SWMM 과 희귀분석법에 의한 유역의 오염부하량 산정 비교

윤춘경(Chun Gyeong Yoon),전지홍(Ji Hong Jeon),함종화(Jong Hwa Ham) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Rating curve method and SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) were applied to estimate pollution loading from Hwa-Ong watershed in Kyunggi-Do. Sampling data from monitored sites were used to derive rating curves and calibrate SWMM, and they were applied to the whole watershed including non-monitored subcatchments. Overall, the results from these methods were comparable and the loadings were in the same range and the difference was acceptable considering complicated natural pollutant loading processes. However, inconsistency was observed among the subcatchments. The pollutant loading estimates from two subcatchments with similar area were almost identical in rating curve methods, while the difference was significant in SWMM methods. Rating curve method can be a reliable tool to estimate pollutant loading from watershed if it is fully monitored, but it may generate large error during extrapolation to non-monitored area. SWMM is a comprehensive hydrologic model with great diversity that it can incorporate watershed characteristics like land use effects which is not available in rating curve methods. Therefore, it is recommended to use reasonable watershed model rather than rating curve and unit loading methods for the estimation of pollutant loading from watershed

습지-저류지에 의한 하구 담수호 수질개선 효과 예측

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),함종화 ( Ham Jong Hwa ) 한국농공학회 2000 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.42 No.5

Investigated was the effectiveness of a constructed wetland system on water quality in Hwa-Ong estuarine reservoir, located in Hwasung-Gun, Kyunggi-Do. Procedures for estimation of pollutant loading from watershed and required area for natural systems, and simulation of corresponding reservoir water quality were reviewed. Generally, simulated reservoir water quality was within the reasonable range, and about 15% of total polder farmland was required to meet the agricultural water quality standards. The model was applied based on the current loading condition without additional treatment systems. Wetland system is an ecologically sound treatment system. Therefore, natural systems can be an alternative measure for water quality improvement in polder projects. The area for natural systems was estimated using literature value which might be acceptable at the planning stage. However, pilot system and its experimental data are requisite for large scale field application. WASP5 was proved to be a useful and versatile model, and its application to estuarine reservoir water quality simulation was thought to be appropriate.

인공습지에 의한 농촌오수처리에 관한 연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),권순국 ( Kwun Sun Kook ),김형중 ( Kim Hyung Joong ) 한국농공학회 1997 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.39 No.4

Constructed wetland system which can be applied to the rural wastewater treatment system was examined by pilot plant in Kon-Kuk University. Hydraulic loading rate of wastewater was about 0.16m³/m² · day and theoretical detention time in the system was 1.38 days. The effluent of the septic tank for the school building was applied as inflow to the system. The influent concentration of DO was zero but effluent was up to 4.37mg/ℓ, which implies that oxygen was supplied enough from atmosphere by reaeration to support biological activity of the system. Average influent concentration of BOD was 104mg/ℓ and effluent was 24mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 76%. Average influent concentration of COD was 215mg/ℓ and effluent was 63mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 70%. Average influent concentration of SS was 78mg/ℓ and effluent was 10mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 87%. Two components, BOD and SS, are regulated by law to keep maximum water quality standard of 80mg/ℓ when daily outflow rate is less than 100m³/day which is the case of most rural communities. Therefore, the results from the experiment showed that constructed wetland system can meet the water quality standard easily. Average influent concentration of total nitrogen was 165mg/ℓ which is relatively higher than normal wastewater, and effluent was about 156mg/ℓ with average removal rate of only 5%. Average influent concentration of total phosphorus was 41mg/ℓ and effluent was 6mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 87%. Overall, constructed wetland system was thought to be effective to treat wastewater if nitrogen removal mechanism is improved. Considering low cost, less maintenance, and high treatability, this system can be a practical alternative for the wastewater treatment in rural area. The Experiment was performed during the summer and fall season, and treat ment efficiency of the system is expected to decrease in low temperature. Therefore, further study including temperature is required to evaluate feasibility of the system more in detail.

