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하천수질(河川水質)의 2차원(次元) 유한요소해석(有限要素解析)
신응배,서승원,Shin, Eung Bai,Suh, Seung Won 대한토목학회 1987 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.7 No.3
하천(河川)에서의 오염물(汚染物) 확산이송현상(擴散移送現象)을 수치기법(數値技法)인 유한요소법(有限要素法)을 이용(利用)하여 종(從) 모방향성(模方向性)이 고려된 2차원(次元)으로 해석(解析)하였다. Galerkin의 가중잔차(加重殘差) 유한요소법(有限要素法)이 적용(適用)되었고, 모형보간함수(模形補間函數)와 삼각형요소(三角形要素)가 이용(利用)되었다. 모형(模型)의 타당성(妥當性)을 입증하기 위해 단순화(單純化)된 수로(水路)에서 검정(檢定)한 결과(結果), 계산(計算)된 수치해(數値解)가 정확해(正確解)와 거의 일치(一致)하는 만족(滿足)스러운 결과(結果)가 도출(導出)되었으며, 실제적용(實際適用)은 개발사업후(開發事業後)의 한강본류(漢江本流) 9km 구간(區間)에서 시도(試圖)하여 탄천(炭川)과 중랑천(中浪川)의 지류(支流) 영향을 받는 BOD농도분포(濃度分布)가 2차원적(次元的)으로 도시(圖示)되어 1차원모형(次元模型)에 의(依)한 분포(分布)보다 실상황(實狀況)을 더욱 잘 모의(模擬)하고 있다. Analyzed by using finite element method was 2-dimensional pollutant transtport phenomenon considering longitudinal and lateral direction in river. The Galerkin's finite element method based on linear interpolation is used and triangle is adopted as an element. In a number of model test attempts it has been demonstrated that the results calculated by the model are in good agreement with analytical solutions in a simplified channel where there is a known solution available. Actual application of the model is attempted along the 9km reach of the Han River considering the influx of the Tan Cheon and the Joongryang Cheon. The resultant 2-dimensional BOD concentrations profile in the reach is exhibiting more realistically the field situations than conventional 1-dimensional models are.
CDMQC Model을 이용(利用)한 울산지역(蔚山地域)의 대기질(大氣質) 예측(豫測)과 실측치(實測値)와의 비교연구(比較?究)
신응배,이광호,Shin, Eung Bai,Lee, Kwang Ho 대한토목학회 1981 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.1 No.1
This study involves 1) air quality disperson predictions and 2) a comparison of the predicted data with the actually measured ones in terms of annual sulfur dioxide concentration in the Ulsan Industial Complex. The prediction was made by utilizing the CDMQC air quality simulation computer model. The higher concentrations were observed at the Bugok Dong (Sampling Site) and the Yeochun Dong Sampling Site with the values of 44 and 46 ppb, respectively whereas the predicted values for both sites were 52 and 47 ppb, respectively. A statistical examination has revealed that the level of confidence was 90.02% from the Chi-squared test and the corelation coefficient was 0.827. It thus demonstrates that the model used for the study appears to be applicable to yield reliable predictions in terms of annual sulfur dioxide concentrations in the study area. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 울산지역(蔚山地域)을 대상(對象)으로 CDMQC 모델을 이용(利用)하여 대기질(大氣質)을 예측(豫測)하였으며 아울러 동일대상지역(同一對象地域)에서 실측(實測)을 시행(施行)하므로써 전산(電算)모델을 이용(利用)한 예측치(豫測値)와 실측치간(實測値間)의 비교검토(比較檢討)를 실시하였다. 모델링결과(結果) 가장 오염(汚染)이 심한 지역(地域)은 부곡동(夫谷洞)과 여천동지역(呂川洞地域)으로 연평균(年平均) $SO_2$의 모델링치(値)는 52ppb 및 47ppb였으며, 실측치(實測値)는 44ppb 및 46ppb를 나타냈다. 또한 실측치(實測値)와 모델링치(値)와의 비교(比較)에서 ${\chi}^2$ 검증법(檢證法)에 의한 신뢰성(信賴性)은 90.02%로 두 자료간(資料間)에 속성(屬性)이 있음을 나타냈으며 상관계수(相關係數)(r)는 0.827로서 높은 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내어 CDMQC 모델은 울산지역(蔚山地域)의 대기질예측(大氣質豫測)을 위하여 적합(適合)한 것으로 판단되었다.
국산(國産) Zeolite를 이용(利用)한 중금속(重金屬) 폐수(廢水) 처리공정(處理工程) 연구(硏究) - Batch Test를 중심(中心)으로 -
신응배,Shin, Eung Bai 대한토목학회 1982 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.2 No.1
본(本) 연구(硏究)는 국산천연(國産天然) 제오라이트를 이용한 중금속(重金屬) 산업폐수(?業廢水) 처리공정(處理工程)을 개발(開發)할 목적(目的)으로 수행(遂行)되었으며 본 논문에서는 1차적으로 알카리 처리된 제오라이트를 이용하여 Batch Test를 통한 기초실험(基礎實驗) 결과(結果)를 수록하였다. 제오라이트에 의한 중금속 흡착(吸着)공정에 미치는 pH의 영향(影響), 흡착 Isotherm Model 결정, 흡착속도 및 온도(溫度)의 영향을 중점적으로 평가분석(評價分析)하였으며 그 결과 최적(最適) pH는 4~5이상, 카드미움 흡착은 BET Model이 적합하며, 반응시간(反應時間)은 10분 이상이 소요됨을 알았으며 또한 온도가 증가하면 비례하여 흡착능(吸着能)도 증가하므로서 단순한 물리흡착(物理吸着)만이 아닌 화학흡착(化學吸着)도 병행하여 일어나고 있다고 판단된다. 본 연구 결과로 판단컨대, 국산 천연 제오라이트를 이용한 중금속 폐수처리는 그 전망이 밝으며 앞으로 Column Test를 통하여 합성(合成)폐수는 물론 실제폐수의 처리도(處理度)를 실험하므로서 처리공정설계 조건을 도출할 수 없으며 이와 같은 공정의 개발로서 우리나라의 중금속 폐수처리에 획기적인 공헌이 기대된다. This study was aimed ultimately to develop an adsorption process treating heavy metal industrial wastewater by utilizing domestically abundant natural zeolite and the study was conducted in a series of investigations. Presented if1 this paper are the results of the preliminary batch mode test. Factors affecting an adsorption process of heavy metals of aqueous waste stream by zeolite are numerous. Factors such as hydrogen ion concentration and temperature are taken into consideration in the investigation to evaluate adsorptive capacity. The mechanisms of adsorption may better be described by an evaluation of adsorption isotherm andi of adsorption kinetics. It is observed from the preliminary investigation that an optimum adsorption occurs at higher pH's than 4. It is further demonstrated that $Cd^{+2}$ adsorption by zeolite follows the BET model better than the Freundlich and the Langmuir model and that the reaction time of at least 10 minutes is required. It is interesting to note that higher adsorptive capacity was found at higher temperature, suggesting that the adsorption is not only due to simple physisorption but also due to chemisorption.
혐기 - 간헐포기 공정에서 Denitrifying PAOs 의 거동 특성
신응배(Eung Bai Shin),윤은경(Eung Kyung Youn),이두진(Doo Jin Lee),주봉현(Bong Hyun Joo) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.3
This study investigated the occurrence and the behavior of Denitrifying Phosphate Accumulating Organisms (DePAOs). These organisms are capable of phosphorus removal and denitrification simultaneously under anoxic conditions. The experiment was conducted in two parts: The phosphorus removal efficiency was evaluated in an anaerobic-intermittent aeration process which was designed to be an Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal(EBPR) process: Then, several batch tests were carried out in order to elucidate how the DePAOs responds in an anaerobic-intermittent aeration process under varying conditions. In the first part of the experiment, the results show that the overall phosphorus removal efficiency is as high as 93.3% in a continuous flow system and hence the anaerobic-intermittent aeration process is in fact an EBPR process. In the batch tests, the presence of DePAOs under different anoxic conditions was observed with a limited amount of substrate. Several batch tests were run under anoxic conditions. The test samples were spiked with different nitrate concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 ㎎NO₃^- -N/L respectively. The tests revealed that both phosphorus uptake rate and denitrification rate were proportional in the first 30 min and phosphate uptake rate was 17.78∼24.89 ㎎PO₄^(-3) -P/gVSS/d and denitrification rate was 37.33∼53.33 ㎎NO₃^- -N/gVSS/d. The rate of phosphate uptake under anoxic conditions is 15.8∼26.3% slower than under aerobic conditions. With the available organic substrate, phosphates are released in anoxic condition. Results of these experiments cleary indicate that DePAOs exist under anoxic conditions in the EBPR process and that the phosphorus release and uptake under anoxic conditions depends on the presence of available organic substrate and the concentration of nitrate.
신응배(Eung Bai Shin),윤현식(Hyun Sik Yoon) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.4
Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) have been considered as a major cause of water quality deterioration of water-courses in the vicinity of the heavily urbanized areas. It is important to know exact properties of pollutants contained in CSOs to address water quality impacts that are caused by CSOs inputs to the receiving waters. Recently, research has shown that a settling process is an efficient treatment for the removal of pollutants from CSOs. Therefore, the settling velocity of the pollutants in the CSOs to be treated has an important influence on performance and should be considered in developing design details. Results of settling velocity distributions for diverse pollutant sources (including CSOs, street-runoff, dry-weather flow) are presented with COD_(Cr), SS, TKN, T-P. The observed results in settling characteristics for pollutant sources showed widely different and exponential decay curve was well fitted to settling velocity profiles produced during the test.