심장에서 세포내 Mg²⁺ 농도 의존적 Mg²⁺ 유리

백성수,김상진,김진상,Baek, Sung-soo,Kim, Shang-jin,Kim, Jln-shang 대한수의학회 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

Magnesium ($Mg^{2+}$) transport across the plasma membrane of cardiac myocytes appears to be under hormonal control. Repeated stimulations with adrenergic or histaminergic agonist produced a progressive decrease in $Mg^{2+}$ efflux from hearts. Thus we hypothesized that the $Mg^{2+}$ efflux may be resulted from a down-regulation of receptors or from a depletion of $Mg^{2+}$ from intracellular pool(s) in the hearts. In the present study, the regulation of $Mg^{2+}$ homeostasis by receptor stimulation was studied in perfused rat and guinea pig hearts. The successive short addition of norepinephrine (NE) to rat and guinea pig, and of histamine (HT) to perfused guinea pig hearts induced a progressive decrease in $Mg^{2+}$ efflux. These $Mg^{2+}$ effluxes were blocked by propranolol or ranitidine, respectively. These decrease in $Mg^{2+}$ efflux were inhibited by sodium cyanide (NaCN), which increases intracellular $Mg^{2+}$ ($[Mg^{2+}]_i$) levels. When NE (or HT) was added after HT (or NE), this efflux was also decreased in the guinea pig hearts. In the rat hearts and myocytes, HT did not stimulate $Mg^{2+}$ efflux. But NE produced a large $Mg^{2+}$ efflux after stimulation with HT. 8-(4-Chlorophenylthio)-adenosine cAMP (cAMP), like NE and HT, also induced a progressive decrease in $Mg^{2+}$ efflux in guinea pig hearts. This effect was inhibited by NaCN. These data provide evidence that the progressive decrease in receptor-stimulated $Mg^{2+}$ efflux is considered to be due to a decrease in $[Mg^{2+}]_i$ levels rather than receptor down-regulation.

운동과학의 뉴노멀

백성수 ( Seung-soo Baek ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2020 운동과학 Vol.29 No.3

Relation between depressive symptoms and treadmill exercise capacity in the young adults

Baek Seung-Soo(백성수) 한국체육과학회 2008 한국체육과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

운동은 우울증이 있는 사람들에게 정신적 건강 측면에서 매우 유익하다. 트레드밀 운동검사를 마친 후 심박수 회복은 자율신경계 기능을 측정하는데 사용된다. 본 연구는 젊은 성인의 심박수 회복에 의한 자율신경계의 기능과 우울증 검사(beck depression inventory: BDI)에 의한 우울증상에 대하여 운동 능력의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 35명의 남·녀가 (24±2세) 트레드밀 운동검사에 참여하였다. 참가자들은 BDI를 사용하여 우울 증상을 측정하였고, 브루스 프로토콜 트레드밀 운동 검사를 실시하였으며, 운동 후 2분에 심박수 회복을 측정하였다. 참가자들 중 BDI 검사 결과를 바탕으로 낮은 점수를 받은 참가자 (24명) 과 높은 점수를 받은 참가자 (11명) 으로 구분하였다. 트레드밀 운동 검사를 통해 운동 능력(exercise capacity), 안정시 심박수, 최대 심박수, 심박수 회복 점수를 측정하였다. 그 결과 BDI 점수는 심박수 회복과 부적 상관(r=.17, p<0.5) 있었으며, 높은 우울 증상을 보인 참가자들은 심박수 회복이 감소되는 것과 관련이 있음을 보여 주었다. 이러한 결과는 우울증이 자율신경계의 부적절한 조절에 기인하는 것이라고 사료된다. 따라서 신체활동을 포함하는 운동은 아마도 우울 증상이 있는 젊은 성인들에게 부분적으로 나마 유익할 것으로 판단된다.