침출수로 오염된 불포화사질토의 전기비저항 변화에 대한 연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),유찬 ( Yoo Chan ) 한국농공학회 1998 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.40 No.2

Measurement of electrical resistivity in soils has been used for many years with purpose of estimating in situ porosity or density. Recently electrical resistivity has also been used as an indicator of soil contaimination. This paper presents the result of laboratory experiment to investigate the resistivity variation in contaminated sandy soils. The results can be used with the Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) result to analyse ground condition. In the experiment, the water content and leachate concentration of soils were controlled by groundwater and leachate, and then the resistivity measurement was made with 'STING-R1' by Advanced Geosciences Inc. In the case of using groundwater, the resistivity was in the range of over 1000·Ωm, but in the case of using polluted water by leachate, the resistivity decreased significantly down to 10~100·Ωm for the same moisture content. Also the resistivity varied according to the degree of saturatrion. Therefore, if soil is contaminated by leachate, the CPT with electrical resistivity sensor might be used to investigate the contamination status and plume migration. But exact component of leachate and the pollutant concentration are still hard to identify.

유기화합물들이 혼합상태에서 토양에 흡착하는 성질에 관한 연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ) 한국농공학회 1995 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.37 No.2

혼합상태에서 유기화합물들이 토양에 흡착하는 성질에 관해서 5개의 유기화합물(페놀, 2,4-디크로로페놀, 2,4,6-트리크로로페놀, 부루신, 따이오유리아)과 2종류의 토양을 이용하여 연구하였다. 일반적으로 따이오유리아를 제외하고는 한가지 물질이 혼합상태에 있는 다른물질에 의해 흡착에 제약을 받아서 단독으로 있을 때 보다 흡착율이 낮았다. 따이오유리아는 단독인 경우보다 혼합상태일 때 더 많은 흡착을 보였는데 이는 혼합상태에서 오히려 흡착이 증가 할 수도 있음을 나타낸다. 혼합이 흡착에 미치는 영향은 페놀의 혼합상태와 단독상태에서의 흡착상태를 여러가지 형태로 비교하며 검토하였는데 산성이고 유기물질이 적은 토양에서 알카리성이며 유기물질이 많은 토양보다 혼합으로 인한 흡착의 억제효과가 뚜렷하였다.

오수처리수의 관개가 벼 생육 및 토양 특성에 미치는 효과

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kook ),우선호 ( Woo Sun Ho ) 한국농공학회 2000 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.42 No.3

Effect of reclaimed sewage on the paddy rice culture was examined by field experiment for two consecutive years. The domestic sewage was treated by the constructed wetland, and the effluent of the treatment wetland was used for irrigation water. The reclaimed sewage was diluted before irrigation in the first year, and it was used without dilution in the second year experiment. Growth components and yields were compared against the control plot where conventional method was applied. And also, soil characteristics of the plots before and after reclaimed sewage irrigation were analyzed. Generally, addition of the reclaimed sewage irrigation didn't affect paddy rice culture adversely and even enhancement was observed. Fertilization was thought to be important factor for rice culture rather than irrigation water quality. Conventional fertilization and reclaimed sewage irrigation which contained high nutrient concentration resulted in better growth and more yield. Unlike widespread concern lodging did not happen even in the case of irrigation with average 90mg/L of T-N and conventional fertilization. Soil characteristics changed after irrigation and significant EC increasing was observed for the reclaimed sewage irrigation plots. From soil analyses, salt accumulation could be a more potential problem than nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus in the use of reclaimed sewage irrigation. Overall, reclaimed sewage irrigation was thought to be one of practical alternatives for the ultimate disposal of sewage in rural area.

