A phonetic duration-based analysis of vowel epenthesis: English postvocalic word-final stops

Mira Oh(오미라),Hyung-Sun Kim(김형선) 한국음운론학회 2006 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.12 No.2

  Kang (2003) argues that vowel epenthesis results from enhancement of perceptual similarity based on phonetic, phonological and morphophonemic constraints in Korean. She argues that vowel epenthesis reflects the degree of release, voicing, and the place of articulation of stops. On the other hand, Broselow and Park’s (1995) mora-based analysis is based on vowel tenseness. They attribute vowel epenthesis to a way to preserve one of the two morae of a tense vowel. In this paper, we argue against these previous analyses for vowel epenthesis.<BR>  We will propose the phonetic duration-based analysis for vowel epenthesis in English loanword adaptation in Korean. Three claims will be made in this paper. Firstly, vowel epenthesis occurs after a postvocalic word-final stop if the pre-final vowel is long. Secondly, vowel length includes both phonemic and subphonemic duration. Thirdly, the phonetic duration-based analysis argues for the phonetic approach (Steriade 2001; Silverman 1992) as opposed to the phonological approach(Lacharit? and Paradis 2002, 2005) in loan adaptation.

어두 영어 무성 폐쇄음의 VOT 길이 조절에 대한 간격 효과

오미라(Mira Oh),임진아(Jina Lim) 서울대학교 언어교육원 2021 語學硏究 Vol.57 No.3

This study aims to show that the VOTs of English stops are phonetically influenced by non-local segments. Eight native English speakers (4 females and 4 males) produced nonce words of the forms C₁V₁C₂ and C₁V₁C₂VC with variation in the voicing of C₁ and C₂. Phonetic analysis found, first, that voiceless C₁-VOT shortening occurs regressively when followed by another voiceless stop across a vowel, but C₂-VOT is not affected by C₁. Second, VOT modulation in English voiceless stops is non-local in the sense that the Cs triggering VOT shortening need not be root-adjacent. Third, the interval, which is the distance between the intervening V1 and C₂, plays a role in triggering C₁-VOT shortening. These results support Walter’s (2007) claim that the VOT modulation in English results from the articulatory difficulty associated with repeating laryngeal cues within a short time. They will be discussed in light of phonetic proximity, particularly limits on the distance at which corresponding Cs may occur. Directionality will also be discussed regarding the target of VOT modulation in light of the avoidance of recurrent aspiration.

영아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 SNS 활동을 통한 사회적 지지가 양육 스트레스에 미치는 영향

오미라(Oh, MiRa),민하영(Min, HaYeoung) 한국생활과학회 2021 한국생활과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11

영어 /f/의 비대칭적 차용에 대한 차용국어 음운제약 효과

오미라(Mira Oh) 한국중원언어학회 2017 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.45

English /f/ is adapted as [p<SUP>h</SUP>] or [hw] into Korean. The adaptation of English /f/ into [hw] in Korean has been considered a historical relic from Japanese adaptation. This paper makes four claims by investigating loanword corpora. First, [hw] is a valid adaptation word-initially even for words newly adapted into Korean very recently. Second, the adaptation of words can change over time, even after they have been lexicalized, to reflect source faithfulness, e.g., a medial /f/E-> [hw]K adaptation in 1937 might become /f/E-> [p<SUP>h</SUP>]K in current Korean. Third, this happens because medial [hw] is subject to lenition in Korean, and the form is “re-borrowed” to preserve the segment. Fourth, an account within a Maximum Entropy model better predicts the observed frequency of loanword variants than the classical Optimality Theory-based analysis. This study suggests that perceptual similarity between the source and borrowing sounds better explains the asymmetrical adaptation of English /f/ than phonological correspondences in loanword adaptation.

보육교사가 지각한 역할갈등, 역할모호, 역할과다가 초임과 경력교사의 심리적 탈진에 미치는 영향

오미라(Oh, MiRa),민하영(Min, HaYeoung),조우미(Cho WooMi) 한국생활과학회 2021 한국생활과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.5

영어 학습자의 영어 전설모음 발음 연구

오미라(Oh, Mira) 언어과학회 2016 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.78

This study investigates how Korean learners of English (KLE) produce English front vowels. The production of eight female KLE was analyzed using Praat and VoiceSauce and was then compared with that of native English speakers. An acoustical analysis of English vowels reveals three findings. First, KLE produced English front vowels differently from native English speakers in the rate of vowel duration according to both the number of syllables and the voicing of the following consonant. Second, KEL neither differentiated between /i/ and /ɪ/, nor /ɛ/ and /æ/. Third, vowel shortening before a voiceless stop in Korean influences the higher rate of vowel shortening before a voiceless stop in English.