자발적 휠 달리기를 포함한 enriched 환경이 streptozotocin에 의해 유발된 당뇨 쥐 해마의 신경세포생성과 단기기억력에 미치는 효과

백성수 ( Seung Soo Baek ),김유미 ( You Mi Kim ),주관중 ( Kwan Joong Joo ),고일규 ( Il Gyu Ko ),김창주 ( Chang Ju Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구-한국운동과학회) 2006 운동과학 Vol.15 No.3

흰쥐에서 ATP 결핍에 의한 혈중 Mg²⁺ 농도조절

김상진,백성수,심소연,오성숙,김진상,Kim, Shang-jin,Baek, Sung-soo,Shim, So-yeon,Oh, Sung-suck,Kim, Jin-shang 대한수의학회 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

Since intracellular free $Mg^{2+}$ ($[Mg^{2+}]_i$) appears to be tightly regulated following cellular energy depletion, we hypothesized that the increase in $[Mg^{2+}]_i$ would result in $Mg^{2+}$ extrusion into circulation. Extracellualr $Mg^{2+}$ contents ($[Mg^{2+}]_o$) were measured in rat erythrocytes, the perfused heart and liver, and plasma in the anesthetized rat. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with sodium nitrite ($NaNO_2$) and plasma $Mg^{2+}$ was measured after the injection and then 10 and 20 minutes later. An increase in circulating (plasma) $Mg^{2+}$ ($[Mg^{2+}]_c$) and methemoglobin was observed in animals injected with $NaNO_2$ (30 mg/Kg). The time course of the effects demonstrated that $[Mg^{2+}]_c$ and methemoglobin continued to increase 10 minutes after the $NaNO_2$ injection. Under these conditions, there was a sustained increase in $[Mg^{2+}]_c$, but not in methemoglobin, which was inhibited by pretreatment with potassium cyanide (KCN, 4 mg/Kg), indicating that an increase in $[Mg^{2+}]_c$ was accompanied by ATP depletion. Injection of rotenone (0.9 mg/Kg) or 2,4-dinitrophenol (15 mg/Kg) also induced an increase in $[Mg^{2+}]_c$. Reduced respiration rate from 100/min to 10/min during 30 minutes also caused a time-dependent rise in $[Mg^{2+}]_c$. These increase in $[Mg^{2+}]_c$ were inhibited by pretreatment with KCN. In addition, ATP depletion by $NaNO_2$ or KCN sustainedly increased the $[Mg^{2+}]_o$ in rat erythrocytes. $Mg^{2+}$ efflux was stimulated by KCN in the perfused heart and liver, but not by $NaNO_2$. These results suggest that the activation of $Mg^{2+}$ effluxes into the circulation is directly dependent on the ATP depletion-induced increase in $[Mg^{2+}]_i$ and heart, liver and erythrocytes have a major pool of $Mg^{2+}$ that can be mobilized upon cellular energy state.

흰쥐 대동맥에서 phospholipase C를 경유한 melatonin의 혈관 이완 작용

김상진,백성수,강형섭,김진상,Kim, Shang-Jin,Baek, Sung-Soo,Kang, Hyung-Sub,Kim, Jin-Shang 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.4

Melatonin, the principal hormone of the vertebral pineal gland, participates in the regulation of cardiovascular system in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of melatonin on vascular tissues are still vague. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between phospholipase C (PLC) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) signaling cascade in the relaxatory action of melatonin in isolated rat aorta. Melatonin induced a concentration-dependent relaxation in phenylephrine (PE)- and KCl-precontracted endothelium intact (+E) aortic rings. In KCl-precontracted +E aortic rings, the melatonin-induced vasorelaxation was not inhibited by endothelium removal or by pretreatment with NOS inhibitors, L-$N^G$-nitor-arginine (L-NNA) and L-$N^G$-nitor-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), guanylate cyclase (GC) inhibitors, methylene blue (MB) and 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo-[4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). In PE-precontracted +E aortic rings, the melatonin-induced vasorelaxation was inhibited by endothelium removal or by pretreatment with L-NNA, L-NAME, MB, ODQ and 2-nitro-4-carboxyphenyl-n,n-diphenylcarbamate (NCDC). Moreover, in without endothelium (-E) aortic rings and in the presence of L-NNA, L-NAME, MB and ODQ in +E aortic rings, the melatonin-induced residual relaxations and residual contractile responses to PE were not affected by NCDC, a PLC inhibitor. It is concluded that melatonin can evoke vasorelaxation due to inhibition of PLC pathway through the protein kinase G activation of endothelial NOS/cGMP signaling cascade.

