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국내 유통 농산물 중 과채류와 근채류의 잔류농약 모니터링 및 위해성 평가
안지운 ( Ji Woon Ahn ),전영환 ( Young Hwan Jeon ),황정인 ( Jeong In Hwang ),김효영 ( Hyo Young Kim ),김지환 ( Ji Hwan Kim ),정덕화 ( Duck Hwa Chung ),김장억 ( Jang Eok Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.2
전국 6개 도시에서 유통되고 있는 농산물 중 과채류인 토마토와 참외, 근채류인 마늘, 감자 및 양파에 대한 농약잔류실태와 위해성을 평가하였다. 수집된 250점의 시료는 GC/ECD, GC/NPD 및 HPLC/UVD을 이용한 다성분 동시분석법으로 잔류농약을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 42점 시료에서 17종의 농약이 검출되었으며, 관행농산물 32점, 유기농산물 1점, 무농약농산물 4점, 저농약농산물 5점에서 검출되었다. 1점의 관행농산물 감자에서 검출된 myclobutanil, 8점의 관행농산물 및 2점의 저농약농산물 참외에서 검출된 procymidone은 작물에 대한 농약 잔류허용기준이 설정되어 있지 않은 농약이었으며, 관행농산물 감자에서 검출된 fenbuconazole 1점과 관행농산물 토마토에서 검출된 phorate 1점의 검출량은 잔류허용기준치를 초과하여 부적합 농산물로 분류되었다. 검출된 농약과 그 검출량을 토대로 농약의 1일 섭취허용량을 산출하여 식품을 통해 매일 섭취되는 농약이 인간에게 미치는 위해도를 평가한 결과 ADI 대비 최저 0.0064%에서 최고 4.6035%로 낮은 %ADI 값을 보였고 5종의 농산물 섭취에 의한 위해성은 낮은 것으로 판단되었다. BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to monitor the residue of pesticides and to assess their risk in domestic agricultural products, such as fruit vegetables, tomatoes, oriental melons and root vegetables, garlic, potatoes and onions. METHODS AND RESULTS: 250 samples containing both general and environment-friendly certified agricultural products were collected from traditional markets and supermarkets in 6 cities. 132 pesticides except for herbicides were analysed using the multi-residue methods by GC/ECD, GC/NPD and HPLC/UVD. 17 kinds of pesticides were detected from 42 samples, which were 32 general, 1 organic, 4 pesticide-free and 5 low pesticide agricultural products. Among those, myclobutanil detected in 1 potato and procymidone detected in 10 oriental melons were unregistered pesticides for using in Korea, Fenbuconazole detected in 1 potato and phorate detected in 1 tomato were exceeded over the MRLs established by Korea Food and Drug Administration, CONCLUSION: Based on these results, a risk assesment was conducted using a percentage of acceptable daily intake (%ADI). %ADI ranged from 0.0064% to 4.6035%, and showed these values have no effect on human health.
Triazole계 살균제의 사과 중 잔류양상의 Kinetic Model 적용
김지환 ( Ji Hwan Kim ),황정인 ( Jeong In Hwang ),전영환 ( Young Hwan Jeon ),김효영 ( Hyo Young Kim ),안지운 ( Ji Woon Ahn ),김장억 ( Jang Eok Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2012 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.55 No.4
While cultivating crops, it is important to predict the biological half-lives of applied pesticides to ensure the safety of agricultural products. Dissipation patterns of the triazole fungicides, such as diniconazole and metconazole, during the cultivation of apple were established by utilizing the dissipation curve. As well as, the biological half-lives of the pesticides in apples were calculated using the residue amounts of them. The apples were harvested from 0 to 14 days after spraying diniconazole (WP) and metconazole (SC) at a recommended and three times of the recommended dose. Initial concentrations of diniconazole in apple were 0.09 and 0.15 mg/kg at a recommended and three times of the recommended dose, respectively, which were below MRL 1.0 mg/kg established by KFDA. The equations of biological half-life were Ct=0.0811e-0.179x(half life: 3.9 days) and Ct=0.1451e-0.148x (half life: 4.7 days), respectively. In case of metconazole, initial concentrations in apple were 0.10 and 0.25 mg/kg, below MRL 1.0mg/kg, and biological half-life equations were Ct=0.0857e-0.055x (half life: 12.6 days) and Ct=0.2304e-0.052x (half life: 13.3 days), respectively. Therefore, when triazole fungicides were applied during the cultivation of apple, the biological half-life need to be calculated with the optimal equation model.
