환기 운영 효율의 최적화를 위한 단순화 모델의 개발
김경호(Kim, Kyung-Ho),신지연(Shin, Ji-Youn),김성균(Kim, Seong-Kyun),이강근(Lee, Kang-Kun) 한국신재생에너지학회 2007 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.11
Efficiency of geothermal heat exchanger operation has close relation with temperature variation of the aquifer where the exchanger is installed. In the case of long-term operation, temperature distribution of the aquifer would be similar to that of water circulating in the exchanger, which causes the decrease of heat exchange rate. Therefore, the operation period of the heat exchanger should be controlled so that the temperature distribution of the aquifer is recovered. We developed a model to determine the operation period to acquire the optimal efficiency under the given aquifer condition. With this suggested method, when we use closed-loop heat exchanger, the operation efficiency of the geothermal heat exchanger is expected to be maximized by determining the optimal operation period.
지하수 히트펌프 시스템의 지중 환경관리를 위한 시추 슬라임의 원핵생물 유전자 다양성
김희정 ( Heejung Kim ),이시원 ( Siwon Lee ),박정희 ( Junghee Park ),전원탁 ( Won-tak Joun ),김재연 ( Jaeyeon Kim ),김홍현 ( Honghyun Kim ),이강근 ( Kang-kun Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2016 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.44 No.4
지하수의 열을 이용한 히트펌프 시스템에서는 열 효율 유지를 위한 클로깅 현상이 고려되어야 한다. 클로깅 현상은 토양·지하수 환경에서 이화학적 요인 외에도 미생물학적 요인으로 발생한다. 이번 연구에서는 안정적인 지하수 열원 냉난방 시스템 운영을 위하여, 대수층 수위강하의 영향을 받지 않는 지하 10 미터 지점에서 불교란 시추 슬라임의 초기상태 원핵생물 다양성을 조사하였다. 세균은 문 수준에서 Proteobacteria (20.8%), Acidobacteria (18.8%), Chloroflexi (16.9%) 및 Firmicutes (10.2%) 등으로 나타났고, 속 수준에서는 Koribacter속 등 144개속이 분석되었다. 고세균은 문 수준에서 Thaumarchaeota (42.8%), Crenarchaeota (36.9%) 및 Euryarchaeota (17.4%)이 나타났으며, 강 수준에서 약 69.4% 비율로 Miscellaneous Crenarchaeota Group (MCG), Finnish Forest Soil Type B (FFSB) 및 Thermoplasmata가 분석되었다. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs)는 세균 3,565 및 고세균 836 OTUs로 나타났고, 세균이 고세균에 비해 풍부하며 우점도가 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 관정 막힘 현상을 유발할 가능성 있는 세균 후보군 135개(1.9%) reads가 분석되었으며, 향후 클로깅 현상에 대한 연구에 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) systems must consider phenomena such as clogging to improve system efficiency and maintenance. In this study, we evaluated the prokaryotic diversity in a boring slime sample obtained at a depth of 10 m, which represented an undisturbed sample not affected by aquifer drawdown. Bacteria belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria (20.8%), Acidobacteria (18.8%), Chloroflexi (16.9%), and Firmicutes (10.2%) were found. Additionally, 144 species were identified as belonging to the genus Koribacter. Archaeal phyla were detected including Thaumarchaeota (42.8%), Crenarchaeota (36.9%), and Euryarchaeota (17.4%) and the class level comprised the miscellaneous Crenarchaeota group (MCG), Finnish forest soil type B (FFSB), and Thermoplasmata, which collectively accounted for approximately 69.4% of the detected Archaea. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were analyzed to reveal 3,565 bacterial and 836 archaeal OTUs, with abundances of 7.81 and 6.68, and richnesses of 5.96E-4 and 2.86E-3, respectively. The distribution of the groundwater microbial community in the study area showed a higher proportion of non-classified or unidentified groups compared to typical communities in surface water and air. In addition, 135 (approx. 1.9%) reads were assigned to a bacterial candidate associated with clogging.
경남 창녕군 증산리 일대 방사집수정을 활용한 강변 여과수 개발량 평가
이은희,현윤정,이강근,김형수,정재훈,Lee, Eun-Hee,Hyun, Yun-Jung,Lee, Kang-Kun,Kim, Hyoung-Soo,Jeong, Jae-Hoon 한국지하수토양환경학회 2010 지하수토양환경 Vol.15 No.4
Well production by a riverbank filtration facility with multi-radial collector well systems in Jeungsan-ri, Changnyeong gun, Korea was evaluated. In this study, the drawdown at collector wells due to pumping and groundwater inflow rates along the horizontal arms of the collector wells were computed through numerical simulations. Sensitivities of the well production to hydraulic conductivity and well flow coefficient, which represents the resistance to the flow from the aquifer to the horizontal arms, were analyzed. Simulation results showed that, with given proposed pumping rate conditions, the drawdown in the caisson exceeded maximum drawdown constraints in the study site and the adjustment of the pumping rate at each well is needed. The drawdown is affected by the hydraulic conductivity of the main aquifer and the well flow coefficient, which means the profound field investigation of the study site is needed to accurately estimate the efficiency of riverbank filtration through radial collector wells.