흰쥐 대동맥에서 imipramine의 혈관이완 작용기전

강형섭,이상우,백성수,조성건,김진상,Kang, Hyung-sub,Lee, Sang-woo,Baek, Sung-su,Joe, Sung-gun,Kim, Jin-shang 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

Although the antidepressant effects of imipramine (IMI) have been well known in several studies, the effects on cardiovascular system, particularly the vasorelaxant effects, have not known clearly. We hypothesis that IMI-induced vasorelaxation involves NO (nitrie oxide), activation of guanylate cyclase (GC) and $Ca^{2+}$ channel. The possible roles of the endothelium and $Ca^{2+}$ in IMI-induced responses were investigated using isolated rings of rat thoracic aorta and anesthesized rats. In KCl-precontracted rings. IMI produces endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxations in intact (+E) as well as endothelium-denuded (-E) rat aorta in a concentration-dependent manner. In phenylephrine (PE)-precontracted rings, the IMI-induced relaxation was significantly greater in +E rings. The IMI-induced relaxations were suppressed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and aminoguanidine, a non-selective GC inhibitor, methylene blue, $Na^+$ channel blockers, lidocaine and procaine, or $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers, nifedipine and verapamil, in PE-precontracted +E rings, but not in PE-precontracted -E rings. These relaxations were also suppressed by lidocaine or procaine in -E aortic rings. However, IMI-induced relaxations were not inhibited by a PLC inhibitor 2-nitro-4-carboxyphenyl-n,n-diphenylcarbamate (NCDC), an inositol monophosphatase inhibitor, lithium, indomethacin and dexamethasone in +E and -E rings. In vivo, infusion of IMI elicited significant decrease in arterial blood pressure. After intravenous injection of saponin, NOS inhibitors. MB and nifedipine, infusion of IMI inhibited the IMI-lowered blood pressure markedly. These findings suggest that the endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by IMI is mediated by activation of NO/cGMP signaling cascade or inhibition of $Ca^{2+}$ entry through voltage-gated channel, and this mechanism may contribute to the hypotensive effects of IMI in rats.

유방암 환자의 인지 손상에 미치는 운동 효과: 메타분석적 접근

은홍범 ( Hong-bum Eun ),백성수 ( Seung-soo Baek ) 한국운동생리학회 2021 운동과학 Vol.30 No.4

PURPOSE: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is exposed to cognitive impairments that interfere with their daily lives after a complete recovery. Exercise is one of the effective non-pharmacological treatments to prevent or improve cognitive function decline. This study evaluated the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive function improvement in CRCI breast cancer patients and searched the association of various aspects in which exercise affects cognitive function improvement. METHODS: PubMed, ScienceDirect, ACS journal, and Google scholar databases from 1 January 2014 to 31 May 2021 were utilized for searching articles related to research purpose. Meta-analysis was conducted with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 using the random-effect model. RESULTS: A meta-analysis of seven studies showed that walking (ES=0.59, p=.000) was the most effective in improving cognitive function, and moderate-intensity (ES=0.60, p=.000) was more effective than moderate-to-high intensity (ES=0.27, p=.007) exercise in CRCI patients with breast cancer. Cognitive function improvement was observed in short-term exercise intervention for four weeks (ES=0.46, p=.038), and after that, it was found that the cognition improvement effect was maintained or improved through long-term (12 or 24 weeks) exercise. Moreover, the cognitive function of CRCI patients with breast cancer improved without supervision during exercise interventions (ES=0.39, p=.001). CONCLUSIONS: Walking and moderate-intensity exercise can suppress cognitive impairment in CRCI patients with breast cancer. Personalized exercise prescription through short-term and long-term exercise periods can alleviate cognitive decline and improve the cognitive function of CRCI breast cancer patients. Exercise interventions without supervision also show a positive influence on cognitive function improvement.