연구논문 : 컨조인트 기법을 적용한 풍력발전의 다속성 가치 추정
배정환 ( Jeong Hwan Bae ),안지운 ( Ji Woon Ahn ) 한국환경정책학회 2008 環境政策 Vol.16 No.3
As a solution to present fossil energy depletion crisis and climate change, wind power has attention among EU, USA, Japan as well as our country. However, recent experience in fostering wind power shows significant negative impacts on residents as well as natural environment. This study aims at extracting multi-attributes of wind power and deriving part-worth of each attribute applying conjoint analysis. The attributes confine local economic growth, enhancement of energy security, air quality improvement, distortion of ecosystem, and change of landscape. Econometric models applied in the analysis are multinomial logit and rank-ordered logit model. We found people are inclined to evaluate value of positive attributes much higher than that of negative attributes. The other important findings show that people living in local areas or having been in wind power complex evaluate the value of local economic growth effect, distorted ecosystem, and damaged landscape higher than people living in metropolitan areas or not having been in the wind power complex.
국내 미등록 유기인계 농약의 수입 농식품에 대한 다성분 잔류분석법
전영환 ( Young Hwan Jeon ),황정인 ( Jeong In Hwang ),안지운 ( Ji Woon Ahn ),김효영 ( Hyo Young Kim ),도정아 ( Jung Ah Do ),오재호 ( Jae Ho Oh ),황인균 ( In Gyun Hwang ),임무혁 ( Moo Hyeog Im ),이중근 ( Joong Keun Lee ),이영득 ( Yo 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.3
외국으로부터 수입되는 농식품에 대하여 국내에 미등록 된 유기인계 농약 aspon, chlorthion, chlorthiophos, crotoxyphos, demeton-O, demeton-S, demeton-S-methyl, dioxathion, heptenophos, iodofenphos, leptophos, methyl-trithion, propetamphos 및 sulfotep 등 14종에 대한 안전성 평가를 위하여 다성분 잔류분석법을 확립하고자 하였다. 잔류분석법은 식품의약품안전청에서 고시한 다종농약다성분 동시분석법-제2법에 잘 적용되었다. 수입 농산물의 대표 시료로 선정된 현미와 오렌지에 대한 유기인계 농약 14종 대한 잔류분석법의 밸리데이션을 실시한 결과 특이성, 직선성, 정확성, 정밀성 및 정량한계 수준을 만족시키는 것으로 나타났다. 단지 crotoxyphos의 경우는 기기상의 정량한계가 낮아서 저농도에서의 회수율은 좋지 않은 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 확립된 다성분 잔류분석법은 수입 농산물 중 crotoxyphos를 제외한 aspon외 12종의 유기인계 농약에 대해 적용 가능한 것으로 나타났다. BACKGROUND: For safety evaluation of imported agri-food in Korea, the multiresidue analysis method was establised for unregistered organophosphorus pesticides, aspon, chlorthion, chlorthiophos, crotoxyphos, demeton-O, demeton-S, demeton-S-methyl, dioxathion, heptenophos, iodofenphos, leptophos, methyl-trithion, propetamphos and sulfotep. METHODS AND RESULTS: The used method for multiresidue analysis in brown rice and orange used as representative samples of imported agri-food was the official method of Korean Food and Drug Administration. The results of validation test of 13 organophosphorus pesticides except crotoxyphos for multiresidue analysis method are compared to the criteria such as specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and limit of quantification. CONCLUSION: The used method for multiresidue analysis of unregistered 13 organophosphorus pesticides except crotoxyphos in Korea can surely be used as an official method for routine analysis of imported agri-food.
