폐교를 활용한 체험활동 숙박시설의 공간계획 분석

변경화,강은정,유창균,Byun, Kyeonghwa,Kang, Eun-Jung,Yoo, Changgeun 한국주거학회 2015 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.2

This study aims to analyze space planning of accommodations in seven closed schools involved in experiential activity programs on Jeju Island, a famous tourist destination in Korea. The results are as follows. First, 35 schools had been closed down in Jeju between 1982 and 2015. Among them, four closed schools were sold, three are currently used by the Jeju special self-government provincial office of education, and 25 are being leased by individuals, village organizations, and other entities. However, they have not been well-operated, and so strategies for the effective management or operation of these closed schools should be developed. Second, there are distinctive differences in space planning of accommodations based on the correlation between experiential activities and the types of participants. If the experiential activity participants are mainly individuals or small groups, the closed school is likely to plan double-bed accommodations and individual bathrooms rather than large group rooms. Third, in order to operate experiential activity programs, closed schools require four different spaces for experiential activities, lodging, dining, and sanitation. The largest space available in each school building is used for experiential activities, and original classrooms are still in use. According to the standard drawing of school architecture, standard classroom size since 1997 has been $7.5{\times}9$ meters, and lodging rooms have mainly been re-planned based on the module of the standard-sized classroom. School cafeterias are utilized as dinning and kitchen spaces. For sanitation purposes, original school restrooms are still used by experiential program participants, while the shower rooms are newly equipped.

제주도 농촌지역의 소규모학교 살리기를 위한 마을임대주택사업과 빈집 정비사업 현황고찰

변경화,김승근,Byun, Kyeonghwa,Kim, Seung-Geun 한국농촌건축학회 2018 농촌건축 : 한국농촌건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.4

This research aimed to identify transition process of invigoration project of the small-scale schools and status of promoting project of multi-family housing for rental and vacant housing remodeling in Jeju-do, Korea. The results are followings. First, invigoration project of the small-scale schools had been started in villages communities themselves and was institutionalized to local government. To invigorate the small-scale schools was started vacant housing remodeling first in the village itself from 1992. After twenty years had passed, the project was institutionalized to local government in 2013. Second, to enact ordinances about invigoration project of the small-scale schools is the accomplishment of participations and activities of residents who predicted decreasing the number of students in elementary schools. These activities have influenced their communities positively. Finally, to supply multi-family housing for rental or to remodel vacant housing is more effective in increasing residents through influx of students of elementary schools. The average number of students increased from 56.8 in 2013 to 73 in 2018 in 30 elementary schools targeted for invigoration project of the small-scale schools. In particular, the effect in schools targeted the project of rental housing is shown more than schools targeted the project in vacant housing remodeling. In addition, low ratio in the number of closed school is shown in Jeju-do.

마을형 친환경지표 설정을 위한 친환경관련 문헌 조사 연구

변경화,유창균,Byun, Kyeong-Hwa,Yoo, Chang-Geun 한국주거학회 2014 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study is to research the characteristics of literature related to environmentally friendly for a village-focused green index. In order to make an assessment, keywords relating to green architecture were selected: environmental friendliness, ecology, sustainable, Noksaek (Green in Korean), green, and environmentally friendly. In addition, three keywords defining the scope of space were also selected: building, village, and city. Quantitative changes and contents of articles containing the keywords were analyzed. The result is as follows. First, 'sustainable' and 'ecology' were the terms most frequently used as parts of subjects and titles, respectively. Second, the studies relating to green architecture focused on villages mostly examine the actual conditions of the villages; criteria for environmental friendliness, analyses and evaluation of the environmentally friendly features of the village; and ways to establish a green, ecological, and sustainable village. Finally, when it came to establishing a village-focused green index, the environment, resources, and energy are shown to be very important elements. In addition, the term 'ecology' in a green index is shown to be significant for the management of the natural environment.

