Bacillus subtilis와 Listeria monocytogenes의 일반 스트레스반응의 비교

신지현,Shin, Ji-Hyun 한국미생물학회 2009 미생물학회지 Vol.45 No.1

A diverse range of stresses such as heat, cold, salt, ethanol, oxygen starvation or nutrient starvation induces same stress-responsive proteins. This general stress response enhances bacterial survival significantly. In Bacillus subtilis and closely related Gram-positive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, the general stress response is controlled by the alternative transcription factor ${\sigma}^B$. The activity of ${\sigma}^B$ is regulated post-translationally by a signal transduction network that has been extensively studied in B. subtilis, and serve as a model for L. monocytogenes. The proposed model of L. monocytogenes signal transduction network is similar to that of B. subtilis, but the energy stress pathway is missing. More than 150 general stress proteins belong to ${\sigma}^B$ regulon of B. subtilis and L. monocytogenes. In both bacteria, ${\sigma}^B$ function is primarily important for resistance to diverse stresses. In addition, ${\sigma}^B$ function contributes to the control of important virulence genes in food-borne pathogen L. monocytogenes. Therefore, understanding of the general stress response is important not only for bacterial physiology, but also for pathogenicity. 일부 그람양성세균들은 고온, 저온, 염, 에탄올, 산소와 영양분 고갈과 같은 다양한 스트레스 상태에 노출되면, 일반 스트레스반응(general stress response)에 의해서 일련의 스트레스 단백질군을 발현시켜 외부 스트레스를 극복하고 세균의 생존력을 증가시킨다. 비병원성균인 Bacillus subtilis의 일반 스트레스반응에 관해서는 많은 연구가 이루어져 있으므로 다른 균의 연구모델로 이용이 가능하다. 본 총설에서는 B. subtilis와 병원성균인 Listeria monocytogenes의 일반 스트레스반응의 유사성과 차이점을 B. subtilis를 모델로 하여 비교하였다. 두 균의 일반 스트레스반응은 대체 전사 인자인 ${\sigma}^B$ (alternative transcription factor sigma B)에 의해서 조절되고 신호전달 네트워크 또한 매우 유사하며, ${\sigma}^B$ 의존성 유전자들에 의해 150여 개의 스트레스 단백질들이 발현된다. 그러나 L. monocytogenes는 B. subtilis의 에너지 스트레스 신호 경로를 가지고 있지 않은 점과, 일반 스트레스반응에 의해 병독 유전자들(virulence genes)이 조절되는 것이 가장 큰 차이점이다. 그러므로 L. monocytogenes의 생리 및 병원성 규명을 위해서는 일반 스트레스반응에 관한 이해가 매우 중요하다.

교과 문식성을 통한 국어과와 타 교과의 관계

신지현 ( Shin Ji-hyun ),최영환 ( Choi Yeong-hwan ) 한국초등국어교육학회 2006 한국초등국어교육 Vol.31 No.-