지하수 오염과 농촌의 음용수 처리방법에 관한 고찰

윤춘경,Yoon Chun-gyeong 한국관개배수위원회 1995 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.2 No.1

강물의 수질오염 Modeling에 사용되는 신뢰도 분석방법에 대한 비교연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ) 한국농공학회 1995 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.37 No.5

공학분야에 널리 사용되고 있는 신뢰도 분석방법중에서 Monte Carlo simulation (MC), Mean-value First-Order Second-Moment Method(MFOSM), and Advanced First-Order Second-Moment(AFOSM) method들을 강물의 오염물질 농도와 수질기준치사이의 신뢰도 분석에 적용하였다. 미환경보건국에서 개발 보급한 QUAL2E를 이용하여 New Jersey에 위치한 Passaic강의 수질예측에서 4가지 주요인자(용존산소, 생물학적 산소요구량, 암모니아 그리고 조류)들이 정해진 수질기준치를 유지 할 수 있는 확률을 세가지 방법에 의해 추정한 후에 상호 비교하였다. MC방법에 의해 2,000회 simulation시켜서 그 결과가 시스템의 추계학적 성질을 잘 반영한 것으로 판단하여 비교기준으로 삼고 MFOSM과 AFOSM에 의해 추정한 결과와 비교하였다. MFOSM의 결과보다는 AFOSM의 결과가 전체적으로 MC의 결과에 더 근접하였으며, 이유는 AFOSM의 계산방법이 MFOSM의 선형근사로 인한 오차를 줄일 수 있었기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. MC방법의 결과와 다른 방법들의 결과사이의 차이가 입력변수들이 평균값에서 멀어질 때가 많았는데 이는 MC의 경우 입력변수들이 일정범위를 벗어나서 비현실적인 상황이면 model이 정지하는데, 다른 방법들은 simulation에 의한 것이 아니고 수학적인 계산에 의해서 신뢰도가 추정되기 때문에 이러한 상황이 반영될 수 없기 때문이다. 강물의 수질을 취급하는 공학적인 측면에서 보면, 이중에 가장 간편한 MFOSM이 많은 simulation이 필요한 MC나 계산방법이 상대적으로 복잡한 AFOSM에 비해 오차가 크지 않아서 이들을 대신하여 사용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

농촌지역 소규모 오수차집시스템에 관한 연구

윤춘경,유찬 ( Chun Gyeong Yoon,Chan Yoo ) 한국농촌계획학회 1998 농촌계획 Vol.4 No.2

하수처리수의 논 관개용수 재이용을 위한 미생물 위해성 평가

윤춘경,한정윤,정광욱,장재호,Yoon Chun-Gyeong,Han Jung-Yoon,Jung Kwang-Wook,Jang Jae-Ho 한국농공학회 2006 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.48 No.2

The reuse of wastewater for agricultural irrigation may cause human health risk as a result of exposure to pathogens. This study conducted the quantitative microbial risk assessment in paddy field irrigated with treated wastewater. Six treatments were used to irrigate the paddy field from Year 2003 to Year 2005: biofilter-effluent, UV-disinfected water (6, 16, 40, 68 $mW s cm^{-2}$), pond-treated water, wetland-treated water, conventional irrigation water and tap water. Total coliforms, fecal coliforms and E. coli were monitored during rice growing period. Beta - Poisson model was employed to calculate the microbial risk of pathogens ingestion that may occur to farmers and neighbor children. Uncertainty of risk was estimated using Monte Carlo simulation. In this study, the microbial risk was higher during initial cultivation (end of May$\sim$June), and it decreased with time. Biofilter effluent (secondary effluent) irrigation showed higher risk values than others (>$10^{-4}$) and irrigation with UV-disinfected water has the lowest risk range ($10^{-6}{\sim}10^{-5}$). The risk value estimated in 2005 was lower than risk value in 2003 and 2004, it is likely due to clean tap water irrigation in initial transplanting stage. It is suggested that irrigation with UV-disinfected water and pond-treated water would reduce the microbial risk associated with wastewater irrigation in paddy field. In addition, the first irrigation water quality significantly affected the subsequent microbial risk.