발암원을 투여한 쥐에서 들기름이 대장 종양발생과 조직의 지방산 조성 및 Eicosanoids 생성에 미치는 영향

송지현,박현서 ( Ji Hyun Song,Hyun Suh Park ) 생화학분자생물학회 1994 BMB Reports Vol.27 No.6

The study was to observe the effect of perilla oil rich in a-linolenic acid(18:3ω3) on the incidence of colorectal tumor and its relation to the levels of plasma TXB₂ and colonic mucosal PGE₂ and fatty acid profiles of colonic mucosal lipid and hepatic microsomal phospholipid in colon carcinogenesis. Male Sprague Dawley rats, at 7 weeks of age, were divided into 2 groups and intrarectally infused with saline or chemical carcinogen (methylnitrosourea, MNU) and fed 16% (w/w) fat diet containing one of dietary fats (beef tallow, com oil, perilla oil) for 30 weeks. Large number of tumors were found in the distal colon of MNU-treated rats by all fats and tumor incidence was lower in the rats fed perilla oil (57.7%) compared to those of com oil (82.1%) or beef tallow (87.5%) diet. The overall fatty acid profiles of colonic mucosal lipid and hepatic microsomal phospholipid reflected dietary fatty acids. The levels of C20:4 were similarly higher in tissues of beef tallow or com oil fed rats even though dietary levels of C18:2 were significantly different in two groups, which suggests that there might be some regulatory mechanism present to control the level of C20:4 in tissue. The decreased level of C20:4w6 and increased level of w3 fatty acids in perilla oil fed rats were associated well with the decreased levels of plasma TXB₂ and colonic mucosal PGE₂. Perilla oil rich in ω α-linolenic acid decreased the incidence of colon tumor possibly through modification of tissue fatty acid profile and eicosanoid synthesis.

절수시 Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) 콩팥의 Aquaporin 2, Aquaporin 4 발현변화

송지현,권진석,김용환,박용덕,한기환,류시윤,정주영,Song, Ji-Hyun,Kwon, Jin-Seuk,Kim, Yong-Hwan,Park, Yong-Deok,Han, Ki-Hwan,Ryu, Si-Yun,Jung, Ju-Young 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.4

Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) has been as an model animal for studing the neurological disease such as stroke and epilepsy because of the congenital incompleteries in Willis circle, as well as the investigation of water metabolism because of the long time-survival in the condition of water-deprived desert condition, compared with other species animal. Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expressed at the surface of principal cells in collecting duct results from an equilibrium between the AQP2 in intracellular vesicles and the AQP2 on the plasma membrane. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), which is expressed in cell in a wide range of organ, is also present in the collecting duct principal cells where this is abundant in the basolateral plasma membranes and represent potential exit pathways from the cell for water entering via AQP2. In this research, we divide 3 groups of which each group include the 5 animals. In the study of 7 or 14 days water restricted condition, we investigated the AQP2 and AQP4 by using a quantitative immunohistochemistry in the kidney. The results obtained in this study were summarized as followings. AQP2 is abundant in the apical plasma membrane and apical vesicles in the collecting duct principal cell and at rare abundance in connecting tubules. In the water-deprived Mongolian gerbil kidney, expression of AQP2 was continuosly increased in the cortical collecting duct and inner medullary collecting duct. This increase was both the apical region and cytoplasm. AQP4 is mainly expressed in the inner medulla, although some expression is also noted in the more proximal segment. In the water-deprived Mongolian gerbil kidney, AQP4 was also increased in the inner medullary collecting duct. Immunoactivity was increased in entire inner medullary collecting duct and newly detected in cytoplasm of principal cell. These findings suggest that increased levels of AQP2 and AQP4 in the cortical and inner medulalry collecting duct may play a important role for maintain fluid balance in the water-deprived kidney.

3GPP2 SMV의 실시간 음성/음악 분류 성능 향상을 위한 Gaussian Mixture Model의 적용

송지현,이계환,장준혁,Song, Ji-Hyun,Lee, Kye-Hwan,Chang, Joon-Hyuk 한국음향학회 2007 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.26 No.8

본 논문에서는 음성 인식과 음악 인식에서 뛰어난 성능을 보이는 Expectation-Maximization(EM) 알고리즘 기반의 패턴인식기법인 가우시안 혼합모델(Gaussian Mixture Model, GMM)을 이용하여 기존의 3GPP2 Selectable Mode Vocoder(SMV)의 실시간 음성/음악 분류 성능을 향상 시키는 방법을 제안한다 SMV의 음성/음악 실시간 분류 알고리즘에서 사용된 특징벡터와 분류방법을 분석하고, 이를 기반으로 분류성능향상을 위해 패턴인식 알고리즘인 GMM을 도입한다. 구체적으로, SMV의 음성/음악 분류알고리즘에서 사용되어진 특징벡터만을 선택적으로 사용하여 효과적인 GMM을 구성한 실시간 분류기법이 제시되었다. SMV의 음성/음악 분류에 적용한 GMM의 성능 평가를 위해 SMV 원래의 분류알고리즘과 비교하였으며, 다양한 음악장르에 대해 시스템의 성능을 평가한 결과 GMM을 이용하였을 때 기존의 SMV의 방법보다 우수한 음성/음악 분류 성능을 보였다. In this letter, we propose a novel approach to improve the performance of speech/music classification for the selectable mode vocoder(SMV) of 3GPP2 using the Gaussian mixture model(GMM) which is based on the expectation-maximization(EM) algorithm. We first present an effective analysis of the features and the classification method adopted in the conventional SMV. And then feature vectors which are applied to the GMM are selected from relevant Parameters of the SMV for the efficient speech/music classification. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated under various conditions and yields better results compared with the conventional scheme of the SMV.

택사 (澤瀉, Alismatis Rhizoma) 추출물이 RBL-2H3 비만세포와 OVA/alum 감작 생쥐의 알레르기 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

송지현,이진화,김은진,김윤희,Song, Ji Hyun,Lee, Jin Hwa,Kim, Eun Jin,Kim, Yun Hee 대한한방소아과학회 2018 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives Alismatis Rhizoma has been known to suppress inflammation and allergic reaction. However, the cellular target of Alismatis Rhizoma and its mechanism of action remain unclear. This study was designed to examine the effect of Alismatis Rhizoma extract (ALC) on the RBL-2H3 mast cells in vitro and on the OVA/alum sensitized mice ex vivo. Methods In the study, RBL-2H3 mast cells were cultured in minimal essential medium (MEM) for 24 hours, and treated separately with cyclosporin A and varying doses of ALC, and then stimulated with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (50 ng/ml) and Ionomycin ($0.5{\mu}M$). The levels of IL-13, IL-4 were measured by ELISA analysis. The mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, GM-CSF, $TNF-{\alpha}$ were analyzed with Real-time PCR. Also, manifestations of MAPKs transcription factors and $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 translocation were analyzed by western blotting in vitro. Subsequently, for ex vivo experiment, we induced allergic inflammation on Balb/c mice by OVA/alum and administered ALC orally. And we measured serum OVA-specific IgE level and IL-4, IL-13 in the splenocyte culture supernatant by ELISA analysis. Results ALC was shown to suppress mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, GM-CSF, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and to inhibit the IL-13, IL-4 production. Also ALC reduced an activation of mast cells specific signal MAPKs transcription factors and $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 from the western blot analysis in in vitro experiment. In ex vivo, ALC oral adminstration decreased the level of OVA-specific IgE in serum, and IL-4, IL-13 in the splenocyte culture supernatant. Conclusions ALC is shown to reduce inflammation and allergic response by suppressing Th2 cytokines through the regulation of transcription factors MAPKs and $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 in mast cells. Administration of ALC suppressed OVA-specific IgE in ovalbumin allergy model through the inhibition of Th2 cytokine. In conclusion, ALC can be considered as an effective treatment for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis.

삼복첩의 치료 효과와 만족도에 대한 연구

송지현,이진화,김윤희,Song, Ji Hyun,Lee, Jin Hwa,Kim, Yun Hee 대한한방소아과학회 2018 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand effect on respiratory disease and satisfaction of parents about acupoint sticking in hottest period of summer. Methods A survey was conducted to the parents of their children who took acupoint sticking in Dog-days for two years in a row. 17 children (10 boys, 7 girls, 4.0-12.11 years) were attached Socheongo to BL-13, BL-15, BL-17 for 3 hours. In terms of the effectiveness of the therapy, the treatment only considered as effective when there is any improvement in respiratory symptoms. Results 11 children (64.7%) from the study group have shown positive effect. There were significant improvements in frequency of having a cold or duration of a cold; duration of rhinitis; frequency of having empyema or its duration; frequency of having bronchitis; frequency of having pneumonia; frequency of having otitis media. Respiratory health VAS (Visual Analog Scale) had significant increase from 5 to 6.71 (p<0.05). 7 parents (41.2%) were satisfied with acupoint in hottest period of summer and 16 parents (94.1%) wanted to have their children get treated again in next year. From the survey, inconveniences of acupuncture were weak attachment of the acupoint (23.5%), long attaching time (11.8%), pressure about number of treatments (5.9%), worry about side effects (5.9%). Side effects have been reported; 2 pruritus (11.8%), 1 pruritus and erythema (5.9%). Conclusions Acupoint sticking in hottest period of summer improves lung symptoms in children older than three years old. However, the ways to reduce the side effects and inconveniences are needed.

자동차 제작결함조사 통계 분석을 통한 리콜제도 연구

송지현,권해붕,이광범,김희준,Song, Ji-hyun,Kwon, Hae-boung,Lee, Kwang-bum,Kim, Hee-june 한국자동차안전학회 2015 자동차안전학회지 Vol.7 No.4

The basic point of a vehicle recall is to remove vehicle defects as soon as possible and thus prevent possible road traffic accidents caused by the defects beforehand. Therefore, the core of vehicle recall under the self-certification system consists of a timely response and fast remedy of defects. The present study aimed to deduce a plan for improvement of the system necessary for the fast remedy of defects through a phased analysis of defect investigation procedure based on defect investigation statistical data. There will be a need to make the TSB(Technical Service Bulletin) or service campaign data submission of a manufacturer compulsory for the collection of broad defect information in the stage of information analysis and to impose a higher penalty when the manufacturer violates the data submission in the investigation stage. In addition, it is considered that an active service campaign should be induced and a punishment for late recall will be needed for consumer protection.

3GPP2 SMV의 실시간 유/무성음 분류 성능 향상을 위한 Gaussian Mixture Model 기반 연구

송지현(Ji-Hyun Song),장준혁(Joon-Hyuk Chang) 대한전자공학회 2008 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.45 No.5

본 논문에서는 패턴 인식에서 우수한 성능을 보이는 가우시안 혼합모델 (Gaussian mixture model, GMM)을 이용하여 비정상적인 잡음환경에서 3GPP2 selectable mode vocoder (SMV)의 유/무성음 분류 알고리즘 성능 향상을 위한 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 SMV에 대해서 분석하고, 이를 기반으로 유/무성음 분류 알고리즘에서 우수한 성능을 보여주는 특징 벡터를 선택하여 GMM의 입력벡터로 효과적으로 이용한다. 다양한 잡음환경에서 시스템의 성능을 평가한 결과 GMM을 이용한 제안된 방법이 기존의 SMV의 방법보다 우수한 유/무성음 분류 성능을 보였다. In this paper, we propose an approach to improve the performance of voiced/unvoiced (V/UV) decision under background noise environments for the selectable mode vocoder (SMV) of 3GPP2. We first present an effective analysis of the features and the classification method adopted in the SMV. And then feature vectors which are applied to the GMM are selected from relevant parameters of the SMV for the efficient voiced/unvoiced classification. For the purpose of evaluating the performance of the proposed algorithm, different experiments were carried out under various noise environments and yields better results compared with the conventional scheme of the SMV.

The Determinants of Korean Manufacturing Firms' Innovative Activity : Do Firm Size and Appropriabilities Matter?

Ji-Hyun Song(송지현) 한국산학기술학회 2020 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 기업규모와 전유성 등의 기술전략이 기업 혁신활동을 결정짓는 데 대한 영향을 실증적으로 분석해보았다. 한국기술혁신조사(KIS)의 2016년 2,003개 제조업체의 자료로 로짓회귀모형과 영과잉음이항회귀를 활용하였다. R&D 지출과 특허출원이 혁신활동의 성과를 나타내는 변수로서 이용되었다. 설명변수로서는 기업의 특성을 나타내는 기업 나이, 기술수준별 산업구분, R&D 종사자수, 벤처기업여부, 수출여부, 그리고 산업 전유 특성을 타나내는 네트워크, 전유방법, Spillover를 설정하였다. 우선, 실증적인 분석결과는 전반적으로 기업의 규모에 따라 혁신활동 결정요인이 다르게 나타남을 보여주고 있다. 더욱이 혁신활동을 결정짓는 데에, 중소기업은 대기업보다 산업의 특성에 의해 유의미하게 영향을 받았다. 규모가 작은 신생기업, 벤처기업, 혹은 수도권 소재기업일 때 혁신활동에 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 전략적 전유는 소기업 R&D 지출과 중기업의 특허출원 성과에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 다른 기업 또는 산업간의 네트워크는 대기업을 제외한 기업들에서 혁신활동을 결정짓는 중요한 결정요인으로 나타나고 있다. 기업간의 기술적 상호작용은 기술 spillover과 혁신활동의 가능성을 높일 수 있으나, 이 성과는 기업 규모와 산업 특성에 따라 다르게 나타날 수 있음을 보여준다. This study empirically examined how a firm size affects the determinants of innovative activities using the data of the Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) 2016. With data from 2,003 firms in the manufacturing sector, we performed logistic regression analysis and zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis. R&D expenditure and patent applications were used as proxies for innovative activity. The independent variables included the firm"s characteristics variables such as the firm"s age, tech-level industry, RDemp (R&D employee ratio), venture, export, and industrial characteristics variables such as networking, appropriability, and spillovers. The empirical findings are that there are some differences in firms" innovative activity determinants among the firms" size groups. Next, strategic appropriability has negative impacts on small firms" R&D expenditure and medium-firms" patents. Networking is an important determinant of innovative activity for all firms, except for large firms. Furthermore, in deciding R&D activities, small and medium-sized firms were significantly influenced by industrial characteristics as compared to that of large firms. Our findings suggest some R&D promotion policies. Policies fostering firms" technological interaction would allow firms to take advantage of technological spillovers and thus raise the probability of investing in R&D.

GIS 기반 집적원리에 기초한 도시지역 상권의 구역별 특성 분석 - 서울시 홍대 지역 상권을 중심으로 -

송지현(Song, Ji-Hyun),이재영(Lee, Jae-Young) 한국주거환경학회 2020 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of each district of commercial districts in urban areas according to store aggregation, which is the basic principle of the formation of commercial districts, and propose them as basic data that can be used for individual stores and regional development. For this purpose, the business district of Hongdae was selected as the target area to identify the characteristics of each area according to the store"s collection. 3,938 store information from eight industries were collected and the characteristics of commercial districts were analyzed by classifying five-level zones according to homogeneous and heterogeneous aggregation using QGIS techniques. According to the analysis of the characteristics of each zone, the traffic and business workers increased in the dense area, and the residential population showed lower characteristics. In addition, the proportion of non-purchasing businesses in high-precision areas was high, while the wholesale and retail sectors in low-precision areas were high. At this time, the living service industry showed a high proportion in low-precision areas, even though it was non-purchasing, which is interpreted as the fact that Hongdae"s commercial districts are concentrated on dining out and entertainment. Franchise rates in the business structure differed slightly depending on the industry, but in general, the ratio dropped significantly to the lower density areas. This study reduces initial costs in the start-up process of individual stores by analyzing the characteristics of each zone according to the density stage, and has practical value in terms of future operational efficiency.

놀이와 동요를 활용한 어린이 중국어 지도법

송지현(Song, Ji-Hyun) 대한중국학회 2018 중국학 Vol.65 No.-

1. 들어가며 2. 외국어 교수법과 중국어 동요 3. 놀이로서의 중국어 학습 4. 나오며 어린이 중국어는 의식적으로 언어규칙이나 문법 등 언어학적 지식을 학습하는 것보다 놀이를 통해서 무의적으로 자연스럽게 습득하는 것이 더욱 효과적이다. 무의적인 언어 습득을 위해서는 음악과 놀이를 활용할 수 있다. 음악과 놀이는 인간의 가장 창의적인 활동 중의 하나인 동시에 어린이들이 성장하고 언어를 배우고 사용하는데 없어서는 안 될 아주 중요한 역 할을 한다. 어린이들은 놀이와 동요를 통해서 모국어를 습득하고, 서로 소통하며 사회를 배우며 성장해 나간다. 동요와 놀이는 단순히 유희가 아닌 통합적 언어 능력을 키우는 교육적 가치를 가지고 있다.