정신보건전달체계내 알코올 및 약물중독 영역의 위상

오동열(Dong Yul Oh) 대한사회정신의학회 2001 사회정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

국내 알코올, 약물, 마약중독관련 현황을 살펴보면, 현재까지는 입원위주의 치료가 주로 이루어졌으며, 단기입원이나 직업재활은 많지 않았다. 단지 정신보건법상에 보건소업무로 알코올 및 약물중독자관리가 들어감으로써 향후 지역사회 관리, 재활이 활성화될 전망이나 국내실정에 맞는 전달체계가 없는 상태이다. 알코올에 비해 마약은 국민의 건강에 미치는 건강의 심각성이 커서 강력한 엄벌주의를 채택하여 공급의 차단에는 성공하고 있으나 향후 수요의 차단을 위주로 한 치료, 재활이 강화되어야 한다. 알코올이나 약물중독이나 중독자를 지역사회에서 꾸준히 발견하여 입원치료를 시키고 이들이 재활할 수 있는 방안을 꾸준히 찾아 나아가야 한다. 이들은 항상 재발을 빈번하게 하므로 의료적인 모델하에서 꾸준히 치료해주는 것이 중요하다. We investigated the care system of alcoholism and drug addiction, and we find that the treatment system is mainly for admission and a few of short-term admission and job-training. we have no delivery system in addiction field except the role of health center, which is to control alcohol and drug addiction problem. Comparing to alcohol problem, Drug addiction problem can be a serious impact to public health and we can have success of contol in some aspect but we have no good treatment and rehabilitation system on the contrary. So we should develop the way to find out the addiction patient and to treat and train them. Also we should make the continuing after-care system, because alcohol and drug addiction have the special characteristics to recur frequently.

혈중 및 호흡 알코올농도 측정의 임상적 이용에 관한 연구

오동열(Dong-Yul Oh) 한국중독정신의학회 1997 중독정신의학 Vol.1 No.1

Authors try to study about the clinical use of blood(BAC) and breath(BrAC) alcohol concentration testing. First we study about the pharmacokinetic relationship between BrAC and BAC in two volunteer psychiatrist, physically health. The result shows the very high relationship, correlation coefficient 0.985 statistically and the time of peak alcohol concentration was about 30 minutes after drinking alcohol. Second we also study about the changes before and after introducing the breathalyzer in the alcohol treatment programme in our alcohol treatment unit. Drinking rate at the time of come back to alcohol unit after short stay at home was changed from 24.2% to 13.3%. So the breathalyzer gave a positive effect to drinking rate in the alcohol treatment programme, especilly behavioral treatment. Clinically breathalyzer can be used effectively to screen the drinking by indirect and painless method in alcohol treatment center.

알코올장애, 원인과 치료

오동열(Dong-Yul Oh),김길숙(Gil-Sook Kim) 한국중독정신의학회 1998 중독정신의학 Vol.2 No.1

The life time prevalence of alcoholic disorder in Korea is high but there is not sufficient specialized treatment centers. The etiology of alcoholic disorder is not known yet but it is assumed that alcoholic disorder is multifactorial disorder that biological, hereditary and social factors interact each other. Psychosocial approach is the major treatment but there appeares active study to find out the cause of alcoholic disorder. So Food and Drug Administration in America approved the opioid antagonist naltrexone for the treatment drug of the alcoholics. We are going to introduce the recent development about biological research, pharmacological approach and also psychosocial approaches in the field of alcoholic disorder.

흰쥐 C6 신경교종 세포에서 Venlafaxine 그리고 Dexamethasone 처리가 열충격 단백질 70의 발현에 미치는 영향

유재학,이준석,양병환,최미란,채영규,김석현,노성원,오동열,최인근,Yu, Jae-Hak,Lee, Jun-Seok,Yang, Byung-Hwan,Choi, Mi-Ran,Chai, Young-Gyu,Kim, Seok-Hyeon,Roh, Sung-Won,Oh, Dong-Yul,Choi, Ihn-Geun 대한생물정신의학회 2005 생물정신의학 Vol.12 No.2

