마이크로파-열풍 융합 건조공정을 통한 유기성 폐기물의 고형연료(RDFs) 특성에 관한 연구

성낙창 ( Nak-chang Sung ),정병길 ( Byung-gil Jung ),최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ) 한국환경기술학회 2013 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 마이크로파-열풍 융합건조장치를 이용하여 유기성 자원의 활용하기 위해 음식물류 폐기물, 무연탄, 폐플라스틱 및 톱밥의 혼합비율에 따른 RDF(refuse derived fuel)의 품질 및 특성을 평가하고자 하며, 또한 건조물질의 삼성분(수분, 가연분, 회분), 발열량(고위발열량, 저위발열량), 금속 함량(Hg, Cd, Pb, As), 황분 함유량, 염소함유량 등 고형연료로서의 품질특성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 음식물 쓰레기는 가연성 물질의 균질 혼합 및 건조효율 향상을 위하여 전처리를 실시하였고. 음식물 쓰레기의 건조효율 향상 및 발열량을 향상시키기 위해 2 mm 이하로 분쇄된 분말 형태의 저품질 무연탄 (Ac ; Anthracite coal), 폐플라스틱 (Wp ; Waste plastics) 및 분말 톱밥 (Sd ; Sawdust)을 혼합하여 건조실험을 실시하였고, 완전건조(함수율 10%)를 기준으로 운전하였다. 마이크로파-열풍 융합건조공정을 이용한 실험결과 최적 혼합비율은 음식물 쓰레기 70%와 톱밥30%를 혼합하였을 경우이며, 고형연료 품질기준을 분석한 결과 저위발열량은 5,663 kcal/kg(RDF 등급기준 2등급), 염소 함유량은 0.39% (RDF 등급기준 1등급), 수분 2.5% (RDF 등급기준 10% 미만), 회분 2.2% (RDF 등급기준 20% 미만), 황분 0.22% (RDF 등급기준 0.6% 미만)으로 나타났다. 중금속 함유량은 검출되지 않거나 허용한계에 비해 현격하게 낮은 수준으로 함유되어 있었으며, 고형연료 품질기준이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. The objectives of this study are to develope a method for recycling organic matter by using the microwave-thermal air hybrid drying process and to assess the quality and characteristics of RDF(refuse derived fuel) in terms of its 3-component analysis (water content, ash content and combustible content), heating values(high and low heating values), metallic ingredient contents (Hg, Cd, Pb and As), sulfur content and chlorine content based on operating parameters such as mixture ratios with food waste, anthracite coal, waste plastics and sawdust.The experiment using the microwave-thermal air hybrid drying process proved that an optimal mixture ratio was 70% of food waste and 30% of sawdust. The food waste used in this research was pre-treated for better drying efficiency. Also, to improve drying efficiency and heating values of food waste, an experiment was carried out to dry a mixture of powder-type low-quality Ac (Anthracite coal), Wp (Waste plastics) and Sd (Sawdust), all of which were ground to less than 2 mm. This experiment was also carried out in order to achieve less than 10% moisture content. The analysis of the RDF quality as the quality standard was observed the low heating value of 5,663 kcal/kg (2nd-class RDF); the chlorine content of 0.39% (1st-class RDF); the water content of 2.5% (less than RDF class standard of 10%); the combustible content of 2.2% (less than RDF class standard of 20%); and the sulfur content of 0.22% (less than RDF class standard 0.6%). Heavy metals were not detected or found significantly lower than permissible limits.

한국공개실용신안

성낙창(Nak Chang Sung) 大韓環境工學會 1997 대한환경공학회지 Vol.19 No.2

한국공개특허 (Ⅰ)

성낙창(Nak Chang Sung) 大韓環境工學會 1996 대한환경공학회지 Vol.18 No.11

혐기성 소화에서의 가축분뇨와 음식물류 폐수의 혼합 비율에 따른 유기산 발생량에 관한 연구

성낙창 ( Nak-chang Sung ),권민지 ( Min-ji Kwon ),정진희 ( Jin-hee Jung ),최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2018 한국수처리학회지 Vol.26 No.2

