비산단지역 주민 피부 알레르기반응에 관한 연구

안승철,김대선,유화연,권영민,주덕현,Ahn, Seung-Chul,Kim, Dae-Seon,Yu, Hwa-Yon,Kwon, Young-Min,Zoo, Duck-Hyun 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.5

Objectives: In order to investigate the relation between environmental pollution and its effect on human health in large-scale industrial complex regions, monitoring studies have been conducted since 2003. The main purpose of this Gangneung study is to produce background data which can be compared with several large-scale industrial complex regions such as Ulsan, Sihwa, Banwol, Gwangyang, Yeosu, Pohang and Cheongju Daesan industrial complexes. Methods: In this Gangneung study, 1,007 local residents were recruited and the framework of this study was designed to evaluate and monitor health effects associated with low-level but long-term exposure to environmental pollutants. A survey was performed based on personal questionnaires, medical check-ups, and allergy skin prick tests for twelve common allergens. The authors reviewed the prevalence rate of skin allergens in Gangneung compared with in large-scale industrial areas. The results are summarized as follows. Results: The diagnosis prevalence and medical treatment prevalence of asthma were lower than in industrial complex regions, but allergic rhinitis was higher. The allergy skin test prevalence was 26.0% and the most common allergens were dust mites (D. pteronysinus 16.7% and D. farinae 16.3%). Conclusions: The positive findings of the skin prick test were similar with large-scale industrial complex regions in Korea. Further study is required to find the cause of the regional differences in skin prick prevalence.

층화 무관질문모형

안승철(Seung-Chul Ahn),이기성(Gi-Sung Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2003 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.5 No.4

본 논문에서는 사회적으로나 개인적으로 매우 민감한 조사에서 세대별, 연령별, 또는 계층별에 따라 조사하고자 하는 모집단이 여러 개의 층으로 구성되어 있는 경우에, Greenberg et al.이 제안한 무관질문모형에서 사용한 단순임의추출법 대신에 층화추출법을 적용하여 각 층의 모비율에 대한 추정뿐만 아니라 모집단 전체 모비율에 대한 추정을 할 수 있는 층화 무관질문모형을 제안하고자 한다. 그리고, 층화추출에 있어서 각 층의 크기를 모르는 경우에 층화표본을 위하여 이중추출법(double sampling)을 이용하는 층화이중 무관질문모형을 제안하고자 한다. 또한, 제안한 모형들에 있어서 각 층의 표본배분에 대하여 비례배분과 최적배분을 고려하여 다루고자 한다. In the surveys of sensitive issues of the population that is composed of several stratum, we propose the unrelated question model by stratified simple random sampling. Also, when the population is composed of several unknown-size stratum, we propose the unrelated question model by stratified double sampling. And, we consider two types of sample allocations under the fixed cost, which are the proportional allocation, the optimum allocation. In efficiency, the model by stratified simple random sampling are compare to the model by simple random sampling, the model by stratified double sampling.

2단계 집락 무관질문기법에서 부차표본의 최상선택

안승철(Seung-Chul Ahn),이기성(Gi-Sung Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2002 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.4 No.4

본 논문에서는 모집단이 민감한 속성을 갖는 여러 개의 집락으로 구성되어 있을 때, 2단계 집락추출법에 무관질문기법을 적용하여 민감한 속성에 대한 정보를 얻을 수 있는 2단계 집락 무관질문기법을 제안하고자 한다. 그리고, 비용비와 분산비를 알고 있을 때, 일정한 비용 하에서 분산을 최소로 하는 부차표본의 수에 대한 최적값을 구하고, 비용비와 분산비는 모르지만 일정한 구간에 존재할 경우 상대효율이 적어도 90%가 되도록 하는 Mohammad(1986)의 방법을 이용하여 부차표본의 수를 구해 보고자 한다. When the population is made up of the several clusters having the sensitive character, we can obtain the information for the sensitive issue using two-stage cluster unrelated question technique. We find the optimal subsample size which minimizes the variance under the fixed constant cost when both of the cost and variance ratios are known. We suggest an alternative method to find the best subsample size ensuring at least 90% of the relative efficiency by using the Mohammad s method when the cost ratios are given by intervals and values but on the other hand the variance ratios are only given by interval.

