무등산 도립공원의 등산로 이용현황과 등산로 선정요인

김상오,오광인 ( Sang Oh Kim,Kwang In Oh ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.2

Understanding of the reasons why users in recreation settings select particular trails may provide useful information for effective recreation resources management. This study investigated the present use of the major trails in Mudeung-san Provincial Park and the major influential factors on trail selection . This study was conducted in Mudeung-san Provincial Park stretching over Hwasun-gun and Damyang-gun of Chonnam Province and Kwang-ju city during August in 1996. Data were collected through on-site survey and mail-back questionnaire. 519(44.2%) out of 1173 survey samples were used for analysis. Reasons for selecting a particular trail were classified into 8 major factors. In overall, the order of the importance degree of the factors was 1) aesthetics of landscape, 2) safety(from physical and crime), 3) conditions for health, 4) quietness, 5) familiarity, 6) on the way to the destination, 7) convenience/social, 8) others` intention. There were differences in the degree of importance of each factor depending on trails, users` characteristics(eg., gender, age, group size, visit experience, etc.) and users` behavioral patterns. Recreation motivations were classified into 5 major factors. The order of the importance degree of the factors was 1) contacting with nature, 2) self-training, 3) solitude, 4) social interaction, 5) appreciating cultural properties. Regardless of trails, `contacting with nature` was the most important factor, and the degree of importance in the other 4 motivational factors showed only a little differences in order according to the trails. There were correlations between major factors for trail selection and recreation motivations. The results of this study may provide foundational information for establishing effective management strategies through better understanding of the present use of trails and influential factors on trail selection. It can be used for reducing the present social and ecological problems caused by use concentration on certain trails and providing users with better quality of diverse recreational experiences. This study discussed the findings, and suggested some management strategies based on these information.

Pt 균의 인공접종에 의한 상수리나무 분묘의 (盆苗) 생장과 외생균근발달 (外生菌根發達)

오광인 ( Kwang In Oh ) 한국산림과학회 1984 한국산림과학회지 Vol.67 No.1

Containerized Quercus acutissima seedlings were inoculated with vegetative mycelial inoculum of Pisolithus tinctorius and were grown in a green-house. The ectomycorrhizal fungus, P. tinctorius (Pt) increased growth of the container-grown oak seedlings. Of three treatments,. Pt inoculation stimulated remarkably primary lateral roots, shoot growth, and root collar diameter and leaf area development, compared with either non-inoculated or natural soil treatment. In addition, Pt-inoculated seedlings produced ectomycorrhizae, by 71.1 percent. However, noninoculated and naturally grown seedlings were free of natural ectomycorrhizal. Ectomycorthizal roots developed more abundantly in the middle portion of the container than in the top or bottom portions.

배양토 , 균근접종 (菌根接種) 및 질소시비 수준이 2년생 해송묘 (海松苗) 생장과 균근형성에 (菌根形成) 미치는 영향

오광인(Kwang In Oh),박화식(Whoa Shig Park) 한국산림과학회 1990 한국산림과학회지 Vol.79 No.3

This study was carried out to observe the effects of two soil mixtures, various nitrogen levels, and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of 1-year-old Pinus thunbergii seedlings in pots. The seedlings were treated with various combinations of above factors and growm one more tear in pots. 1. Number of short roots, mycorrhizal short roots, height growth, and total dry weight were higher umermiculite than in sandy loam. 2. 2-year-old P. thunbergii seedlings inoculated with Pisolitbrus tinctorius mycorrhizal fungi showed significant increase in primary lateral roots, short roots, and total dry weight than those of uninoculated seedlings. 3. The growth of 2-year-old P. thunbergii seedlings was affected by infection with mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen fertilization of precious year.

전남지방에서 분리된 외생균근균의 (外生菌根菌) 접종에 의한 상수리나무묘목의 (苗木) 생장반응과 균근의 (菌根) 분류학적 연구

오광인(Kwang In Oh),정남철(Nam Chul Jung),박화식(Whoa Sig Park) 한국산림과학회 1993 한국산림과학회지 Vol.82 No.4

Quercus acutissima ectomycorrhizae were classified as apical type, linear type, clavate type, diffuse type. pyramidal type, coralloid type, and nodular type. The surface texture of the fungal mantle at the initial stage of mycorrhizal formation was velvety. The surface texture of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) mycorrhizae at 30 September was well-developed felty mantle. Yellowish white. Except Pt all mycorrhizae formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi used to experiment were white with felty mantle. Mycorrhizae at the initial stage of mycorrhizae formation were creamy or creamy brown and swelled with thin mantle. Transverse and longitudinal sections showed radially-elongated cortical cell layers and epidermal cell with Hartig net. The transversal wideth of radially-elongated cortical and epidermal cells in the mycorrhizae with thick mantle on 30 September did not different with the mycorrhizae with thin mantle on the initial stage. Pt #250 formed coralloid mycorrizae but Pt KJ-1 did not although they are same species. On the mean length of linear type ectomycorrhizae of Pt KJ-1(2.21mm) was 1.5 times longer than that of Pt #250 (1.32mm). The total dry weight of seedlings inoculated with Pt KJ-1, Pt #250, Lycoperdon pedicellatum, Scleroderma verrucosum were significantly heavier than those of suillus granulatus, Laccaria laccata.

외생균근균과 (外生菌根菌) 질소시비수준이 졸참나무 묘목생장에 (苗木生長) 미치는 영향

오광인(Kwang In Oh),박문수(Moon Su Park) 한국산림과학회 1989 한국산림과학회지 Vol.78 No.2

This study was carried out to examine the mycorrhizal development, growth, and nutrient uptake of Quercus serrate seedlings while they were grown for 120 days in a pot medium with and without Pisolithus tinctorius, and also with applications of nitrogen levels. The results were summarized as follows : 1) Inoculated seedlings showed ectomycorrhizal formation of 61. 75%. 2) In the root development, the best nitrogen level was 300㎍/㎖ for inoculated seedlings, and the number of short roots, the number of primary lateral roots and total length of lateral roots were 34.3, 30.7, and 17.2% greater, respectively, than noninoculated seedlings. 3) Growth of shoot, leaf area, total dry weight, and volume of inoculated seedlings were increased 26.9. 52.3, 31.7, and 85.7% greater respectively, than noninoculated seedlings. 4) Inoculated seedlings were more enhanced in the uptake of N, P, K, and Ca than noninoculated seedlings, and the enhanced uptake was best shown at 300㎍ N/㎖ treatment.

대상벌채한 리기다소나무 조림지의 토양미소절지동물 분포에 관한 연구

오광인(Kwang In Oh),조희두(Hi Doo Cho),안기완(Ki Wan An),장석기(Seog Ki Jang),정진철(Jin Chul Chung),김춘식(Choon Sik Kim) 한국산림과학회 2001 한국산림과학회지 Vol.90 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate composition and distribution of the soil microarthropods in Pinus rigida plantations following strip-cutting from May 1998 to Apil 1999. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The individuals of soil microarthropods found during the research periods were 181, 904 and were identified into 21 orders in 7 classes. The classes were Arachnida, Insecta, Malacostra, Pauropoda, Diplopoda, Chilopoda and Symphyla. 2. The population density of the soil microarthropods was 82,962 individuals at the control area, 62,688 individuals at the reserve area and 36,254 individuals at the cutting area. The microarthropods in the control area were 2 times higher than those in the cutting area. 3. Although the major dominant taxa, Acari and Collembola, decreased in densities at the cutting area, the density reduction in Acari was higher than that in Collembola. This resulted in the increase of Collembola in terms of the relative abundance at the cutting area. 4. Among the total soil microarthropods, Arachnida was 59.74%, followed by Insecta of 39.82%. Such two groups comprise 99.56% of soil microarthropods. 5. According to the relative population density, Acari was 99.18% in Arachnida and 59.25% in the total and Collembola 93.99% in Insecta and 37.42% in the total. Therefore, individuals of Acari and Collembola was 96.67% of the total individuals. And the next abundant groups were Hymenoptera (0.95%), Diptera (0.64%) and Pseudoscorpiones (0.39%). 6. The population density of the soil microarthropods fluctuated seasonally, showing the bimodal pattern, being high in fall and spring. The highest density occurred in November and the lowest in July.

Growth Chamber 내에서 생육한 해송묘의 (海松苗) 생장과 균근형성

오광인(Kwang In Oh),박화식(Whoa Shig Park) 한국산림과학회 1990 한국산림과학회지 Vol.79 No.3

This study was carried out to indentify the mycorrhizal development and growth stimulation of Pinus thunbergii seedlings grown on soil growth media which mixed mith carious amounts of pine bark. The results were follow ; 1. Seedlings inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius were significantly increased in number of short roots and mycorrhizal short roots, height, maximum growth rate, and leaf area than those of no-inoculation. 2. Mycorrhizal formation according to bark contents eras highest by 25% bark treatment, and decreased in 50 and 75% bark contents. 3. Within the same treatment of bark content, seedlings inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius showed name increased height and leaf, stem, and root dry weight than those of no-inoculated.