살충제 Flubendiamide의 복숭아 품종에 따른 잔류양상
김효영 ( Hyo Young Kim ),황정인 ( Jeong In Hwang ),이은향 ( Eun Hyang Lee ),전영환 ( Young Hwan Jeon ),김지환 ( Ji Hwan Kim ),안지운 ( Ji Woon Ahn ),박현주 ( Hyun Ju Park ),정창국 ( Chang Kook Chung ),김산영 ( San Yeong Kim ),이 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.2
표면의 형태가 다른 복숭아 3품종을 선정하여 살충제 flubendiamide의 잔류양상을 조사하고 또한 전착제 사용에 따른 잔류량을 조사하였다. 복숭아 표면의 형태는 현미경으로 관찰한 결과 창방, 월미 품종의 순으로 털이 많았으며, 천홍품종은 털이 없는 것으로 나타났다. Flubendiamide의 잔류량은 털이 많은 창방에서 가장 높게 나타나 0.54 mg/kg이었으며, 월미에서 0.43 mg/kg, 그리고 천홍에서 0.10 mg/kg이었다. flubendiamide와 전착제 polyoxy ethylene methylpoly siloxane를 함께 처리를 하였을 때, 각 품종별 복숭아에 대한 농약 잔류량은 창방에서는 전착제의 사용유무에 관계없이 0.55 mg/kg로 거의 변화가 없었으며, 월미에서는 0.53mg/kg으로 0.10 mg/kg 증가하였다. 천홍에서는 0.48mg/kg으로 나타나 전착제의 사용으로 잔류량이 4.8배 증가되었다. 이러한 결과는 전착제의 사용이 표면에 털이 있는 품종에서는 농약의 잔류량을 증가시키지 않았으나, 표면에 털이 없는 품종에서는 잔류량을 증가시키는 것을 보여주었다. BACKGROUND: This research has investigated the residue patterns of insecticide flubendiamide on three species of peaches with different surface forms, and the residue amounts of them when mixed with a spreader. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pesticide used for field application on peaches was 20% flubendiamide of suspension concentrate (SC) and was sprayed at a recommended rate. The residue amounts of flubendiamide in peach were analyzed by HPLC equipped with UV detector. After the observation with a microscope, the rank of fuzz amount on peach`s surface was Kurakatawase, Wolmi in descending order and Cheonhong did not have any fuzz. The residue amounts of flubendiamide were 0.54mg/kg for Kurakatawase, 0.43 mg/kg for Wolmi and 0.10mg/kg for Cheonhong, respectively. When flubendiamide was used with a spreader, polyoxy ethylene methylpoly siloxane, the residue amount for Kurakatawase barely changed at 0.55 mg/kg regardless of mixing with a spreader, and at 0.53 mg/kg for Wolmi. In Cheonhong, the residue amount was 0.48 mg/kg, which increased by 4.8 times due to the use of a spreader. CONCLUSION: This result indicates that the residue amounts of flubendiamde were affected by the surface forms of peaches, and in the presence of a spreader the residue amount did not increase in fuzzy species, but was affected greatly for species without fuzz.
연구보문 : 환경화학 ; 유통 중인 관행 및 인증 농산물 중 곡류와 엽채류의 잔류농약 모니터링 및 안전성 평가
김효영 ( Hyo Young Kim ),전영환 ( Young Hwan Jeon ),황정인 ( Jeong In Hwang ),김지환 ( Ji Hwan Kim ),안지운 ( Ji Woon Ahn ),정덕화 ( Duck Hwa Chung ),김장억 ( Jang Eok Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2011 한국환경농학회지 Vol.30 No.4
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to monitor the current status of pesticide residues and to assess their risk in domestic agricultural products. The samples were rice, barley, lettuce and perilla leaf. These four types of agricultural products were those with GAP(Good Agricultural Practice) certification, organic agricultural products, pesticide-free agricultural products or general agricultural products. METHODS AND RESULTS: They were purchased from traditional markets and supermarkets of 12 regions in Korea from July to August 2010. The total number of samples was 259 for agricultural products and these were analyzed by GC/ECD, GC/NPD and GC/MSD. We used multiresidue methods to analyze for 110 different pesticides except for herbicides. CONCLUSION: In this study, residual pesticides were detected in 18 samples. Among these general agricultural products, organic agricultural products and products with GAP-certification were detected in 12, 4 and 2 samples, respectively. Detection rates of general agricultural products, organic agricultural products and products with GAP-certification were 4.6%, 1.5% and 0.8% respectively. Pesticides were not detected in pesticide-free agricultural products. Their detection levels were less than their maximum residue levels. Their estimated daily intakes ranged from 0.0003% to 0.04302% of their acceptable daily intakes, of which the values have no effect on human health.