Object:The intracellular action of the antidepressant, venlafaxine, was studied in C6-gliomas using heat shock protein 70(HSP70) immunocytochemistry and HSP70 Western blots because HSP70 is associated with stress and depression. Methods:To examine how the glucocorticoid affects the expression of HSP70 in nerve cells, the rat C6 glioma cell was treated with dexamethasone for 6 hours. In addition, venlafaxine was administered to the experimental groups of C6 glioma cells for 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours each, after which the expression of HSP70 was investigated. Finally, venlafaxine and dexamethasone were simultaneously administered to the experimental groups for 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours, followed by an investigation of the expression of HSP70. Results:The short term(1 hour) venlafaxine treatment significantly increased the level of HSP70 expression. The short term treatment of venlafaxine with dexamethasone also increased the level of HSP70 expression but this reduction was not statistically significant. The long term(72 hours) venlafaxine with dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced the level of HSP70 expression. The long term treatment of venlafaxine also reduced the level of HSP70 expression but this reduction was not statistically significant. Dexamethasone(10uM, 6hours) did not affect the level of HSP70 expression compared with controls. Conclusion:Venlafaxine increases the expression of HSP70 at short term treatment, but prolonged treatment with dexamethasone suppresses the expression of HSP70.

스캐닝 과정에서 발생하는 전자문서의 기하학적 변형감지에 관한 연구

오동열(Oh, Dong-Yeol),오해석(Oh, Hae-Seok),류성열(Rhew, Sung-Yul) 한국산학기술학회 2009 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.10 No.8

기존 종이 문서를 영상 파일로 변환하기 위해서 스캐너와 같은 광학기를 사용하게 된다. 스캐닝 과정에서 문서가 제대로 문서 영상으로 생성되었는지를 판단하기 위해서 이미지 품질 검사 과정을 거치게 된다. 이미지 품질 검사 과정에서는 스캐너 기기의 특성상 스캐닝 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 문서 영상의 기울기, 노이즈 여부, 문서가 접힌 상태로 스캔되었는지의 여부 등을 체크하게 된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 스캐너를 이용하여 문서 영상을 생성 과 정에서 발생하는 기하학적 변형을 평가하기 위한 방법론을 제시한다. 본 연구에서는 품질 검사의 검사 항목에 대해서 영상 처리를 이용하여 각각의 변형 정도를 측정하고 각각의 변형 정도가 실제 문서의 가독성에 얼마나 영향을 미치 는지를 OCR 결과 값과 비교한다. OCR 인식 성공 비율과 각 항목별 변형 정도를 나타내는 측정 값 간에 상관관계를 분석하기 위해서 피어슨 상관 계수(Pearson Correlation Coefficient)를 이용하고 이를 기반으로 실제 문서 영상의 변형 정도를 평가하기 위한 가중치 값을 산정한다. 제시한 방법으로 평가에서 높은 평가 값으로 계산된 영상 문서는 OCR 인식률에서도 높은 인식 결과를 나타내고 있다. Scanner which is a kind of optical devices is used to convert paper documents into document image files. The assessment of scanned document image is performed to check if there are any modification on document image files in scanning process. In assessment of scanned documents, user checks the degree of skew, noise, folded state and etc This paper proposed to how to measure geometrical modifications of document image in scanning process. In this study, we check the degree of modification in document image file by image processing and we compare the evaluation value which means the degree of modification in each items with OCR success ratio in a document image file. To analyse the correlation between OCR success ratio and the evaluation value which means the degree of modification in each items, we apply Pearson Correlation Coefficient and calculate weight value for each items to score total evaluation value of image modification degrees on a image file. The document image which has high rating score by proposed method also has high OCR success ratio.

에탄올 처리에 의한 흰쥐 신경아교종(Glioma) 세포에서의 유전자 발현 - DNA 칩을 이용한 분석 -

이소희,오동열,한진희,최인근,전양환,이준노,이태경,정종현,정경화,채영규,Lee, So Hee,Oh, Dong-Yul,Han, Jin-Hee,Choi, Ihn-Geun,Jeon, Yang-Whan,Lee, Joon-Noh,Lee, Tae Kyung,Jeong, Jong-Hyun,Jung, Kyung Hwa,Chai, Young-Gyu 대한생물정신의학회 2007 생물정신의학 Vol.14 No.2

연구목적: 알코올의존에 내재된 분자생물학적 기전을 이해하고 알코올리즘 치료 약물의 새로운 표적을 알아내기 위해서는, 알코올에 반응하는 유전자 혹은 반응 경로를 알아내는 것이 필요하다. DNA microarray 기법의 발달로 고전적 연구 방법과 달리 동시에 수천 수만개의 유전자의 표현을 검사하는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올을 흰쥐의 신경아교종 세포에 처리했을 때 어떤 유전자의 발현을 조절하는지 DNA microarray를 이용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 흰쥐 신경아교종 C6 세포주를 배양하여 에탄올 처리하고 총 RNA를 분리한 후 유전자 발현 양상을 조사하기 위해 cDNA microarray를 수행하였다. 결 과: 에탄올 처리군과 대조군간의 유전자 발현의 차이를 비교 분석한 결과 에탄올이 처리된 군에서 대조군에 비해 15개의 유전자가 발현이 증가하였고 12개의 유전자가 발현이 감소하였다. 발현이 증가한 유전자는 Orthodenticle(Drosophila) homolog 1, procollagen type II, adenosine A2a receptor, GATA-bindning protein2를 포함하고 있었고, 발현이 감소한 유전자는 diacylglycerol kinase beta, PRKC, Protein phosphatase 1, clathrin-associated protein 17, nucleoporin p58, proteasome를 포함하였다. 결 론: 흰쥐의 신경아교종 세포주에 알코올을 처치하였을 때 급성기에 알코올에 반응하여 발현이 증가하거나 감소한 유전자는 전반적으로 전사의 조절, 신호전달체계, 허혈성 뇌손상의 중재, 신경세포의 퇴행에 관여하는 것들이었다. 본 연구는 유전자 발현 시스템을 이용하여 에탄올에 반응하는 새로운 후보 유전자들을 관찰하였다는데 의의가 있다. Objetives : Identification of target genes for ethanol in neurons is important for understanding its molecular and cellular mechanism of action and the neuropathological changes seen in alcoholics. The purpose of this study is to identify of altered gene expression after acute treatmet of ethanol in rat gliom cells. Methods : We used high density cDNA microarray chip to measure the expression patterns of multiple genes in cultured rat glioma cells. DNA microarrays allow for the simultaneous measurement of the expression of several hundreds of genes. Results : After comparing hybridized signals between control and ethanol treated groups, we found that treatment with ethanol increased the expression of 15 genes and decreased the expression of 12 genes. Upregulated genes included Orthodenticle(Drosophila) homolog 1, procollagen type II, adenosine A2a receptor, GATA bindning protein 2. Downregulated genes included diacylglycerol kinase beta, PRKC, Protein phosphatase 1, clathrin-associated protein 17, nucleoporin p58, proteasome. Conclusion : The gene changes noted were those related to the regulation of transcription, signal transduction, second messenger systems. modulation of ischemic brain injury, and neurodengeneration. Although some of the genes were previously known to be ethanol responsive, we have for the most part identified novel genes involved in the brain response to ethanol.

가족력 유무에 따른 알코올중독환자의 임상적 특성

오동훈(Dong-Hoon Oh),김길숙(Gil-Sook Kim),오동열(Dong-Yul Oh) 한국중독정신의학회 1997 중독정신의학 Vol.1 No.1

Object:We attempted to clarify the clinical characteristics of alcoholics according to family history of alcoholism. Method:We examined 51 men alcoholics who had been admitted to alcoholic open ward in Seoul National Mental Hospital from June 1st 1996 to June 30th 1996 according to their family history of alcoholism. We perfomed semi-structured interview for demographic data, drinking history, and social consequences. Self-report questionnaires for severity of alcoholism(Alcoholism Screening Test of Seoul National Mental Hospital;NAST), depression(Korean Version Beck Depression Inventory;K-BDI) and anxiety(State-Trait Axiety Inventory;STAI-trait and state) were given to all subjects at least 2 weeks later after admission. Result: 1) The number of familial alcoholics were 22 and those of non familial alcoholics were 29. 2) Mean age on admission(p<0.05) and age when first diagnosed as alcoholism(p<0.05) was significantly younger in familial alcoholics than in non-familial alcoholics. 3) Familial alcoholics were scored significantly higher than non-familial alcoholics in Alcoholism Screening Test of Seoul National Mental Hospital(p<0.05), Korean Version Beck Depression Inventory(p<0.05), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(p<0.05). Conclusion:Therefore special attention is needed for familial alcoholics due to above clinical characteristics.

불안 장애 환자에서 바이오피드백 훈련과 약물치료의 병합 효과 분석 - 임상 특성을 중심으로 -

이준석,오동열,엄수형,소윤섭,전진용,Lee, Jun-Seok,Oh, Dong-Yul,Eom, Su-Hyung,So, Yoon-Seop,Jun, Jin-Yong 대한불안의학회 2006 대한불안의학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of combined biofeedback training with pharmacotherapy for patients with anxiety disorder. Methods : 12 patients with panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder were enrolled this study. They were tested for State Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S), State Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) and Symptom CheckList-90-Revision Somatization (SCL-90-R-SOM) before and after the biofeedback training program. Results : The score of STAI-T (p=0.023) and BDI (p=0.0018) were the significantly decreased after the biofeedback training program. In Female group, the score of STAI-T (p=0.028), STAI-S (p=0.028) and BDI (p=0.009) were significantly decreased after the biofeedback training program. In the group which age is lower than 40 years old, the score of BDI (p=0.046) were significantly decreased after the biofeedback training program. In Panic disorder group, the score of STAI-S (p=0.046) were significantly decreased after the biofeedback training program. Conclusion : The result of this study is useful for the treating the anxiety disorder patients using the biofeedback training program.

