fMRI를 이용한 조해혈(照海穴)(KI6) 자침(刺針)이 대뇌피질(大腦皮質) 운동영역(運動領域)의 활성변화(活性變化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

윤종화,황민섭,배건태,이수홍,이승덕,장준혁,김경호,장용민,변우목,김갑성,Yoon, Jong-Hwa,Hwang, Min-Sup,Bae, Geon-Tae,Lee, Soo-Hong,Lee, Sung-deok,Jang, Jun-Hyeok,Kim, Kyoung-Ho,Jang, Young-Min,Byun, Wu-Mok,Kim, Gap-Sung 대한침구의학회 2001 대한침구의학회지 Vol.18 No.5

Objective : Recent studies Suggested that there is a strong correlation between acupuncture stimulation and its related cortical activation. Anther study showed that either positive or negative BOLD effects could be observed depending on anatomical structure in acupuncture. Material and Methods : 1) Subjects and paradigms : Two separate stimulation paradigms were performed on five healthy (aged 22-23 yrs) in this study. First, the paradigm of acupuncture stimulation was that the acupuncture needle was inserted in acupoints KI6(照海), which is located in lateral side of the foot and then continuously twisted(補瀉를 除外한 捻轉法) for 70 seconds for 10 cycles of activation. During rest period (70 seconds), the needle was completed removed from acupoint. Total 60 cycles were performed and 10 images were obtained per cycle. Second, non-acupoint was randomly selected and the same paradigm was performed as acupoint stimulation. The stimulation protocol comprised 10 cycles of alternating activation and rest (10 images per cycle). Total 60 cycles were performed and each cycle take about 1.5 sec for motor task. Subjects take an at least 15 minutes break before starting anther paradigm. Conclusion : In this study, I investigated a new acupoint KI6(照海) which was known as motor - related acupoint and obtained an evidence that the stimulation of KI6(照海) resulted in negative BOLD response to stimulation.

수중구조를 위한 ICT 기반 수중통신 모니터링 장치 구현

윤종화,강상일,윤달환,Yoon, Jong-Hwa,Kang, Sang-iL,Yoon, Dal-Hwan 한국전기전자학회 2022 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.26 No.3

In this study, an ICT-based underwater communication monitoring device for underwater structures is implemented based on lifting fixture that transport human bodies found on the seabed to sea level. The lifting fixture is packaged with a retback, sideback, and cartridge that injects air. Monitoring systems are developed in a mobile manner in a portable structure. The underwater ultrasonic sensor signal is supplied using a USB port, and the O/S consists of Linux. For the underwater communication dong test, a measurement test was conducted in real time from 6m to 40m in depth on the east coast. The ultrasonic sound sensor is converted to 2,400 bps to verify the transmission error according to the duality. The communication speed of sensor to monitoring is 115,200 bps, and the speed of communication from controller to receiver is 2,400 bps. In the commercialization stage of the lifting device, it is easy to develop a low-end type and the compatibility is wide.

대구지역의 시민사회운동

윤종화(Yoon Jong-Hwa) 참여연대 참여사회연구소 2004 시민과세계 Vol.- No.6

반려동물을 위한 IoT 기반 이동식 캐리어 디자인과 위치추적장치 개발

윤종화(Jong Hwa Yoon),윤달환(Dal Hwan Yoon) 안전문화포럼 2023 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.22