직접질문에 의한 양적속성의 조건부 무관질문모형

안승철(Seung Chul Ahn),이기성(Gi Sung Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2003 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.5 No.3

본 논문에서는 덜 민감한 속성 B 에 대하여 응답자들에게 직접질문을 하여 “예”라고 응답한 사람들에게만 Greenberg의 양적속성의 무관질문모형을 사용하도록 하여 민감한 변수 X 에 대한 정보를 얻을 수 있는 직접질문에 의한 양적속성의 조건부 무관질문모형을 제안하고자 한다. 그리고, 제안한 모형을 무관한 변수의 모평균을 모르고 있을 때 두 개의 독립표본을 이용하는 직접질문에 의한 양적속성의 이표본 조건부 무관질문모형으로 확장하고자 한다. 또한, 제안한 모형과 Greenberg 등의 양적속성의 무관질문모형과의 효율성을 비교해 보고자 한다. We suggest a conditional unrelated question model with quantitative attribute by direct question that can be used in obtaining more sensitive information. For whom say “yes” about the less than sensitive question B we ask only about the more sensitive variable X . We extend our model to two sample case when there is no information about the true mean of the unrelated variable Y . Finally we compare the efficiency of our model with that of Greenberg et al. s.

비산단지역 환경오염 수준 및 주민의 생체지표 모니터링

김대선,안승철,류정민,유승도,Kim, Dae-Seon,Ahn, Seung Chul,Ryu, Jung Min,Yu, Seung Do 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.6

Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to produce background data which can be compared with data on vulnerable areas such as industrial complexes in Ulsan, SihwaBanwol, Gwangyang, Yeosu, Pohang, Cheongju and Daesan in Korea. Methods: This study was performed on 1,007 local residents in Gangneung using personal questionnaires and medical check-up. Environmental pollutants including heavy metals in blood and urine were analyzed and the results are as follows. Results: According to the results of medical check-up, 705 subjects were "Normal (A and B)", 232 subjects were "Disease doubtful (R1)" and 70 subjects were "High blood pressure or Diabetes doubtful (R2)". Regarding geometric mean concentration, blood lead was 1.57 ${\mu}g/dL$, urine cadmium was 0.82 ${\mu}g/g-cr$, urine mercury was 0.98 ${\mu}g/g-cr$ and urine arsenic was 15.78 ${\mu}g/g-cr$. In the analysis of 11 kinds of VOCs in blood, vinyl chloride, 1,3-butadiene and dichloroethylene were not detected, while the detection rate of other chemicals was above 70% except chloroform(49.7%) and trichloroethylene(19.0%). In analysis of 16 kinds of PAHs in blood, 10 kinds showed more than 80% in detection rate. Also, detection rate of 4 kinds of PCBs in blood ranged 52 to 78%. Conclusions: Compared with industrial compelxes, the concentration of blood lead was lower, while urine cadmium and mercury levels were similar. Also, urine arsenic ranged at a significant level. Further study is required to find the cause of regional differences in concentrations of environmental pollutants.

층화 가법 양적속성 확률화응답모형

이기성,안승철,홍기학,손창균,Lee, Gi-Sung,Ahn, Seung-Chul,Hong, Ki-Hak,Son, Chang-Kyoon 한국통계학회 2014 응용통계연구 Vol.27 No.2

본 논문에서는 사회적으로나 개인적으로 매우 민감한 조사에서 조사하고자 하는 모집단이 여러 개의 층으로 구성되어 있고, 각 층이 양적인 속성으로 되어 있는 경우에 Himmelfarb-Edgell의 가법 모형과 Gjestvang-Singh의 가법 모형에 단순임의추출법 대신에 층화추출법을 적용한 층화 가법 양적속성 확률화응답모형을 제안하였다. 제안한 두 모형으로부터 각 층의 양적속성에 대한 모평균의 추정뿐만 아니라 모집단 전체 모평균에 대한 추정을 할 수 있는 이론적 체계를 마련하였다. 그리고 제안한 두 모형에서 비례배분과 최적배분 문제를 다루었으며, 각 배분법에 따른 분산식을 도출하였다. 마지막으로 두 층화 가법 양적속성 확률화응답모형들 간의 효율성을 비교해 본 결과 Gjestvang-Singh의 층화 가법 모형이 Himmelfarb-Edgell의 층화 가법 모형보다 효율적으로 나타났고, 특히 hh값이 작을수록 즉, 제시한 모형의 특성이 직접질문에 가까워질수록 Gjestvang-Singh의 층화 가법 모형의 효율성이 커짐을 알 수 있었다. For a sensitive survey in which the population is composed by several strata with quantitative attributes, we present an additive stratified quantitative attribute randomized response model which applied stratified random sampling instead of simple random sampling to the models of Himmelfarb-Edgell's additive quantitative attribute model and Gjestvang-Singh's. We also establish theoretical grounds to estimate the stratum mean of sensitive quantitative attributes as well as the over all mean. We deal with the proportional and optimal allocation problems in each suggested model and compare the relative efficiency of the suggested two models; subsequently, Himmelfarb-Edgell's model is more efficient than Gjestvang-Singh's model under the condition of stratified random sampling.