직장인의 약물 및 알코올 사용에 대한 인구역학적 연구

김기준(Ki-Jun Kim),오동열(Dong-Yul Oh),신지용(Jee-Yong Shin),이충경(Choong-Koung Lee) 한국중독정신의학회 1999 중독정신의학 Vol.3 No.1

The primary purpose of this research is the first epidemiologic study of drug and alcohol use on workplaces in Korea. In particular, this study presents epidemiological survey results administered to 518 employees for studying the use of drug and alcohol at four different worksites. In this reaearch, we examine the prevalence of drug and alcohol use and the epidemiologic risk factor of employee who has an alcoholic problem by statistical comparison with employee who has not. The drug and alcohol-related problems, experienced by employee, such as physical illness, psychiatric symptom, economic damage, car accident, and violent hehavior are also informed, using self-reported data from employees. In the following section, we describe our research limits and discuss the future workplace policy of drug and alcohol use. The results offer a significant percentage of problematic drug and alcohol users in our workplace and the worksite employees are potentially experienced in physical, psychiatrical problems by drug and alcohol use. The risk epidemiologic factors of alcohol abuse and dependence groups in employee show that the male white collar employee who is older than 30 years old with lower monthly income has higher percentage than others. In conclusion, serious consideration should be given in worksite drug and alcohol use problems and prevention, education, prospective study should be also developed continuously.

알코올의존환자들의 흡연 행태 및 단기간의 단주가 흡연에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 - 알코올병동 입원환자들을 대상으로 -

정성철(Sung-Chul Jung),오동열(Dong-Yul Oh) 한국중독정신의학회 2000 중독정신의학 Vol.4 No.2

Objectives:The present study investigated the prevalence of cigarette smoking among alcohol dependent patients, the smoking behaviors, relationship between alcohol dependence and nicotine dependence in alcoholic patients, as well as changes in smoking behaviors after some period of sobriety. Method:Questionnaires for studying the relationship between alcohol dependence and nicotine dependence were administered to 132 male alcoholic inpatients in two mental hospitals. Results:1) Among 132 male alcoholic inpatients, 96.9% of them were current smokers. their mean smoking rate was 20 cigarettes per day and their mean score of nicotine dependence scored by FTND was 5.28 (±2.16). Among 127 smoking male alcoholic inpatients, the rate of cigarette smoking after sobriety shows no changes in 49.1% of them, increases in 24.6%, decreases in 21.9%. Smoking rate before admission was negatively correlated with the changes in smoking rate after admission. Namely, who had smoked more heavily before admission smoked less frequently since admitted and vice versa. Drinking amount for three years before admission was negatively correlated with current smoking rate and drinking amount for a month before admission was positively correlated with current FTND score. 2) The earlier they had experienced drinking or had come to enjoy it, the earlier they had experienced smoking and the higher their current FTND score is. The earlier they had experienced cigarette smoking, the higher in alcohol dependence. 3) Among 127 smoking male alcoholic inpatients, 77.1% of them had the history of smoking cessation attempts or the concern about quitting smoking. 30 patients replied that he can try to quit smoking right now or in a month. 55.9% of smoking male alcoholic inpatients reported that it would be more difficult to give up cigarettes than alcohol. We imagine that the higher smoking rate before admission and current time is the major contributing factor to that difficulty. 47.2% of patients believe that cigarette smoking relieves their urge to drink. They look their smoking more positively and they had more previous episode of alcohol abstinence attempts. 35.7% of patients replied that they often had urges to drink when smoking. They had higher alcohol dependence score and more previous episode of alcohol abstinence attempts. 63.5% of patients was cooperative to the plan of ‘smoking-free’ policy but, 36.5% of patients was resistant. The cooperative patients had lower nicotine dependence score and lower rate of cigarette smoking before admission. 4) There’s no differences in smoking rate and FTND score according to the period of sobriety until eight month after sobriety. but, 4 months after sobriety smoking rate tends to be declined. As the period of sobriety prolonged, the percentage of patients believing that cigarette smoking relieves their urge to drink and considering their smoking positively increased. Conclusions:This results suggest that it is needed to consider individual differences, to strengthen their motivation and to induce active involvement of the patient to the smoking treatment. Three or four months after sobriety can be a critical period for above intervention.