폐쇄음으로 시작하는 영어 자음 연쇄의 한국어 차용

오미라(Oh, Mira) 한국음운론학회 2013 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.19 No.1

Many studies claim that loanword adaptation is perceptual mapping (Silverman 1992, Peperkamp et al. 2008) and relies crucially on fine-grained acoustic similarity (Kim and Curtis 2001, Boersma and Hamann 2009). By investigating loanword adaptation of stopinitial clusters from English into Korean with respect to vowel epenthesis, this paper aims to answer two questions. First, can the perceptual approach proposed by many researchers fully account for vowel epenthesis in loanword adaptation? Second, are the stop-initial clusters from English loaned in the same way into Korean regardless of their morphological structure? Close examination of loanword adaptation of stopstop and stop-nasal sequences of English into Korean reveals three findings. Firstly, not all vowel epentheses result from perceptual epenthesis. Secondly, the recoverability of source sounds pushes the adapters away from application of native phonological processes, which are prevalent in native phonology, in the direction of epentheses, in which the identity of the preconsonantal stop is better encoded in loanwords. Thirdly, morphological structure of a source word plays a role in segmental mapping in loanword adaptation. (Chonnam National University)

먹거리를 활용한 유아 수학교육 프로그램이 만 4세 남녀 유아의 수학능력에 미치는 효과

오미라(Oh, Mira),민하영(Min, Hayoung),조우미(Cho, Woomi) 한국생활과학회 2019 한국생활과학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

전남어 화자의 서울어투 억양 동화에 관한 사회 음성학적 연구

오미라(Oh, Mira) 한국언어학회 2021 언어 Vol.46 No.4

This paper provides evidence for intonation accommodation by analyzing the production and perception of speakers from Jeonnam region in Korea. In the production experiment, I examined the f0 patterns of the Accentual Phrases(AP) that vary in syllable numbers and the AP-initial tone types produced by twenty-one speakers from Gwangju and seven from Seoul. Three results were found from the production experiment. First, the acoustic properties used by young Gwangju female speakers are the most similar to those used by Seoul speakers. Second, the degree of AP-final pitch rising and AP-initial pitch rising was found to be greater for Seoul speakers than for Gwangju speakers. Third, intonation accommodation was found to be more difficult for interrogatives than for statements. In the perception experiment, the stimulus materials taken from the production experiment were assessed using a seven-scale forced-choice categorization task by 38 raters. The results from the perception experiment are three-fold. First, the rate of intonation accommodation of the Seoul dialect by Gwangju speakers was higher in the order of young female Gwangju speakers>young male Gwangju speakers>old Gwangju speakers. Second, the AP-final pitch rising is most predictive of intonation accommodation. Third, the AP-initial tone can also influence the perception of intonation accommodation. Findings from this study shed light on the issues related to the development of intonation accommodation among dialects.

전남어의 의문문 억양 경계톤에 대한 강세구초 자음의 원거리 효과

오미라 ( Oh Mira ) 대한언어학회 2020 언어학 Vol.28 No.4

This study explores the factors which affect the shapes of boundary tones in Korean interrogatives. 26 Chonnam speakers produced three types of interrogatives in Korean, (i.e., simple polar questions, wh-questions, and indefinite pronoun questions) under variation in verb-initial consonants and question endings. A phonetic analysis of their production reveals three results. First, the initial segment of the Intonation Phrase (IP)-final Accentual Phrase (AP) plays a significant role in determining the shapes of boundary tones. Second, the distribution of various boundary tones is different across the three types of interrogatives in Korean. Third, the lexical ending forms also condition the shapes of boundary tones. I propose that the AP-initial consonant effect weighs more than the constraints for different types of interrogatives, which are in turn more weighted than the effect of the ending form. I test the validity of the proposed weighted constraints by the learned grammar in the Maximum Entropy Model based on the frequency of each boundary tone. This study shows that the differently weighted factors interact to produce various boundary tones in Korean interrogatives.