농촌지역 단독주택의 외부화장실 사용변화에 대한 사례조사

변경화,강봉임,Byun, Kyeong-hwa,Kang, Bong-Im 한국농촌건축학회 2016 농촌건축 : 한국농촌건축학회논문집 Vol.18 No.1

This research is studied changes of outdoor lavatories in use of detached houses in rural areas. Out of 40 houses studied in a 1995 survey, 23 houses were performed again in 2015. Number of lavatories installed in indoor and outdoor both in 1995 are more than in 2015. However, number of indoor lavatories in 2015 are more because outdoor lavatories were demolished. Among 23 houses, 15 outdoor lavatories have been installed in 13 houses. Out of these 15 lavatories, eight have been used continuously from 1995 through 2015. Currently four are used for other purposes, and five have demolished. Outdoor lavatories tend to be built in the rear of the housing site. Those located in rear tend to be demolished rather than in front side because of decreasing in use. In rural areas, outdoor lavatories not only serve as spaces to fulfill basic human needs, but are used to store agricultural tools. Changes of family composition and member also exert an influence. When family members were decreased, outdoor lavatories tended to be demolished. However, although family members were decreased, the reason that outdoor lavatories have been used continually is for exterior work or farming and temporarily increasing family members in holiday and family events. The more family members used, the more outdoor lavatories are managed well. The more houses where the aged reside in, the more outdoor lavatories are not improved.

농촌 단독주택 부출입문의 기능 및 이용변화에 대한 사례조사

변경화,이윤정,권영규,Byun, Kyeonghwa,Lee, Yunjeong,Kwon, Young-Gyu 한국농촌건축학회 2015 농촌건축 : 한국농촌건축학회논문집 Vol.17 No.4

In contrast to apartments, detached houses offer the possibility of more than one entrance connecting interior and exterior spaces. This study examines the location, function, and use of second doors in detached houses in rural areas. The study employs survey and interviews conducted in 2015, focusing on 18 detached houses among 40 houses previously surveyed in 1995. In 1995, 21 second doors were found, while in 2015, 19 were found. The study led to the following conclusions. First, most houses did have second doors installed by 1995 or 2015. Second doors tended to be installed in kitchen and utility rooms. The function of second doors was most closely connected to the kitchen because utility rooms were placed adjacent to kitchens. Secondly, changes in the use and number of second doors were changes in family life cycle and composition, the need for new equipment facilities, the use of new architectural materials, and the installation of new second doors for extension of space. Finally, exterior spaces accessed by second doors tend to be a meeting of semi-interior or semi-exterior space and exterior space only. Those spaces tended to be designed for kitchen fixtures or to support kitchen activities.

도보여행자의 심리적 안전에 영향을 미치는 도보길 환경과 정보시설물의 설치 현황 - 제주올레 16코스와 사라봉·별도봉 산책로, 강릉바우길 8구간과 경포호 산책로를 대상으로 -

변경화,김영덕,Byun, Kyeonghwa,Kim, Young-duk 한국농촌건축학회 2016 농촌건축 : 한국농촌건축학회논문집 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate installation status of information facilities and condition of walking road influencing to psychological safety of walking tourists. For this purpose, four roads for walking tour are selected; the course no. 16 of Jeju Olle Trail, Sarabong Byeoldobong walkway in Jeju and the course no. 8 of Bougil, Gyeongpo Lake walkway in Gangneung. Facilities installed on roads for walking tour are classified into four facilities; safety facility, information facility, amenity facility, local cultural facility. In order to consider installation status of information facilities and condition of walking road influencing to psychological safety of walking tourist, a field experiment was conduced focusing on the course no. 16 of Jeju Olle Trail. Thirteen cases were happened as confusing situation while walking tour. Of the 13 cases, the situation of being lost and wandering on the trail accounted for six cases. In contrast to the expectation that the situation of being lost and wandering would occur only at a crossroads, it is not that such situation took place at specific places like a crossroads or where direction signs were inaccurate. Walking tourists of this field experiment also confronted situations of having lost confidence about continuing the ongoing direction, of having anxiety over walking a walking trail, of feeling discomfort caused by walking and of being offended by uncomfortable or messy areas of walking trial. These confusing situations are happened inappropriate installation of direction sign, so direction sign is needed to install more carefully and detailed.

