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사료원료 공급량 및 스크류 회전속도를 달리하여 제조한 배합사료가 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향
김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),이봉주 ( Bong Joo Lee ),배기민 ( Ki Min Bae ),안철민 ( Cheul Min An ),한현섭 ( Hyun Sob Han ) 한국수산과학회 2014 한국수산과학회지 Vol.47 No.5
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diet extruder conditions, such as feed-loading rate and screw speed, on growth performance and biochemical responses in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Over 8 wks, we used four identical diets (triplicated per treatment) with differing ratios of feed-loading rate (kg/h):screw speed (rpm/min) in a laboratory-scaled twin-screw extruder of 50:640, 80:640, 120:640, and 80:400, designated as EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, respectively. Screw speed impacted the buoyancy of experimental diets. Diets produced at a screw speed of 640 rpm/min floated for > 24 hrs, whereas those produced at a speed of 400 rpm/min sank between 10 s and 5 min. Fish that were fed EP1 and EP4 diets grew significantly faster than those fed EP2 and EP3 diets. Fish fed EP1 diets ate and gained weight most efficiently among treatments, a result that is likely to be related to feed-loading rate, i.e., ingredients extruded at a low feed-loading rate may have more time to cook in the pre-conditioner of the extruder. A cooked diet may be easier to digest in fish. Fish fed EP4 diets also showed significant weight gain, as compared to those fed EP2 and EP3 diets. However, we found no differences among treatments in proximate compositions of dorsal muscle, liver, and viscera of fish. Our results suggest that extruder conditions, may influence feed quality, impacting feed efficiency and growth of fish.
문치가자미(Limanda yokohamae)의 정자형성에 관한 미세구조적 연구
안철민,이정식,허성회,An, Cheul-Min,Lee, Jung-Sick,Huh, Sung-Hoi 한국현미경학회 1999 Applied microscopy Vol.29 No.4
Spermatogenesis and fine structure of the spermatozoon of the marbled sole, Limanda yokohamae were examined by means of the scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The process of spermatogenesis of the marbled tole is similar to that of other teleost with external fertilization. During the spermiogenesis, chromatin that has been became fine]y granular progressively condenses into many large globules and that homogeneously condensed in the spermatozoan head. A spermatozoon consists of head and tail, and the acrosome is absent. The cytoplasmic collar contained eight mitochondria is observed in the posterior part of the head. The well -developed axonemal lateral fins are observed in the tail. In the TEM observation, the cross section of the axial filament shows '9+2' axonemal structure of microtubules, and the numerous vesicles are observed in the cytoplasm. 문치가자미의 정자형성과정을 미세구조적으로 관찰한 결과 체외수정을 하는 다른 경골어류의 정자형성과정과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 정자변태과정 동안 염색질은 과립형태에서 구상으로 점차 응축하여 성숙 정자의 두부에서는 치밀하고 균질하게 된다. 정자는 두부와 미부로 구성되며, 첨체는 가지지 않는다. 두부 후방에서는 cytoplasmic collar가 관찰되었으며, cytoplasmic collar는 여덟개의 미토콘드리아를 가진다. 미부에서는 잘 발달된 axonemal lateral fin을 관찰할 수 있다. 미부 편모축사의 횡단면은 "9+2"의 미세소관 구조를 나타내며, 세포질내에 많은 수의 공포를 가진다.
단백질 및 지질함량이 다른 배합사료와 생사료로 사육한 넙치의 육질평가
안철민 ( Cheul Min An ),박희연 ( Hee Yeon Park ),손맹현 ( Meang Hyun Son ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),장미순 ( Mi Soon Jang ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2011 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.18 No.5
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of extruded pellets (EP) containing different levels of protein (51%-55%) and lipid (9%-15%) on flesh quality of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) comparing with raw fish-based moist pellet (MP). Two replicate groups of 40 fish per each tank (initial mean weight 106 g) were fed one of three experimental EP (EP1, EP2 and EP3) containing different protein and lipid levels, a commercial EP (EP4) and MP for 16 weeks. Moisture content of fish fed MP was significantly higher than that of fish fed all EP. Significantly higher contents of 16:1n-7, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3 and lower 18:2n-6 were observed in fish fed EP4 and MP compared with fish fed EP1, EP2, EP3. The 22:6n-3 content was not significantly different among all groups. Taurine content of fish fed MP was significantly higher than that of fish fed all EP. Asparagine content of fish fed EP1 was significantly higher than that of fish fed EP2, EP, EP4 and MP. Significant difference were observed in lysine and serine contents of fish fed experimental diets. In nucleotides and their related compounds, ATP and AMP content was not affected by diets. Significant difference were observed in IMP contents of fish fed experimental diets. Textural properties, no significant difference was observed among the fish groups fed different diets.