문식성은 여러 영역에서 사용되고 있는 문식성의 공통 요소를 중심으로 개념을 재정의할 필요가 있다. 문식성은 삶에 필요한 기호 체계를 알아 소통할 수 있는 능력을 말하는 것으로 재개념화할 수 있다. 언어 교육에서 사용하고 있는 문식성은 사고 기능과 언어의 형식을 사용해서 의미를 이해하고 표현할 수 있는 능력으로, 언어 교육의 학습 요소가 된다. 교과의 지식을 학습하기 위해 문식성을 활용할 줄 아는 능력을 교과 문식성이라고 한다. 교과 문식성은 문식성이 다른 교과의 학습에 도구로써 사용되는 것을 분명하게 보여 주어 문식성교육과 문식성 활용의 차이를 분명하게 설명할 수 있다. 교과 문식성과 긴밀한 관련을 맺고 있는 교과 또는 특정 단원은 국어과의 교육과정이나 교과서와 유기적인 연계를 갖고 교육과정 설계나 교과서 설계를 하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 또한 국어과는 문식성 교육을 담당하고 타 교과는 문식성을 활용한다는 점을 분명히 인지하여, 국어 교과서에 교과 문식성 전략이 체계적으로 학습 내용으로 포함될 수 있도록 교과서를 제작하여 국어 교과서의 차별성을 확보하여야 할 것이다. Initially, 'literacy' used to be considered as the term indicating basic ability to read and write. As the world became much complicated and diversified it has wide applications such as computer literacy, digital literacy, scientific literacy, screen literacy, culture literacy, etc. It is inevitable that we should redefine 'literacy' laying stress on the commonality between various literacy than on 'letters'. When we extend the conception of 'literacy' to the term denoting communication ability to recognize symbolism, however, it is often indistinguishable from the same term used with the priority on letters in language education. In this paper, therefore, 'literacy' would be used the term indicating basic ability while 'attainments' implying extended conception. 'literacy' used in language education stands for the ability to understand and express the meaning applying thinking skills as well as language form, which constitutes the components of language education. The scope of literacy education should be clearly restricted to thinking skills and language form since the meaning part of literacy concerns refers to the common knowledge which every other courses could also provide when students read articles and listen to the explanation of instructor. Course literacy means the ability to apply literacy to acquire knowledge. It clearly distinguishes literacy 'education' from literacy 'application' demonstrating that literacy is used as the tool of other courses education. Considering desirable relations of Korean language course to other courses, well-established literacy education plays critical role facilitating other courses education concentrating on their aims. Hence, it is necessary to develop applicable course literacy strategy as well as to procure and increase korean language education hours before students begin to learn other courses especially in early stage of elementary school. It is desirable to organize the curriculum and textbook of other courses in systematic relation with those of Korean language education when they are closely related to course literacy. It is also critical for Korean language education post to recognize its own duty of literacy education therefore develop Korean language textbook embracing its literacy education strategy efficiently enough to make themselves distinctive.

아동복지현장에서의 안전교육 효과성 연구

신지현 ( Ji Hyun Shin ) 대한아동복지학회 2007 아동복지연구 Vol.5 No.3

본 연구에서는 유아안전교육 프로그램을 개발 적용하여 그 효과를 검증해 보기 위해 다음과 같은 문제를 설정하였다. 1) 안전교육 프로그램의 실시가 유아의 안전지식에 어떠한 변화를 가져오는가? 2) 안전교육 프로그램의 실시가 유아의 안전문제 해결 능력에 어떠한 변화를 가져오는가? 3) 안전교육프로그램의 실시가 유아의 행동에 어떠한 변화를 가져오는가? 안전교육 프로그램의 실시효과를 알아보기 위하여 프로그램 실시 이전과 이후에 각각 사전검사와 사후검사를 하였고 안전지식에 관한 도구로는 보건복지부에서 발간된 영유아 안전교육 프로그램 중 바깥놀이 시 일어날 수 있는 비 안전 행동목록과 곽은복(2000)의 논문을 참고로 유아교사 3인의 자문을 받아 놀이기구 사용 시 일어날 수 있는 12문항의 비안전행동 목록을 작성하였다. 안전교육 프로그램 실시를 통하여 유아의 안전지식, 안전문제 해결능력, 안전행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. 본 연구와 관련하여 의미 있는 결론을 구체적으로 기술하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 안전교육 프로그램의 적용을 통하여 유아의 안전지식의 증진에 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 안전교육 프로그램의 적용은 유아의 안전문제 해결 사고능력을 증진시키고, 여러 가지 안전갈등 상황에 대한 해결능력을 향상시켰음을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 안전교육 프로그램의 적용은 유아의 안전하지 못한 행동빈도를 낮추는데 효과가 있었다 In this study, infant safety education program established following problem to verify the effect applying development. 1) Some change does enforcement of safety education program bring in infant`s safety knowledge? 2) Some change does enforcement of safety education program bring in infant`s safety problem solution ability? 3) Some change does enforcement of safety educational programs bring on infant`s conduct? I did preliminary inspection and post-inspection after each with program enforcement move to search enforcement effect of safety education program and paper of rain safety action list and Gwakeunbok(2000) that Bakkatnol among Yeongyoua safety education program tool about safety knowledge publishes from the Ministry of Health-Welfare can get up at time made growable 12 checklists` rain safety action list when use game receiving infant teacher 3 humanity and justices inquiry for reference. Can conclude exert effect that is positive to infant`s safety know-how, safety problem solution ability, safety action through safety education program enforcement. Regarding this study, is as following if describe relevant conclusion concretely. First, Boda, that through application of safety education program in infant`s promotion of safety knowledge effect be. Second, I can know that application of safety education program encourages infant`s safety problem solution accident ability, and improved solution ability about various safety discord circumstance. Third, there was effect though application of safety education program lowers unsafe action frequency of infant.