고도 산업사회로 발전하면서 반려동물의 가족화가 촉진되고, 사료·미용·의약품 등으로 관련 산업의 기초성장이 발전하였다. 최근 센서(Sensor)와 반도체(Semiconductor), IoT를 기반으로 하는 유무선 통신기술을 야외에서 활동하는 반려동물의 위치추적까지도 적용하고 있다. 특히 맹인이나 몸이 불편한 환자 또는 노인 등이 반려동물과 야외활동을 하는 경우 도난이나 사고, 이동에 따른 위치추적 및 사고에 대한 사전경고 등이 다양하게 연구되고 있다. 따라서 반려동물과 인간 사이에 필요한 다량 정보를 종합적으로 분석하고 결정할 수 있는 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence, AI) 기술들이 적용되면서 이른바 ‘펫테크(Pet-tech)’가 주목받고 있다. 센서 데이터, 운동량 중심의 모니터링과 분석에서 반려동물의 행동, 감정 및 상황인지 중심의 서비스가 소비자들에게 제공되고, 이러한 반려동물의 행동, 상황, 병증, 이상행동 등을 컨설팅 및 연계 서비스가 가능한 기술 개발이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이러한 반려동물에 관련된 기술적인 연구는 인간과 동반하고, 인간화되어가는 동물의 단면을 유도하고 있지만, 반대로 인간의 소외와 고독 등 도시화 되어가는 인간의 삶에서 심리적 공황이 커지고 있음을 반증하는 사례가 되기도 한다. 또한 공간의 공유로 인하여 청결·위생·건강관리를 할 수 있는 제품 디자인이 필요하고, 항균 및 냄새 제거를 위한 기초소재로 나노탄소를 이용한 면상발열체를 적용한다. 나노탄소는 인체건강을 유지시키는 소재로서 탈취, 항균 작용, 공기정화, 세포 조기 활성화, 통증 완화, 제습 효과 및 숙면 정화 등 생명을 유지하는 힘과 복원력이 뛰어나 오랫동안 사용해 왔으며 이를 반려동물의 건강을 위한 소재로도 활용한다. 본 연구에서는 “반려동물과 주인이 상생하는 청결·위생·건강관리를 위해 면상발열체와 IoT를 기반으로 이동식 캐리어와 위치추적장치”를 개발한다. 제품 디자인을 통하여 IoT와 융합하고 위치추적을 할 수 있는 플랫폼을 지원함으로써 그 성능을 시험한다. As the society developed into a highly industrialized society, familyization of companion animals was promoted, and the basic growth of related industries such as feed, beauty, and pharmaceuticals developed. Recently, wired and wireless communication technology based on sensors, semiconductors, and IoT is also being applied to the location tracking of companion animals that are active outdoors. In particular, various studies are being conducted on theft, accident, location tracking and advance warning of accidents when the blind, disabled, or the elderly are outdoors with companion animals. Therefore, as artificial intelligence (AI) technologies that can comprehensively analyze and determine a large amount of information required between companion animals and humans are applied, so-called ‘pet-tech’ is attracting attention. In monitoring and analysis based on sensor data and momentum, a service centered on the behavior, emotion, and situational awareness of companion animals is provided to consumers, and it is a technology that enables consulting and connection services on the behavior, situation, disease, and abnormal behavior of companion animals. development is gradually increasing. These technical studies related to companion animals lead to the cross-section of animals that accompany humans and become humanized, but on the contrary, it is a case that proves that psychological panic is growing in urbanized human life such as human alienation and loneliness. do. In addition, due to the sharing of space, a product design that can manage cleanliness, hygiene, and health is required, and a planar heating element using nano-carbon is applied as a basic material for antibacterial and odor removal. Nanocarbon is a material that maintains human health, and has been used for a long time because of its excellent life-sustaining power and resilience, such as deodorization, antibacterial action, air purification, early cell activation, pain relief, dehumidification effect, and deep sleep purification. It is also used as a material. In this study, we propose “a mobile carrier and location tracking device based on a planar heating element and IoT for cleanliness, hygiene, and health management where pets and owners coexist”. It tests its performance by supporting a platform that can converge with IoT and track location through product design.

<脉法>의 砭法과 <靈樞·官針>의 針法의 比較

윤종화(Jong Hwa Yoon) 대한의료기공학회 2001 醫療氣功 Vol.5 No.1

경맥진단(經脈診斷)의 맥진법(脈診法)이 기구맥(氣口脈)의 촌관척(寸關尺) 육부정위맥진법(六部定位脈診法)으로 연변(演變)된 연유(緣由)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -경맥학설(經脈學說) 및 맥진법(脈診法)의 상관성(相關性)-

임한제,윤종화,Lim, Han-je,Yoon, Jong-hwa 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Pulse-feeling took its origin from making a diagnosis along meridians in the course of discovering and forming meridians and for a long time its meaning was mixed with meridians in the course of recognizing "The Pulse" then was separated from meridians in the early days of Western Han Dynasty. Ancient pulse-feeling methods are pulse-feeling method by the twelve regular meridians, pulse-feeling method by three regions and nine modes, pulse-feeling method by Inyeong(人迎) and Chon-gu(寸口), etc. Pulse-feeling was changed in proportion to diagnostic purpose and method of treating and if method and region of pulse-feeling is arranged, we will infer correlation between meridians and pulse-feeling and will infer transitional system of past pulse-feeling and will forecast transition of future pulse-feeling. As the result that I study the transition of the above three pulse-feeling methods of meridians diagnosis: 1. Three pulse-feeling methods of meridians diagnosis flowed into diagnostic method by taking pulse of setting six region for Chon(寸), Gwan(關) and Cheok(尺), i.e. the Chon[寸] spot pulse of $\ll$Nan-gyeong$\gg$ and were changed into diagnostic method being fit for use of five Su points, The Front-Mo points and Back-Su points that grasp the pathology of mutual internal organs and treat the disease. 2. Today it is suggesting the transition of another pulse-feeling method that do not apply diagnostic method by taking pulse of setting six region for Chon(寸), Gwan(關) and Cheok(尺), i.e. the Chon[寸] spot pulse of $\ll$Nan-gyeong$\gg$ to 19C Sasang(四象) Constitutional Medicine or 20C Eight Constitutional Medicine.

《침구태성(鍼灸大成)》<책(策)>편(篇)의 분석(分析)을 통(通)한 양계주(楊繼洲)의 의학사상(醫學思想)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

이수홍,윤종화,김갑성,Lee, Su-Hong,Yoon, Jong-Hwa,Kim, Kap-Sung 대한침구의학회 2000 대한침구의학회지 Vol.17 No.2

We have known that $\ll$Zhen Jiu Da Cheng, 鍼灸大成$\gg$ had been written by Yang Ji Zhou(楊繼洲) in Ming(明) dynasty. And it had been the only textbook of acupuncture & moxibustion for over 300years. This book is composed of 10 chapters dealing almost all the medical theories of that times. This book is so enormous that it is hard to understand essential ideas of the author. But, Yang Ji Zhou revealed his ideas and medical theories in some parts of this book. This part is named <Ce, 策> that composed of 4 small subjects. These are <Zhu Jia De Shi Ce, 諸家得失策>, <Tou Bu Duo Jiu Ce, 頭不多灸策>, <Xue You Ji Zheng Ce, 穴有奇正策> and <Zhen You Shen Jian Ce, 鍼有深淺策> In this study, I analyze the relation of $\ll$Zhen Jiu Da Cheng, 鍼灸大成$\gg$ and $\ll$Wei Sheng Zhen Jiu Xuan Ji Bi Yao, 衛生鍼灸玄機秘要$\gg$ and then I study <Ce, 策> further by comparing with other parts of $\ll$Zhen Jiu Da Cheng, 鍼灸大成$\gg$ and other important oriental medical textbooks.

《상한론(傷寒論)》 태음병(太陰病) 제강(提綱)을 침구학적(鍼灸學的) 분증(分證) 및 분경(分經)의 운용방법(運用方法)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

정회민,윤종화,Jeong, Hoe-min,Yoon, Jong-hwa 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.6

The following study was undertaken in order to seek the acupuncture operation method of $\ll$Sang Han Lun(傷寒論)$\gg$ Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng(六經辯證). Based on the documents quoted in $\ll$Sang Hang Za Bing Lun Xu Wen(傷寒雜病論 序文)$\gg$ of "Zhang, Zhong-Jing(張仲景)", the relativity of the theory of Jing-Mai(經脈) and Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng of convalescence, and from the Liu-Jing-Bing(六經病), the origin and implication that caused Tai- Yin-Bing(太陰病) to form was studied on the basis of acupuncture medicine publications and the commentary writing of $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$. As a result of the foregoing study, the author has written the following acupuncture operation on the basis of a summarized Tai-Yin-Bing for $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$ Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng. Results : $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$ Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng has succeeded and was developed based on Liu-Jing-Fen-Zheng(六經分證) of $\ll$Su Wen Re Lun(素問 熱論)$\gg$. In addition, the summary of Liu-Jing-Bing became the general principle of Fen-Jing(分經) and Ding-Zheng(定證) that may be applicable to Fenghan(風寒), Wenre(溫熱), Lili(疫려) and Zabing(雜病). 2. Most commentators of $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$ in the Song, Ming and Ching Dynasties of $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$ interpreted the Tai-Yang-Bing in physiological and pathological aspects of Rong-Wei(榮衛) as the disease of the spleen meridian. 3. From the Liu-Jing-Bing of $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$, the region of acupuncture treatment of Tai-Yang-Bing is treated with the needle from the point of view of Bing-Zheng-Lun-Zhi(辨證論治) with the basis of the important region of acupuncture of the spleen meridian.

주중구법파(注重灸法派)에 관(關)한 역사적(歷史的) 고찰(考察)("불론허실한열(不論虛實寒熱) 무소불의(無所不宜)" 구법파(灸法派)를 중심(中心)으로)

임한제,윤종화,Lim, Han-Je,Yoon, Jong-Hwa 대한침구의학회 2000 대한침구의학회지 Vol.17 No.2

As compared with acupuncture, The moxibustion occurred differently in the background of formation and also disagreed in the process of development. From the Jin(晉) dynasty to the Song(宋) dynasty, The school that attached importance to moxibustion had occupied superority by far and had schemed the development of moxibustion. But after the Song(宋) dynasty, The school that attached importance to acupuncture rose. Therefore, The school that attached importance to moxibustion, even if the power decreased, still had kept in existence and had achieved the development of moxibustion. Especially, Among the chinese physicians that recognized "Moxibustion can cure all disease, so don't discuss the weakness the firmness the chills the fever and cauterize the skin" till the Song(宋) dynasty, Ge Hong(葛洪) put in order the basic theory for moxibustion in <Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang, 肘後備急方> (A handbook of prescriptions for emergencies). Wang Tao(王燾) only respected the moxibustion and said "Moxibustion has a strange effect, then all acupuncture herb-med(medical decoction) herb-ex are unattainable to it" in volume 14 <Wai Tai Mi Yao, 外臺秘要> (Medical secrets of an official). Dou Cai(實材) insisted that moxibustion is prime for supporting the Yang(陽) and always must be cauterized with moxa on Guan Yuan(關元) Qi Hai(氣海) Ming Guan(命關), Zhons Wan(中脘) etc. for supporting the Yang of Pi Shen(脾腎) in <Bian Que Xin Shu, 扁鵲心書>

Effects of Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) on mineralization, bone morphogenetic protein-2, alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen and collagennase-1 in bone cells

변유석,윤종화,황민섭,김갑성,조현석,Byun, You-seok,Yoon, Jong-hwa,Hwang, Min-seob,Kim, Kap-sung,Jo, Hyun-seog The Korean Acupuncture Moxibustion Medicine Societ 2005 대한침구의학회지 Vol.30 No.1

손상된 조직의 보호와 항염증작용이 있는 것으로 알려진 유근피를 수액추출하여 골다공증의 치료에 응용 가능한가를 실험하였다. 이전의 실험에서 유근피 추출액이 파골세포를 함유한 장골세포의 치료를 통해 Cathepsin K를 억제하는 것을 확인 하였었다. 이를 통하여 유근피는 골다공증 치료에서 골재흡수억제제로 서의 prodrug의 역할을 할 수 있음을 시사하였다. 본 실험에서는 MC3T3-El pre-osteoblastic 세포조직을 이용하여 골화를 유발한 상태에서 유근피가 골아세포의 성장과 감작에 대한 것을 in vitro로 연구하였다. 이 결과 유근피는 용량과 시간의존적으로 ALP의 활동을 향상시킴으로써 강화작용이 있음을확인할 수 있었다. 투여량은 최소치 $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 최대치 $150{\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 관찰되었다. $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ UD에서 bone morphogenetic protein-2의 향상을 관찰할 수 있었으며, MC3T3-El 세포내의 ALP mRNA농도역시 증가 하였다. $60{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ UD에서 Type I collagen mRNA에 대해서 오랜 배양 기간 동안 약간의 증가를 나타내었으나 15-20일 사이의 배양에서는 급격히 유전자 발현을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 골아 세포의 감작을 통해 유근피가 골대사에 영향을 미침을 시사하는 것이다. 그러므로 추후 연구를 통하여 일반적인 골대사질환에 유근피를 적극적으로 활용할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. By extracting the sample of Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae), which was known to have the protection of damaged organ and the anti-inflammation action, it was experimented whether it is available for the application of treatment of osteoporosis. In the previous experiment, the extracts from Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) were confirmed to inhibit Cathepsin K through treating the cell of long bone, which contains osteoclast. Through this, it is suggested that Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) can play a role of prodrug as an inhibitor of absorbing bone ash in the treatment of osteoporosis. In the present experiment, a research in vitro Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) on the growth and sensibilization of osteoblast in a state that induced osteosis by using the cell tissue of MC3T3-El pre-osteoblastic was conducted. As a result, it could be confirmed that Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) has the strengthening function by enhancing the dosage and the activity of ALP depending on the time. The dosage was observed at the minimum of $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and the maximum of $150{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The enhancement in bone morphogenetic protein-2 at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ UD could be observed, and it also increased the concentration of ALP mRNA within the cell of MC3T3-El. At $60{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ UD which indicated a little increase in Type I collagen mRNA for a long time of culture. However, it was shown to sharply inhibit the expression of gene in the culture between 15-20 days. These results suggest that Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) has an influence upon bone metabolism through thje sensibilization of osteoblast. Therefore, it could be known that utilized Ulmus davidiana Planch(Ulmaceae) can be positively applied for the general disease of bone metabolism through future studies.