운동재활이 자폐스펙트럼장애 어린이의 행동변화에 미치는 영향

이민희(Lee, Min-Hee),백성수(Baek, Seung-Soo) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Autism spectrum disorder is a kind of neurodevelopmental disorder and it has characteristics of social communication, interaction disorder and repeated behavior. The non-disabled has difficulty in understanding and acceptance of autism spectrum disorder caused by problem behavior. The propose of this study focus on effect of exercise rehabilitation on behavioral change in children with autism spectrum disorder. In order to achieve its objective, sampling was performed for 24 persons who consented on study participation among children with autism spectrum disorder and it was divided into control group(n=14) and exercise group(n=10). Exercise rehabilitation program was performed for total 24 weeks based on ration of 1:1 between exercise instructor and child with autism spectrum disorder. In order to confirm behavioral change, occurrence frequency of participation behavior and problem behavior was analyzed by dividing photographed image into 10 seconds unit after shooting image for 10 minutes before and after starting 24-week rehabilitation program. As a result of this study, problem behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder who participated in exercise rehabilitation was decreased and its participation behavior was increased. Therefore, it is considered that exercise rehabilitation is effective for changing behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder positively.

중학교 체육수업의 재미 촉진요인과 저해요인

성창훈(Chang Hoon Seong),백성수(Sung Su Baek) 한국스포츠교육학회 2000 한국스포츠교육학회지 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 중학생들이 체육수업에서 경험하는 재미의 촉진요인과 저해요인을 분석하였다. 606명의 남녀학생들이 촉진(302명)과 저해요인(304명)을 묻는 개방형 설문지에 각각 반응하였으며, 여기에서 얻어진 770개의 촉진요인과 816개의 저해요인 원자료는 3단계 범주화 방법을 통하여 내용 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 재미를 촉진시키는 요인으로는 과제의 선택성과 자율성(40.6%), 긍정적 수업방식(25.4%), 운동의 심리 ·생리적 효과(14.8%), 교사(7.5%), 경쟁과 시합(3.9%), 실기평가(3.6%)의 6개 일반영역이 도출되었으며, 저해요인은 과제의 선택제한(27.2%), 부정적 수업방식(30.4%), 열악한 교육환경(14.2%), 교사(14.1%), 평가(7.3%), 교실수업(7.0%), 학생요인(2.0%), 잡일하기(1.7%)의 8개 일반영역으로 대분되었다 특히, 하위 분류 영역에서 나타난 체육수업의 재미요인들은 스포츠 연구들에서 제시된 재미요인들과 비교하여 현저한 개념적 차이를 보였다. 나아가 재미 촉진요인과 저해요인의 하위 주제들 간에도 다소의 차이를 보였으며, 촉진과 저해요인에 포함된 각 주제의 반응빈도에 대한 성별에 따른 차이 역시 발견되었다. 이러한 결과는 학생들의 동기와 정서를 보다 잘 이해하고 이에 바탕을 둔 학교 체육프로그램의 내용 선정과 운영 측면에서 논의하였다. This study investigated the promotive and interuptive sources of enjoyment in middle school-based Physical Education(PE). Middle school students(301 boys, 305 girls) responded an open-ened question regarding the factors promotive and interuptive sources of enjoyment in PE. A total of 1586 reponse(770 promotive and 816 interuptive sources) on the open-ened question were content-analyzed. In the 1st subject analysis, the 18 promotive and 15 ineruptive dimensions of enjoyment were emerged, and in the details area of 2nd subject analysis, it was divided into the 11 promotive and 10 interuptive dimensions. It the general area of the final classification, the 7 promotive sources were the task, instruction method, psychological/physiological effect of exercise, to like the teacher, competition and match, skill measure, others etc., and the interuptive sources were classified into task, instruction method, educational environment, teacher, skill measure load, classroom work, student, to do the miscellaneous works, lack of physical education class, others etc. The dimentions generally fit into the students` experience catagories in PE(Goudas & Biddle, 1993). However, some unique sources of enjoyment reflect the nature of middle school PE in korea. Gender difference in the dimention and the level of PE enjoyment were also identified.