Cu 를 처리한 토양에서 Pisolithus tinctorius 균을 접종한 곰솔유묘의 (幼苗) 외생균근발달과 (外生菌根發達) 생장

오광인,위계문 ( Kwang In Oh,Kye Moon We ) 한국산림과학회 1996 한국산림과학회지 Vol.85 No.2

This study is to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal development, growth, nutrient absorption of P. thunbergii seedlings inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius(Pt. KJ-1) in relation to toxic materials in soil. The concentrations on copper solution applied to the soils were 0, 40, 120, 260, 430ppm. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The germination of P. thunbergii with Pt. increased greater than without ectomycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal development showed a significant decreasing trend at high concentration, and tolerant Cu test with Pt. in agar plate media showed a decreasing trend at a high level. 2. P. thunbergii seedlings inoculated with Pt. showed that the shoot length was significantly promoted at 40, 120ppm copper levels, and that of noninoculated seedlings had the lowest effect in 430ppm copper level. 3. The outer shape of ectomycorrhizal root tips after inoculating Pt. on P. thunbergii seedlings appeared as a monopodial type, a fern-like type, and a cluster-like type at 0ppm, 40ppm levels, but only monopodial type came out at 260ppm, 430ppm copper levels. 4. Root length, no. of juvenile leaves, total length of juvenile leaves, total dry weight, no. of needles and total length of needles of P. thunbergii with Pt. increased greater than those of noninoculated seedling. Growth response of P. thunbergii seedling inoculated with Pt. increased significantly at 40ppm, 120ppm Cu levels. 5. As a result of analysis of growth medium, pH, Na, CEC increased at higher Cu level, and total nitrogen, organic matters, available phosphorous, K, Ca and Mg decreased at 40ppm, 120ppm Cu levels. As a result of an analysis about a copper within soils, it appeared having high Cu-concentration at 0ppm level of an inoculated Pt, and high Cu-concentration in noninoculated Pt. than in inoculated Pt. at higher level. 6. As a result of an analysis of shoot, N, P, and K-concentration were higher in noninoculated seedlings than in inoculated seedlings, and Cu-concentration was higher in inoculated seedlings than in noninoculated seedlings. The analysis of root resulted in a high N-concentration at 40ppm, 120ppm levels, in a high P-concentration in inoculated seedlings and in a high Cu-concentration in noninoculated seedlings. Cu-concentration was significantly higher at root than at shoot.

배양토 및 질소 시비 (施肥) 수준이 모래밭 버섯균 ( Pisolithus tinctorius ) 을 접종한 해송 ( Pinus thunbergii ) 묘의 (苗) 생장과 균근 (菌根) 형성에 미치는 영향

오광인,박화식 ( Kwang In Oh,Whoa Shig Park ) 한국산림과학회 1988 한국산림과학회지 Vol.77 No.4

This study was carried out for observation of growth, mycorrhizal formation and nutrient absorption of Pinus thunbergii seedlings treated with two soil mixtures and various nitrogen levels after inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus, Pisolithus tinctorius. 1. Seedlings grown on vermiculite applied with 50-150 ㎍/㎖ nitrogen levels were well developed with pinnate type and cluster-like mycorrhizae. But seedlings on sandy loam had monopodial type in addition to the above-mentioned two types. 2. Optimum fertilization Level for mycorrhizal formation is 50 or 150 ㎍/㎖ N that showed best mycorrhizal formation of 86. 4 (±3.14)% or 73.0 (±7.21)%, respectively, but increased nitrogen levels decreased formation of mycorrhizal short roots. Seedlings applied with 450㎍/㎖ nitrogen level decreased in net assimilation rate (NAR) and crop growth rate(CGR) during early growth of the seedlings, and they were increased since Aug, when nutrient application was stopped. 9. Inorganic nutrient absorption was increased more in seedlings grown on vermiculite and inoculated growth medium than those grown on sandy loam and noninoculated one, and it was gradually increased with increasing nitrogen increasing nitrogen level until 350㎍/㎖. But 450㎍/㎖ nitro gen level rather reduced absorption of nutrient.

대학교양필수과목으로서의 토익수업의 효과

신광인(Kwang-In Shin),오치성(Chi-Sung Oh) 한국중원언어학회 2012 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.24

This paper focuses on two questions: 1) what the effectiveness of TOEIC teaching as a compulsory course in a college, and 2) how we improve TOEIC class for a better result. As an answer for the first question, we found out its remarkable effectiveness through the results of simulated TOEIC tests taken 3 times in a year by the same students of a college. For the second question, we found that teaching emphasizing LC skills will help students get a higher score in a TOEIC test in a relatively short time. Based on these findings, this paper recommends TOEIC as a compulsory course in a college and teaching LC skills in a TOEIC class as well. In addition, it suggests that if we offer other English selective courses like ‘Current English Listening’ and ‘English Conversation’ with a TOEIC course at the same time, its result will be better by a synergy effect.