나리 기내 소인경의 휴면 타파 및 신초 출현 촉진

신지현(Ji Hyun Shin),김규원(Kiu Weon Kim) 한국원예학회 2001 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2001 No.5

Decode-and-Forward 중계방식에서 불균등한 간섭을 고려한 BER 성능

신지현(Ji-Hyun Shin),김중빈(Jung-Bin Kim),김동우(Dongwoo Kim) 한국통신학회 2008 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.11

현대 문화와 디자인 경향 분석을 통한 미래 디자인의 방향설정에 관한 연구

신지현(Ji Hyun Shin) 한국디자인문화학회 2008 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of This study was to design value and purpose through about characteristic of modern culture and state of modern design thesis by an opportunity make wish to. Culture and civilization must coexist but develop by uniformity weight. We must search for worth much materials for sublimation of mind that accomplish development and balance of material. There is necessity that must review the future of design examining closely modern culture and relation of design for this. Therefore, by this research grasps various tendency and special quality of design that examine characteristic of modern culture through several scholar`s insistences and literature, and is gone until present, there is the purpose to help future design direction establishment that improve our quality of life. Progress method of research investigates and arranges and analyze on the basis of domestic, outside literature and journal, and internet data investigation plain to recognize theoretical background. In this research for this first, to grasp characteristic of modern culture, serve and present and introduce because collect several scholars` estimates. Second, present correct basis because examining closely tendency of modern design through literature and medium etc. Third, establish present value and target and present future new direction. Present designer of New Age that keep in step in change of culture to conclusion as following. It is Designer as New Paradigm, Designer as Knowledge Integrator, Designer as Artist, Designer as Manager, Director, and Marketer. Finally, it is Designer as the Fine Parts Specialist. Design in modern culture is requiring facing that is value pursuit of spiritual use in value thoroughgoing study of material use within society and industrial structure that change rapidly conclusively.

고구려 고분벽화에 나타난 얼굴 특징과 화장

신지현 ( Ji Hyun Shin ) 한국미용학회 2004 한국미용학회지 Vol.10 No.2

제품디자인의 은유적 조형가공 연구

신지현(Ji Hyun Shin) 한국디자인문화학회 2008 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.14 No.2

We proposed the method of symbolic creation using the metaphorical symbol expression technique to the extraction and processing of keywords in processes of formative creation for product design. The scope of this paper restricts to the keyword extraction and the possibility of formative application to set up the initial concepts of product in design processes. With studying interrelationship the characteristics of symbolic expression of metaphor and the formative design of product, we confirmed that the metaphorical processing could apply to product and showed that the metaphor could proper the formative language of product design. And classify presented method of each step processing by processing that do impression according to access method to modeling to starting point for metaphorical processing that visualize abstract image by specific subject of type and processing that do to object. Presented process that do such abstracted motive form as modeling element through Modeling method that borrow metaphorical expression way. From the result of the paper, at early concept establishment process of Product design process, could choose key words that utilize metaphorical processing, and could draw motive via image element possession target`s search. Also, as image element, borrow expression way of metaphor and presented conversion method on modeling constituent of abstracted motive.

외벽 열관류율 변화에 따른 냉난방 에너지 요구량 및 소요량 분석

신지현(Ji-Hyun Shin),김선숙(Sun-Sook Kim),조영흠(Young-Hum Cho) 한국생활환경학회 2016 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to compare the heating and cooling energy demand and consumption according to mean thermal transmittance of external wall. In the world, energy saving and sustainable development is one of the important issues. In our country, energy policies like energy conservation plan report and EPI for building are established. This study compares energy demand and consumption according to mean thermal transmittance for EPI score by using ECO2 program. In this study, thermal transmittance changes in external wall insulation and windows confirms the impact on energy demand and consumption. As a result, energy demand and consumption is also decreased with thermal transmittance reduced.

인공신경망을 활용한 지열 히트펌프 시스템의 성능 예측에 관한 연구

신지현(Ji-Hyun Shin),조영흠(Young-Hum Cho) 한국생활환경학회 2017 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.24 No.5