The overall food consumption in South Korea has increased along with economic growth. Especially, meat consumption has increased significantly, and the size of the animal production industry has also grown greatly. As a result, substantial amounts of livestock wastewater and food waste are being produced. Among them, anaerobic digestion is known as a method of acquiring energy by treating wastes and producing biogas at the same time. This anaerobic digestion process generates organic acids by acid-producing bacteria. When the amount of generated organic acids increases, the pH drops which might be toxic. The purpose of this study is to maintain the optimum pH during anaerobic digestion to control the decrease in digestion efficiency due to a drop in pH by simultaneously treating livestock waste, which have a relatively high pH, without using pH regulators. Three reactors, R1, R2, and R3, were used in this experiment, and each reactor contained a mixture of food waste and livestock wastewater at the ratio of 5:5, 7:3, and 3:7, respectively. After 25 days, R3, the reactor in which the food waste and livestock wastewater were mixed at the ratio of 3:7, showed the optimum or near-optimum organic acid concentration and pH values.

응집제 및 응집보조제 투입방법에 따른 음식물폐수의 처리특성

성낙창 ( Nak-chang Sung ),한영립 ( Young-rip Han ),정병길 ( Byung-gil Jung ),안영희 ( Yeong-hee Ahn ),최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ) 한국환경기술학회 2014 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.15 No.4

본 연구는 음식물폐수 처리를 위해 응집공정의 효율 향상을 위한 방안으로 응집보조제를 투입하여 음식물폐수내 유기물처리 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구를 위해 최적 응집제 투입 조건을 파악하기 위해 주입량, 교반조건 등을 Jar-test로 연구하였으며, 결과를 바탕으로 응집보조제 투입에 따른 유기물 농도를 파악하였다. 연구결과 최적응집제 투입량을 4.5 mL/L로 나타났으며, 최적응집제 투입량을 바탕으로 응집보조제를 투입하여 제거효율을 평가한 결과 COD_Cr, TOC, UV₂₅₄, 탁도 및 SS 항목에서 응집보조제 주입량 2.25 mL/L에서 가장 높은 효율을 나타내었다. 또한, 응집보조제 주입 방안에 관하여 응집 전주입, 응집 후 주입 및 동시주입으로 구분하여 실시한 결과 응집 전 주입 → 응집 후 주입 → 동시주입 순으로 나타났다. This study has improved coagulation processes in order to design a treatment plan by improving treatment process of food wastewater that is generated from a resource recovery plant of food wast. The optimal coagulation conditions were derived by observing the features of coagulation·mixing according to characteristics of water quality of food wastewater through a jar-tests. Based on them, optimal operating parameters were derived by analyzing treated wastewater quality. The optimal dosage of a polymer coagulant for food wastewater was found to be 4.5 mL/L. Besides, the optimal dosage of the polymer coagulant aids which is the optimal dosage of a polymer coagulant for food wastewater was found to be 2.25 mL/L in COD_Cr, TOC, UV₂₅₄, turbidity and SS. As a result of conducting the Jar-tests by changing the location of injection of the coagulant aids under optimal coagulation conditions into pre-injection, post-injection and co-injection in order to decide the location of injection of coagulant aids for food wastewater. They showed high removal efficiencies in the order of pre-injection → post-injection → co-injection.

하수슬러지 및 축산폐수와 음식물쓰레기의 혼합비에 따른 혐기성 소화 효율의 비교

성낙창(Nak Chang Sung),강동효(Dong Hyo Kang),박경철(Kyung Choul Park) 한국물환경학회 2002 한국물환경학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Sewage sludge and livestock wastewater with food waste were mixed and digested. The results are as follows. In case of mixing digested sewage sludge with food waste, the pH vaule was lowed by the organic acid of a large quantity at the beginning of the inspection so that NaOH was poured into reactor. But in case of mixing digested livestock wastewater with food waste, during experimental the pH value was set neutral because of high alkalinity of livestock wastewater. In the case of VS removal ratio the result showed the higher removal value about 5.3% in R2(1:1), R₃(1:2) mixing sewage sludge and food waste than sewage sludge digestion alone, and reactor R-5 in which livestock wastewater and food waste were mixed with rate of 1:1 showed the highest removal value about 6.3% than livestock wastewater digestion alone. Though food waste with initial CI^- concentration of 3,000㎎/L showed about 4,700㎎/L at the highest point in the reactor R₃(1:2), there had no effect on VS removal and the production of CH₄. In the case of sewage sludge digestion alone and livestock wastewater digestion alone, the production rates of CH₄ gas per gVS removal were 125mL and 51mL. In the production rates of CH₄ gas per gVS removal, reactor R₂ and R₃ in which sewage sludge and food waste were conbined with mixing ratio of 1:1, 1:2 showed 68mL and 71mL which were more than sewage sludge digestion alone. But R-5 and R-6 in which livestock wastewater and food waste were conbined with mixing ratio of 1:1, 1:2 showed 18mL and 8mL. Therefore, it is concluded that sewage sludge and livestock wastewater mixing with food waste is more possible than sewage sludge and livestock wastewater digestion alone.