수은 고노출 지역 초등학생의 수은노출관련 건강영향 연구

김대선,안승철,정희웅,권영민,최경희,Kim, Dae Seon,Ahn, Seung Chul,Chung, Hee-Ung,Kwon, Young Min,CHOI, Kyunghee 한국환경보건학회 2015 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.41 No.4

Objectives: According to the 2007 Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KNEHS), some areas in the Gyeongsang Provinces showed very high blood mercury levels in adults. We conducted this project to investigate any related health effects in children due to mercury levels in these areas. Methods: In total, 1,097 students between grades 3 and 6 at 19 elementary schools were recruited from four areas with high mercury exposure as identified by the KNEHS. Total mercury levels in biological samples were compared with health check-ups performed on the schoolchildren. Biological monitoring, supported by questionnaires, a computerized neurobehavioral test, a posturography test and a personality test, were applied. Results: Triglycerides showed a significant relation with mercury in blood, urine and hair. Total mercury concentrations were divided into two groups: upper and lower concentration groups based on the median value. In the computerized neurobehavioral test, the upper blood mercury group showed a greater reaction time for color-word vigilance (p<0.05). In the posturography test, the intensity value of the tremor test showd high significant relations with mercury levels (p<0.01). In the personality test, self-consciousness, misdeeds and family relationships showed significant differences between the upper and lower urine mercury groups (p<0.01), and specific reactions, ego resilience and hyperactivity also showed some differences (p<0.1). Conclusion: Some items in the neurobehavioral test, posturography test and personality test showed significant relations with biological mercury levels. Therefore, monitoring and appropriate management of students showing high mercury levels are recommended in order to reduce their mercury exposure.

폐금속광산 지역주민의 요중 카드뮴 수준 및 골밀도와의 관련성

정경식,김남수,안승철,이병국,Jung, Kyung-Sick,Kim, Nam-Soo,Ahn, Seung-Chul,Lee, Byung-Kook 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.4

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure on of bone mineral density (BMD) levels. Methods: A total of 171 residents around abandoned mines in Chungcheongnam-do were surveyed in 2008-2011. Urinary Cd and BMD were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry and Dual-Energy X-ray absorptionmetry, respectively. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were defined by T-scores set by the WHO; Tscore ${\geq}$ -1.0, normal; -1.0 > T-score > -2.5, osteopenia; and T-score ${\leq}$ -2.5, osteoporosis. Logistic and multiple linear regressions were applied to estimate the association between U-Cd levels and BMD. Results: The U-Cd geometric mean of 171 Koreans was 2.79 ${\mu}g/g{\cdot}cr$. The U-Cd concentration was significantly higher among women (2.98 ${\mu}g/g{\cdot}cr$) than men (2.39 ${\mu}g/g{\cdot}cr$). With the multiple regression model, the BMD was influenced by U-Cd, BMI, and monthly income. With the logistic regression model, osteoporosis was associated with U-Cd levels (OR = 3.239, 95% CI = 1.770-5.927). Conclusions: We conclude that exposure to cadmium is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis.

심혈관계 질환 위험요인으로서의 중금속 - 납과 수은에 대한 분석 -

김대선,유승도,차정훈,안승철,이은희,Kim, Dae-Seon,Yu, Seung-Do,Cha, Jung-Hoon,Ahn, Seung-Chul,Lee, Eun-Hee 대한예방의학회 2005 예방의학회지 Vol.38 No.4

Objectives : We wanted to investigate the relationship between heavy metal, especially lead and mercury, to the blood pressure and cholesterol level in children. Methods : This study was undertaken in three primary schools and the study subjects were a total of 274 children. The lead in the blood and the urine mercury were analyzed by performing atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results : All of participants' blood lead levels and urine mercury concentrations were below the suggested level of concern according to the criteria of the CDC and ATSDR. We found no significant correlation between lead, mercury and the blood pressure. The blood lead level did not show any relationship with the blood pressure and cholesterol. However, the urine mercury levels were associated with the serum cholesterol. Conclusion : Our study suggests that mercury can induce an increase of cholesterol as a risk factor of myocardial infraction and coronary/cardiovascular disease.

비산단 지역주민들의 Skin Prick Test를 통한 알레르기 반응률 조사

김대선(Dae Seon Kim),안승철(Seung Chul Ahn),류정민(Jung Min Ryu),남상훈(Sang Hoon Nam),유승도(Seung Do Yu) 환경독성보건학회 2013 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2013 No.5