물가자미 ( Eopsetta grigorjewi ) 의 정자변태 및 정자 미세구조
안철민(Cheul Min An) 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.6
The roundnose flounder`s (Eopsetta grigorjewi) spermiogenesis and fine structure of the spermatozoon were examined by means of the scanning and transmission electron microscopy. During the spermiogenesis, the chromatin of the spermatid became fine granular form, and progressively condensed into many large globules, finally homogeneously condensed in the spermatozoan head. The main characteristics of the spermiogenesis were the disappearance of Golgi complex, the appearance of microfilament, the reduction of mitochondria and the appesrance of lysosome in the cytoplasm. A spermatozoon consisted of head and tail, but the acrosome was absent The cytoplasmic collar containing seven mitochondria was observed in the posterior part of the head: The well-developed axonemal lateral fins were observed in the tail. The cross section of the axial filament showed 9+2 axonemal structure of microtubules, and the numerous vesicles were observed in the cytoplasm.
사료 내 미역 (Undaria pinnatifida) 당단백질의 첨가가 넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus) 치어의 성장 및 면역 증강에 미치는 영향
안철민 ( Cheul Min An ),김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),김영민 ( Young Min Kim ),김인혜 ( In Hye Kim ),박수진 ( Su Jin Park ),최윤희 ( Youn Hee Choi ),남택정 ( Taek Jeong Nam ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2012 한국수산과학회지 Vol.45 No.5
This study evaluated the effects of adding sea mustard Undaria pinnat 4/ida glycoprotein to the diet of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus on its growth, and levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-l), IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), and interleukins. Three experimental diets (U0, UO.5, and U 1.0) were formulated that contained different amounts of an extract of U. pinnat4flda (0, 0.5, and 1.0%, respectively), Experimental groups were established in triplicate (30 fish/group) and fed for 12 weeks, The experimental group fed 1.0% added U pinnatjflda glycoprotein had the greatest rate of weight gain, which differed significanily from the other experimental groups. SDS-PAGE of the plasma IGF-I and muscle protein showed that the experimental groups taking U pinnatjflda glycoprotein had significantly more IGF-1 and a ca. 200kDa protein, as compared to the control group. In addition, the amount of IGF`BP-3 at ca. 43kDa increased in the group given the U. pinnatiiflda extract, as compared to the control group. The interluckin-2, -4, -6, and-12 levels paralleled the level of growth factor in the groups given the U. pinnat i/Ida extract. In conclusion, supplementing the diet of olive flounder with U. pinnatifida glycroprotein improved its growth and immunity.
