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Carrageenin으로 처치한 흰쥐 발 염증에서 Indomethacin에 의한 유도성 nitric oxide synthase의 발현증가
원혜영(Hye Young Won),강건욱(Keon Wook Kang),김영미(Young Mi Pak),김낙두(Nak Doo Kim) 대한약학회 1999 약학회지 Vol.43 No.2
Present study was aimed to examine whether indomethacin affected the production of NO in the rat paw exudate by carrageenin. Paw edema and nitrite/nitrate levels in the paw exudate were maximal after 4h and remained elevated up to 10h, whereas indomethacin (10mg/kg. Po) significantly inhibited the carrageenin-induced paw edema and levels of nitrite/nitrate in the paw exudate. However, paw edema and nitrite/nitrate levels were increased thereafter for 10h. Indomethacin also enhanced the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein 4h after carrageenin injection. Indomethacin inhibited the level of PGE2 in the paw exudate in a time-dependent manner. These results suggest the possibility that indomethacin may potentiate expression of iNOS and subsequently increase nitrite/nitrate level in the late phase of carrageenin-induced rat paw inflammation possibly by suppressing cycloxygenase activity.
원혜영 ( Hye Young Won ) 인도철학회 2008 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.24
This episode of the early Mahaparinirvanasuttanta texts has concerned the state of community; That is to say, Buddha taught the Vajjians seven conditions of the welfare of a community. Buddha said The Vajjians meet together in concord, and rise in concord, and carry out their undertakings in concord, they enact nothing not already established, abrogate nothing that has been already enacted, and act in accordance with the ancient institutions of the Vajjians, as established in former days, they honor and esteem in former days, they honor and esteem and revere and support the Vajjian elders, and hold it a point of duty to hearken to their words, no women or girls belonging to their clans are detained among them by force or abduction, they honor and support the Vajjian shrines in town or country, and allow not the proper offerings and rites, as formerly given and performed, to fall into desuetude, the frightful protection, defence, and support shall be fully provided for the Arahants among them, so long may the Vajjians be expected not th decline, but to prosper. The Buddhist community has as its goal harmony and peace. It cannot be said that the purpose of the modern communities would deviate significantly away form that in any way.
원혜영 ( Hye Young Won ) 사단법인 한국교수불자연합회 2010 한국교수불자연합학회지 Vol.16 No.1
유식에서는 언어상의 허구의 세계는 원래부터 전혀 실체가 없는 것으로서 논의 밖에 있을 뿐이고, 사실의 세계나 현실세계라는 것이 이미 꿈의 상태라고 단정한다. 우리들의 일상적인 감각이나 지각이 모두 허망무실이라고 말한 것이다. 왜냐하면 그것은 마음이 드러낸 것일 뿐 식(識) 만의 세계이기 때문이다. 유식성에 관련된 ``꿈의 비유``와 조사선(祖師禪) 에서 보여주는 선불교의 진면목에서 거론되는 ``꿈을 거론한 화두``를 통해 꿈이 가지는 의미, 그리고 선사들이 주장하는 돈오돈수의 신비적인 직관을 논의한다. 또한 중국선사들이 자주 논의했던 문자보다 행동, 그리고 마음의 세계를 깨치는 작용에 관련하여 집중하고자 한다. 선에서 언급한 꿈의 의미 해석은 깨침의 세계로 나아가는 방향타 역할을 한다. Yogacara Buddhism considers the fictional world of language as one beyond discussion, because it is non-substantial. It also defines the actual world or the realistic world as the condition of dreams. This means that human`s everyday senses or perception are all vain falsehood and this reflects only the state of the mind, which is human consciousness. This study aims at examining meanings of dreams and mystical intuition of "Sudden Waking-Sudden Cultivation," which Zen masters argue by discussing "analogy of dreams" related to consciousness, and "critical phrases describing dreams" mentioned in Zen Buddhism of Patriarch Zen. Also, it focuses on processes that awaken the mind not through written letters but through actions, which has often been discussed by Chinese Zen masters. The interpretation of meanings of dreams in Zen Buddhism plays an important role in entering the world of wakening.
원혜영(Won, Hye-Young) 한국동서비교문학학회 2012 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.27
Once Sa?vri-satya (Relative truth) cannot reach all around after preach, Param?rtha (Ultimate truth) cannot be clearly acquired. Param rtha is, a world of equality and evenness. Sa?vri-satya can be a truth explicitly explained according to reality. It is manifested in a stream of consciousness, whether a polluted mind is revealed or not. Perfuming leads to enlightenment; enlightenment does to calm.<br/> The original Spanish movie Open Your Eyes uses dreams as its subject matter. The fantasy that the movie was able to illustrate resulted in depicting the dreams themselves. People can understand the Vijnapti-matr? of the protagonist, Cesar, through his confusion between the imaginary and reality. One can say that the abstruseness of being idle can be one way of understanding and interpreting the movie. Objectivity and the subjectivity do not exist. Instead, the only thing left is the consciousness which believes that Objectivity and Subjectivity are actually real. What is known as Objectivity and Subjectivity is the world of common sense. “It was the thought of non-existence that rebelled against common sense and later moved toward Vijnapti-matr? in an effort to build a theory which states, “there are no two things such as Objectivity and Subjectivity.” Dreams seem absurd and nonsensical. Dreams only show what we wish to see. Dreams are made known through the unconscious. Vijnapti-matr? perceives the structure of dreams and explains how to overcome it. Dreams can be shared through the help of modern technological innovation, and we can thus narrate the abstruse part of Vijnapti-matr? . There is no subject matter in dreams that must be subjected to understanding.” Dreams are simply futile separation.
원혜영(Won, Hye-Young) 한국동서비교문학학회 2011 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.24
This research discusses how human mind works through examining Freud and the only idea of Buddhism. Both Freud and the only idea of Buddhism tried to understand the deep level of the human psychology through analogy, which have been recognized by professionals as well as the public. Since Freud coined the term, unconsciousness, it has been household terms to explain human minds. According to Freud, what humans experience during the upbringing process reflects the personality of an individual. Freud contends that the instinctive impulse energy toward something the person is interested in is reflected in the human psychology. The original characteristics of Ālaya-vijñāna is purity, which helps to understand the fundamental psychological structure of only idea. They boost understanding the self, which eventually make life full and powerful. According to Buddhist teaching, if a human understand show Ālaya-vijñāna is of only idea works, he or she can understand his or her self, which leads to the rich life. In addition, enlightenment on the only idea enriches human life. There is a difference between Freud’s interpretation on dreams and only idea. In only idea of Buddhism, dream is considered as the analogy to teach vanity of life whereas dreams of Freud are vehicles to explore psychological problems. Freud’s interpretation on dreams is similar to the ancient religious idea that interprets dreams as a message or oracles. To Freud, interpreting dreams is an act of art. The symbols that are shown in dreams cannot be interpreted literally. Interpreters must consider the implication of parts of the dreams and its association with dreamers’ situations. This paper aims to examine why both Freud and only idea of Buddhism need various interpretation on dreams as a medium.