복합변조 전기장과 자기장에 따른 중금속 오염원별 제거율 연구

하상안 ( Sang-an Ha ),성낙창 ( Nak-chang Sung ) 한국환경기술학회 2012 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구에서는 토양이나 지하수 오염의 난분해성 유기물이나 중금속이온이 복합적으로 오염된 지하수오염 지역에 전기장과 자기장을 복합적으로 변조한 복합변조전기장을 이용하여 기존 적용되는 전기장의 전력과 마그네틱을 이용하여 분해속도를 증가시켜 화학물 첨가비용을 줄이고, 중금속에 오염된 토양·지하수의 처리 분야에 이바지 하고자 한다. 연구에 사용된 중금속 오염 산업폐수는 B시에 있는 산업단지 내에서 공정과정 중 Cr, Ni로 오염된 폐수를 채취하였으며, 원수의 초기 농도는 Cr은 99mg/L이며, Ni은 34mg/L으로 전기장과 자기장을 적용한 복합교류변조장치를 사용하여 중금속으로 오염된 지하수에 전력에 따른 제거효율을 분석하여 연구한 결과 stainless steel전극판에서 빠른시간에 90%이상의 가장 높은 제거율를 나타내었으며, 80W전력에서 최종제거농도가 150분에 1.8mg/L로 94%의 제거율로 나타났으며, Al전극판에서 전기장을 가한 제거농도는, 전력이 가장 높은 80W에서 260분에 2mg/L로 93%의 제거율을 나타내었다. 제거율을 살펴보면 자기장을 적용하였을 때 빠른 반응시간에서 높은 제거율을 나타내는 것으로 나타났으며 자기장을 적용하여 높은 제거효율을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. CIn this study, soil and groundwater contamination refractory organics and heavy metal ions in complex contaminated groundwater contaminated area offers a combination of electric and magnetic fields modulate the complex modulated electric field is applied using the existing power of the electric field and magnetic degradation rate by reduce costs by increasing the addition of chemicals, heavy metals, treatment of contaminated soil and groundwater is to contribute to the field. Used in the study of heavy metal pollution in industrial wastewater at a B in the manufacturing process of industrial complexes Cr, Ni-contaminated waste were collected, the initial concentration of Cr in raw 99mg/L and, Ni the 34mg/L is complex modulating alternating current device under electrical field and magnetic field was conducted to remove nickel(Ni) in underground water on the effect of powder. Removal concentration and efficiency under electric field applied to the stainless steel(SUS) electrode were found to the highest value of 1.8mg/L and 94% at 80W for 150 minutes, respectively. Moreover, Removal concentration and efficiency in the aluminum(Al) electrode were found to be 2mg/L and 93% at 80W for 260 minutes. The removal efficiency was also shown to be increased when magnetic field was applied and when fast reactive time was achieved as well.

감염성 폐기물 관리를 위한 RFID 적용에 관한 연구

정양재,성낙창,강헌찬,강대성,Joung, Lyang-Jae,Sung, Nak-Chang,Kang, Hean-Chan,Kang, Dae-Seong 한국융합신호처리학회 2007 융합신호처리학회 논문지 (JISPS) Vol.8 No.1