참담치(Mytilus coruscus) 유래 항균 펩타이드 분리 및 정제
오륜경(Ryunkyoung Oh),이민정(Min Jeong Lee),김영옥(Young-Ok Kim),남보혜(Bo-Hye Nam),공희정(Hee Jeong Kong),김주원(Joo-Won Kim),안철민(Cheul Min An),김동균(Dong-Gyun Kim) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.11
항생제 남용의 문제점 및 사용제한에 따른 천연물 유래 항생제 대체제 개발을 위하여 우리나라와 중국, 일본에서만 서식하는 고유종인 참담치의 족부 근육 추출물로부터 항균 펩타이드를 분리 및 정제하였다. C18 역상 컬럼을 사용하여 항균 펩타이드를 정제하였으며, MALDI-TOF/MS로 분석 결과 분자량은 6,701 Da에 해당하였다. edman degradation 방법으로 N-말단 아미노산 서열 분석을 통하여 20개의 아미노산 서열을 밝혔으며 이는 캘리포니아 홍합(Mytilus californianus)의 sperm-specific protein 또는 protamine-like PL-II/PL-IV precursor와 100% 상동성을 지님을 밝혀냈다. 이러한 정보를 바탕으로 ORF를 분석한 결과 60개의 아미노산을 코딩하는 183 bp로 캘리포니아 홍합의 protamine-like PL-II/PL-IV precursor와 아미노산 서열이 100% 일치하였고 유전자 염기서열은 97.2%의 상동성을 나타냈다. 합성된 항균 펩타이드는 그람 양성 균주 Bacillus cereus (MEC, 20.8 μg/ml), Bacillus subtilis(MEC, 0.2 μg/ml), Streptococcus mutans (MEC, 0.2 μg/ml), 그람 음성 균주 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MEC, 5.7 μg/ml), Escherichia coli (MEC, 2.6 μg/ml) 그리고 진균류 Candida albicans (MEC, 56.3 μg/ml)의 항균활성을 나타냈다. 또한 높은 열안정성을 지녔으며, C. albicans를 제외하고 염안정성을 지닌 항균 펩타이드로 확인되었다. 이를 통해 참담치 유래의 항균 펩타이드는 항생제 대체제의 후보소재로 높은 가능성을 지녔다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 분리한 참담치 족부 근육 유래 항균 펩타이드는 향후 추가적인 연구를 통하여 항생제를 대체할 수 있는 물질의 개발이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 해양무척추동물의 선천성 면역 기작에 대한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대한다. In this study, we investigated antimicrobial peptide from the acidified muscle extract of Mytilus coruscus, which mostly inhabits China, Japan, and Korea, to develop a natural product-derived antibiotics substitution in terms of its abuse and restriction. Antimicrobial peptide was purified by C18 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and was detected as having a molecular mass of 6,701 Da by MALDI-TOF/MS. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified peak was obtained from edman degradation, and 20 identified residues shown 100% identity with the N-terminus region of sperm-specific protein and protamine-like PL-II/PL-IV precursor of Mytilus californianus. We also identified 60 open-reading frame (ORF) encoding amino acids with 183 bp of purified peptide based on the obtained amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of ORF showed 100% and the nucleotide sequence revealed 97.2% identity with the protamine-like PL-II/PL-IV precursor of Mytilus californianus. Synthesized antimicrobial peptide showed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus cereus (minimal effective concentration [MEC], 20.8 μg/ml), Bacillus subtilis (MEC, 0.2 μg/ ml), Streptococcus mutans (MEC, 0.2 μg/ml), gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MEC, 5.7 μg/ml), Escherichia coli (MEC, 2.6 μg/ml) and fungi, Candida albicans (MEC, 56.3 μg/ml). In addition, synthesized peptide showed stable activities under heat and salt conditions against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but was inhibited by salt against only C. albicans. With these results, isolated peptide from M. coruscus could be an alternative agent to antibiotics for defending against pathogenic microorganisms, and helpful information to understand the innate immune system of marine invertebrates.
베도라치 ( Pholis nebulosa ) 피부계의 미세구조
이정식(Jung Sick Lee),안철민(Cheul Min An),허성회(Sung Hoi Huh) 한국수산과학회 2000 한국수산과학회지 Vol.33 No.2
To provide basic information on the integumentary system of the blenny, Pholis nebulosa, ultrastructures of epidermal and dermal layer were examined by means of the light and transmission electron microscope. The skin of the blenny consisted of epidermal and dermal layer. Epidermal layer consisted of supporting cell and unicellular gland. The supporting cells were classified into superficial cell, intermediated cell and basal cell, and the gland cells were classified into mucous secretory cell and club cell. The cytoplasm of supporting cells was divided into cortex and medullar part. In the cortex and medullar part, microfilaments and cell organelles were well developed, respectively. Superficial cell of epidermal layer was cuboidal and contained nucleus of horseshoe shape. Intermediated cell had a nucleus of irregular form and the electron density was higher than the other supporting cells. Basal cell was columnar, but nucleus was situated in the upper cytoplasm. Cell organelles of the basal cell were poor than the other supporting cells, but membrane interdigitations were well developed. The cytoplasm of mucous secretory cell had a well-developed ovoid secretory granules, which reacted to red with AB-PAS reaction. The club cell had a well-developed round secretory granules and endoplasmic reticulum. Pigment cells were classified into two type. The one contained pigment granules of electron dense, and the other contained reflecting platelets. The cytoplasm of fibrocyte had a well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum.