청소년의 스트레스와 사회적 지원 및 부적응

심희옥(Hee Og Sim) 한국아동학회 1995 兒童學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

The present study explored a factor, social support, that could mediate the relationship between negative life events and behavioral problems during adolescence. It was hypothesized that social support from parents, peers, and teachers would be an effective mediator between negative life events and delinquent behavior. Data were collected from 161 of the 9th graders in a high school in a coastal community of Oregon. A series of path analyses using regression techniques was used to examine the research hypotheses. Results indicated that social support mediated the relationship between negative life events and delinquent behavior, implying the importance of social support from family, peers, and school in preventing delinquent behavior among adolescents. That is, negative life events were found to exert influence indirectly upon delinquent behavior through its direct effect on social support. Results were discussed in relation to the effects of negative life events on social support and delinquent behavior.

가정생활에서 마음이 자유로워지고 싶어하는 부정적인 모성콤플렉스를 지닌 여성의 모래놀이치료 사례연구

심희옥 ( Hee-og Sim ) 대한가정학회 2018 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.56 No.4

This study explored the sandplay therapy case of a woman with a negative mother complex who wants to be free from family life. The goal of the therapy was to make her free from family life by expressing repressed emotions for getting out of a negative mother complex under a free and protected space in sandplay therapy. Twenty-three therapy sessions were held. The client exhibited a singing woman in a gorgeous dress and things she wanted to do in the initial phase of therapy (1-4, forgotten myself). In the intermediate phase of therapy (5-15, differentiation and integration), she displayed the scenes of differentiation and integration by emotionally getting rid of a begging boy and making mandalas. In the final phase of therapy (16-23, recovered myself), she showed scenes of rebirth, upgrading and singing songs again in front of family members and many people. Through sandplay therapy in the free and protected space, this study showed the effectiveness of sandplay therapy since the client achieved individuation by showing rebirth, having a new personality.

어머니와 오빠의 심한 갈등 속에서 생활하는 초등학생 여아의 모래놀이치료 사례연구

심희옥(Hee Og Sim) 한국아동학회 2015 아동학회지 Vol.36 No.1

This study explored the sandplay therapy case of an elementary school-aged girl living in a home in which there exist severe conflicts between her mother and older brother. This study focused heavily on fairy tales. The goal of the therapy was to encourage appropriate adjustments with the girl’s situation within the free and protected space of sandplay therapy. Forty-four therapy sessions were held. The client exhibited evidence of feelings of being abandoned and of becoming lethargic in the initial phase of therapy (1~10, forsakenness/sleeping family). In the intermediate phase of therapy (11~38, regression, opposition and purification/growth), as she displayed signs of regression, princess play, the opposition of goodness and badness and purification, she grew psychologically. In the final phase of therapy (39~ 44, redemption/rebirth of new consciousness), she was redeemed and reborn with a new sense of consciousness. Using sandplay therapy in a free and protected space, this study showed the various motives of fairy tales in the psyche of a pre-adolescence girl and the effectiveness of sandplay therapy.

또래지지와 대인관계 갈등 대처방법 및 사회적 기술과의 관계

심희옥(Hee Og Sim) 한국아동학회 2000 아동학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study explored the relationship between peer support, strategies used to cope with interpersonal stressors, and social skills among 4th and 5th graders. Instruments were the Social Support Appraisal Scale, the Self-Report Coping Scale, and the Teenage Inventory of Social Skills. Results showed that children used different coping strategies by the level of peer support. Children with more peer support were more active in seeking social support and in solving peer conflict. Children with more problems in peer relationships used more avoidance strategies such as internalization and externalization. Children with a high level of social skills were more likely to use approach strategies in peer conflict while children with a low level of social skills were more likely to employ avoidance strategies. Internalization was the most important strategy in explaining inappropriate peer relationships. For girls, social skill was the most essential variable in their peer relationships.

모래놀이치료로 여성성을 회복해 가는 이혼가정의 초등학교 5학년 여아에 대한 사례연구

심희옥 ( Hee Og Sim ) 대한가정학회 2011 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.49 No.1

This study explored how a 5th grade girl from a divorced family recovered her femininity through the sandplay therapy. The client was referred by a social worker in her school because of maladjustments such as passivity in school work, poor peer relations, especially with girls, the usage of bad language and a lack of concern about her appearance. There were 41 sessions of the therapy. The first part of the therapy included 1-7 sessions, the middle part 8-35, and the final part 36-41. The client expressed her situation by showing guardians and a peeing boy and by seeking love in the first part. During the middle part she put copper ballerinas and needed to make them alive. In the final part she set figures facing each other who seemed to have mutual understandings and placed cars running well. The client recovered her femininity through the sandplay therapy in a free and protected space.

아동의 외현적, 관계적 공격성 및 친사회성과 또래관계와의 횡,종단적 관계

심희옥(Hee Og Sim) 한국아동학회 2005 아동학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Data were collected by peer nomination and sociometric nomination when children were in 4th grade and again two years later. Concurrent results of peer nominations were that prosocial children were more accepted while overtly/relationally aggressive children were more rejected by peers. Peer acceptance of males at Time 1 affected peer acceptance at Time 2. Peer rejection of females at Time 2 wasn`t affected by overt aggression at Time 1. Cross-sectional results of social status were that rejected and controversial children showed higher levels of overt aggression than any other group. Popular children were most prosocial; rejected children were least prosocial. In the prospective view, aggressive males remained more rejected than any other group. Rejected children remained least prosocial.

관계에 어려움이 있는 중년기 여성의 모래놀이치료 사례연구

심희옥 ( Hee-og Sim ) 대한가정학회 2017 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.55 No.3

This study explored the sandplay therapy case of a middle-aged woman having difficulty with interpersonal relationships and wanting to increase her self-identity. The goal of the therapy was to change her relationships with others by self-examination and becoming conscious of her negative animus and femininity in a free and protected space provided by sandplay therapy. Forty-five therapy sessions were held. The client exhibited her lonesomeness and fantasies by making sandtrays of a house she would like to live in, a park she would like to relax at and dreams she would like to fulfill in the initial phase of therapy (1~8, Who am I?). In the intermediate phase of therapy (9~33, Meeting myself), she displayed scenes of her negative self and breaking away from her negative self by making sandtrays of shadows, deaths, creations, a soaring scene and a disappearing alligator. In the final phase of therapy (34~45, Discovery of the real Self), she showed scenes of her meeting a positive self by making sandtrays of hope, coexistence, start, harmony and community. This study showed the effectiveness of sandplay therapy since the client` relationships with others were improved through her self-awareness by sandplay therapy in the free and protected space.

틱문제로 의뢰된 아동의 모래놀이치료 사례연구

심희옥(Hee-og Sim) 한국아동학회 2021 아동학회지 Vol.42 No.5

Objectives: This study examined sandplay therapy in an elementary school boy with tic problems. The goal of the therapy was to reduce his tic problems by offering a free and protected space of sandplay therapy. Methods: The sandboxes were analyzed focusing on analytical psychology and theories of sandplay therapy using Turner (2005)’s content themes, which were the most comprehensive themes. Results: Seventy-seven therapy sessions were performed. The client showed a race car that was stuck in the sand and then rescued by forklifts in the initial phase of therapy (1-2, a race car stuck in the sand). In the intermediate phase of the therapy (3-70, struggle), he showed regression, meeting the opposites, victory of small animals, construction, and death. In the final phase of therapy (71-77, race, death II, adaptation to reality), he showed race, death, and adaptation to reality. Conclusion: The client who was entering adolescence saw life as a race. However, the race car that was moving toward masculinity was stuck in the sand. Therefore, the car was sent for repairs. In the middle of the therapy, the boy showed various fights, accidents, and construction. Lastly, there were deaths of an alligator and a bear. By showing a football match, the long journey of developing ego ended. During the therapy, archetypal patterns, such as regression to the primitive psyche, the journey of masculinity as a boy, and confrontation between good and bad, appeared. Sandplay therapy, in a free and protected space, relieved the client’s tic problems with improvement of his daily life. Thus, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of sandplay therapy.

선택적 함묵증 여아의 모래놀이치료 사례연구

심희옥(Hee Og Sim) 한국아동학회 2012 아동학회지 Vol.33 No.1

This study explored the case of sandplay therapy for a 4th grade girl suffering from selective mutism. Her selective mutism apparently began following an extremely embarrassing experience in kindergarten. Her symptoms were a combination of symbiotic, reactive and passive- aggressive type behaviors. The goal of the therapy undertaken with this child was to enable her to express her repression and suppression, within a free and protective space during sandplay therapy. There were a total of 60 sessions of sandplay therapy. The client described the situations she had experienced in the first sandtray, by placing babies absent caring adults and food on the sandbox. She also placed baby fish away from their mother. In the mid-point of the sessions, she repeated her regressive behaviors by babbling like a baby and fought with snakes and monsters. In the final sessions, she showed integration and adaptation by engaging in snow play, expressing the union of opposites, placing blue and red mig and making a cross on the sand. This study showed the effectiveness of sandplay therapy since her selective mutism was lessened.

또래 괴롭힘과 외현과 관계적 공격성에 관한 횡단 및 종단연구

심희옥(Hee-og Sim) 한국생활과학회 2007 한국생활과학회지 Vol.16 No.6