최근 감염성폐기물에 의한 감염성에 대한 위험을 인식함에 따라 감염성폐기물의 관리 및 처리에 관한 문제점들이 사회적으로 부각되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 차세대 핵심 기술인 RFID 기술을 이용하여 감염성폐기물의 발생원에서부터 처리장까지 일련의 과정을 실시간으로 모니터링이 가능하게 함으로써 감염성 폐기물의 비효율적인 처리로 인한 2차 감염 등의 문제를 해결하고자 하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 연구를 통해 기존의 현장 관리담당자에 의한 서면작성이나 웹 어플리케이션을 통해 처리되는 전산입력과 같은 관리방식에서 나타나는 오 기재 및 입력오류 등에 대한 문제점은 RFID 태그에 각 절차적 업무사항 저장하도록 하여 모니터링 함으로써 실시간으로 관리 현황을 파악할 수 있다. 그리고 개인인증을 위한 생체정보는 PCA 알고리즘으로 계산된 특징벡터를 인증용 태그 내에 저장하여 인증이 수행되도록 하였다. 이는 작업자가 폐기물을 취급 주의를 줌으로써 이전보다 체계적이면서 안전한 관리방안을 제안하였다고 하겠다. Recently, as recognizing the risk about the infection of an infectious wastes, the problems about the management and treatment of the infectious wastes stand out socially. In this paper, as being possible monitoring whole processing from the origin of the infectious waste to the processing plant, using the RFID which is the kernel technology of the next generation, we tried to solve the second infection problem by inefficient treatment of the infectious wastes. Through the research suggesting in this paper, as storing and monitoring the procedural business articles and the problem about miss-writing and input error being found in management system like documentary writing by the existing manager and computation input by the web application, we can understand the management state, immediately. And the Bio information for the personal authentication is carried out through storing the feature vector calculation by the PCA algorithm, into the tag. It suggested more systematic and safer management plan than previous thing, as giving attention about the wastes to manager.

해수담수화를 위한 나노버블 침투형 복합 하이드로싸이클론 전처리 기술개발

문상욱 ( Sang-uook Moon ),최호은 ( Ho-eun Choi ),최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ),성낙창 ( Nak-chang Sung ),정병길 ( Byung-gil Jung ) 한국환경기술학회 2020 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.21 No.6

The purpose of this research was to develop a nanobubble multihydrocyclone pretreatment technology that supplies SDI (Silt Density Index) of below 3 in order as alternative to, and etc. the existing coagulation filtration pretreatment process in seawater desalination. The used seawater in this research was sampled at a depth of 5 m in the sea located in B City. The average water quality of seawater was found to be turbidity of 1.28 NTU, TDS 29,800 mg/L, hardness 3,330 mg/L as CaCO₃, total colony counts 190 CFU/100 mL, total coliforms 1,400 CFU/100 mL, and SO₄ ^2- 1,890 mg/L. The nanobubble multi-hydrocyclone pretreatment process was consisted of a nanobubble generator, hydrocyclone, carbon filter, microfilter, RO pump, RO and UV systems. As a result of measuring (average of 5 times) the SDI of raw seawater, pretreated water, secondary treated water and final effluent were found to be 5.74, 3.42, 2.88 and 0.27, respectively. It was satisfied the SDI standard value of below 5 for seawater desalination pretreatment process. As a result of an economic evaluation for the coagulation sedimentation filtration process, the direct coagulation filtration process and the nanobubble multihydrocyclone process, which are the pretreatment processes for seawater desalination, the production cost per ton were 4,850 Won/m³, 4,528 Won/m³, and 3,821 Won/m³, respectively. Therefore, it was found that the nanobubble multi-hydrocyclone pretreatment process reduces operating costs by about 21 % compared to other pretreatment processes.

생활폐기물의 소각로가동 소요비용에 관한 연구

염상욱(Sang Ug Yeom),김정권(Jung Kwon Kim),성낙창(Nak Chang Sung) 한국환경보건학회 1999 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Most of municipal waste generated in korea has been treated in 9 major stocker-typed incineration plants with design capacity greater than 200 tons/day where the amount of waste incinerated amounts to 682,820 tons from January to December 1997. If total costs of approx. 28.1 billions Won for operation and maintenance of 9 incineration plants for 1997 were taken into account, if would cost about 41,135 Won per ton of waste incinerated. And it was found that treatment cost for waste per ton may be lowered much more by revenue from electricity and waste heat sales, and reducing environmental costs through a cost-effective treatment of incineration ash. It is showed that annual operating costs are in proportion to capacity of incinerators, while treatment fee for waste per ton is in inverse proportion to that. And it is indicated that treatment cost per ton would be affected much more by capacity of incinerators than their types. It is concluded that the incineration plants with EP, W/S and SCR require much more operating costs than those with SDR, EP and W/S, while treatment fee for waste per ton in the former plants is cheaper than in the latter.