제주 가파도 전통마을의 영(靈)적공간 형성 및 특징연구

변경화(Byun, Kyeong-Hwa),강은정(Kang, Eun-Jung),이정림(Lee, Jeong-Lim),김규한(Kim, Kyu-Han) 대한건축학회 2014 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.30 No.1

This study aims to identify the establishment and characteristics of spiritual space in a traditional village of island focusing on Gapa Island, Jejudo. The spiritual space in this study are described as religious, emotional and psychological spaces which residents of Gapa Island have customarily something in common. The study employed the qualitative research method by interviewing island residents and field survey about those spaces. The study identified twelve spiritual spaces on Gapa Island which is categorized into four groups; village faith spaces, in other words, Shamanism spaces, general religious facilities, cemetery, and taboo spaces. These spaces were considered as an important islander’s spiritual spaces which were built at the same time when the village had been established and was extended. Since these spiritual spaces were built by islanders, they have continuously changed according to the growth of village and new culture from the outside. spiritual spaces settled from the community point of view are using up to the present. Three spiritual spaces of altar, Halmang-Dang of Sangdong and Hadong are essential in religious, emotional and psychological functions of village residents because those three spaces have settled as village faith. In regards to the arrangement of spiritual spaces, the village was divided into East and West areas according to the inner road that connects Sangdong port and Handong port. The alter and cemetery were arranged to the quiet places of the island, East side which was difficult to catch fish due to high wave and the death of water. However, the west side of island which woman divers were able to catch seafood was characterized as active and living area.

농촌지역 단독주택의 건축적 외부공간 변화에 대한 사례조사

변경화(Kyeonghwa Byun),김영덕(Young-duk Kim) 한국생활환경학회 2016 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.23 No.6

The purpose of this study is to examine changes in the exterior spaces of detached houses in rural area. Residences studied in a 1995 survey of 40 houses were examined 20 years later in a 2015 time series survey to analyze changes through time. Of the 24 houses that were re-analyzed, 17 were selected for final analysis in light of the changes they demonstrated. This study led to three specific conclusions. First, at the time of the survey in 1995, many storage spaces and annexes had been added in terms of exterior spaces, and this was a distinctive characteristic seen in rural areas. Second, there were changes in the use of exterior spaces, and their necessity depended on different time periods. Third, a comparison of the homes in 1995 and 2015 showed that changes had arisen in front gates and walls. Many front gates had not been replaced even when decrepit, and walls were collapsing or absent. This is indicative of the open nature of these rural communities. Finally, factors influencing changes to architectural exterior space are showed with characteristics of rural area, social change, change of family members, construction of new road, and convenience of housing life.

집합주택단지의 옥외공간에 있어서 고령자 이바쇼(居場所)의 특징고찰 - 일본 치바현(千葉縣)의 카시와시(柏市) 토요시키다이(豊四季台)단지를 대상으로 -

이윤정,변경화,유창균,Lee, Yunjeong,Byun, Kyeonghwa,Yoo, Changgeun 한국주거학회 2015 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.6

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of exterior spaces used by the elderly of housing complex. The exterior spaces are used for going out in everyday life with the view point that the elderly have to go out from the inside home in order to prevent isolating the elderly from local community. For that Toyoshikidai housing complex in Kashiwa city of Chiba prefecture, Japan is selected and carried out questionnaire survey and field survey targeting residents. The results are following as. For spatial characteristics, the location installed benches, location occupied in one part by roof, wall, or plants, place connecting to moving flow of the aged, and an open expanse getting safety from vehicle are taken advantages for the elderly. For using benches, the elderly of 70.1% do not have experience using benches installed in all those places. The the biggest reason is that they are not tired. However, 36.8% of the elderly are using benches in order to take a rest and 20.8% of them are using benches in order to talk with the other people. Bench is ibasho of the elderly.

도심 내 현존하는 옛마을에 있어서 신축주택의 배치양상 - 청주 탑동 '양달말'을 대상으로 -

채수민,변경화,김태영,Chae, Su-Min,Byun, Kyeong-Hwa,Kim, Tai-Young 한국주거학회 2011 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.5

The purpose of this study is to examine if orientation, location of entrance, court yard of existing old houses are consistently maintained when houses are newly built fitting the changed lots system, and the changed road system for Topdong 'Yangdalmal' in the existing old settlements in old center Cheongju. The lots was spilt up into 15 lots in 1913, 38 lots in 1968, and 75 lots in 2010. Among them, The lots maintained are 19 lots and the lots subdivided are 56 lots. 12 houses are newly built among the 19 shape-maintained lots and 41 houses are newly built among the 56 split up lots. Most of the new houses have south-facing orientation. Main entrance near the old road keeps the direction of the previous entry. Houses built in 1970s and 1980s keep their original court yards but they are disappearing year by year by new type of houses in 1990s.