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조피볼락 치어의 장기간 사육에 있어서 사료내 L - ascorbic acid 농도가 성장과 조직내 Vitamin C 농도에 미치는 영향
배승철(Sung Chul BAI),이경준(Kyeong Jun LEE) 한국수산과학회 1996 한국수산과학회지 Vol.29 No.5
A long term feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of different dietary vitamin C levels on growth and its tissue distributions in juvenile Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. Prior to the start of feeding trial, fish were fed the basal diet supplementing no L-ascorbic acid for four weeks to minimize their body reserves of vitamin C. Then fish were divided into six groups with triplicates and given one of the laboratory semipurified diets supplementing either 0, 25, 50, 75, 150, or 1500 ㎎ L-ascorbic acid (AA)/㎏ diet (C_0, C_(25), C_(50), C_(75), C_(150), & C_(1500). Fish fed the C_0 diet had lower percent weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio than did fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). After 28 weeks of feeding trial, tissue AA concentrations of fish fed C_0 diet were lower than those of fish fed C_(1500) diet (P<0.05). A large amount of total tissue AA may be reserved in muscle, but the unit AA concentration seemed to be higher in brain than did the other tissues. The growth performances of fish fed C_(25) diet were not different compared to those of fish fed C_(50)-C_(1500) diets (P>0.05), and diet analysis of vitamin C showed that the C_(25) diet had 65 ㎎ AA/㎏ diet. Therefore, the present long-term study may suggest that the dietary vitamin C requirement is approximately 65 ㎎ AA/㎏ diet in juvenile Korean rockfish.
잉어 사료에 있어 축산 가공 부산 혼합물의 어분 대체 가능성
배승철(Sung Chul Bai),장혜경(Hye Kyung Jang),조은선(Eun Sun Cho) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.3
This study evaluated the possible utilization and the replacing range of animal by-product mixture (ABPM) as a dietary fish meal replacer in Brewing common carp (Cyprinus carpio). ABPM is a mixture of loather meal meat and bene meal, blood meal and squid liver powder at a specific weight based ratio. Five different diets were formulated on isonitrogenous and isocaloric basis of 40% crude protein and 15.3 KJ/g diet in which white fish meal (WFM) protein was substituted with the ABPM protein as follows: diet 1, 100% WFM (0% ABPM, control): diet 2. 75% WFM+25% ABPM (25% ABPM); diet 3, 50% WFM+50% ABPM (50% ABPM); diet 4,25% WFM+75% ABPM (75% ABPM); diet 5,0% WFM+100% ABPM (100% ABPM). As the dietary protein sources, each diet contained 34.7% of animal protein supplied by white fish meal and/or ABPM and 65.3% of plant protein. After one week of conditioning period, fish averaging 10g were randomly assigned to each diet 1 (control) and 3 were significantly higher than those of fish fed diet 2, 4 and 5 during the first 4 weeks (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences among all diet groups during the third 4 weeks (P>0.05). Feed conversion ratio of fish fed diet 1 was significantly higher than those fad diet 2, 3, 4 arid 5 during the second 4 weeks (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences among all diet groups during the first and the third 4 weeks (P<0.05), There were no significant differences in proximate analysis among fish fed the experimental diets either far the second 4 weeks or the third 4 weeks (P>0.05). These results indicated that ABPM could be used as a fish meal replacer up to 100% in growing common carp.
적수온(20-24.5℃)에서 사육한 미성어기(384 g) 넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus)의 배합사료 적정 공급률
김성삼 ( Sung-sam Kim ),김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),이봉주 ( Bong Joo Lee ),한현섭 ( Hyon Sob Han ),김재원 ( Jae Won Kim ),배승철 ( Sung Chul Bai ),이경준 ( Kyeong Jun Lee ) 한국수산과학회 2014 한국수산과학회지 Vol.47 No.5
We investigated the effects of feeding rate on the growth, blood components, and histology of sub-adult olive floun-der Paralichthys olivaceus. Optimum feeding rate (initial fish mean weight : 384.2±5.91 g ) was determined under the optimum water temperature. Two replicated groups of fish were fed a commercial diet at rates of 0%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7% body weight (BW) per day, and to satiation. The feeding trial was conducted using a flow-through system with ten 1.2-metric ton aquaria receiving filtered seawater at 20-24.5℃ for 3 weeks. After the feeding trial, the weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly higher in fish fed at 0.7% BW/day and those fed to satiation (0.9% BW/day) than in fish fed at other feeding rates or in the unfed fish. These parameters were negative and sig-nificantly lower in the unfed fish than in those fed the experimental diet at all feeding rates. There were no significant differences in WG and SGR among fish fed at 0.3 and 0.5% BW/day and among those fed at 0.7% BW/day and to satiation. The histological changes in the hepatopancreas, kidney, and anterior intestine of fish fed at 0, 0.5, and 0.9 % BW/day did not differ much. Broken-line regression analysis of weight gain showed that the optimum feeding rate of olive flounder weighing 384 g was 0.74% BW per day at the optimum water temperatures.
단위가축영양 : 토종 육계에 있어서 복합 생균제 및 면역증강제의 항생제 대체효과
이상범 ( Sang Bum Lee ),김병극 ( Byung Kuk Kim ),박창호 ( Chang Ho Park ),박건현 ( Gun Hyun Park ),김영성 ( Yong Cheng Jin ),강한석 ( Han Suk Kang ),김영철 ( Young Chul Kim ),김윤칠 ( Youn Chil Kim ),배승철 ( Sung Chul Bai ),김선 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2011 한국축산학회지 Vol.53 No.5
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary probiotics and immunomodulator on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fecal NH3 content and pathogenic bacteria counts in ileum and cecum and ileum of broiler chicken(Korean native chicken, HanHyup No.3). A total of 120(day-old) chicks were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 3 replicates and there were 8 birds per replicate. Dietary treatments consisted of five diets; the corn-soybean based control diet(C), the diet containing antibiotics (Avilamycin) 10 ppm(T1), the diet containing probiotics 1[(Lactobacillus(4.45×10(6))+yeast(1.51×10(6))+Bacillus subtilis (3.50×10(5))] at 0.5% level(T2), probiotics 2 [(Lactobacillus (6.70×10(7))+yeast(3.10×10(6))] at 0.5% level in diet(T3), and the diet containing probiotics 3[T2+β-glucan+organic acid](T4) and raised for 9 weeks. There were no significant differences among treatments in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. Carcass ratios of broilers were higher in T3 and T4 than other treatments, however, the differences were non-significant. Internal organs and liver, heart weight were significantly increased in T4 (p<0.05) compared to other treatments. The fecal NH3 gas content was decreased(p<0.05) in antibiotics fed group than others. However, probiotic fed groups were not different when compared with control. The number of Salmonella and E. coli in cecum were reduced in the group supplemented with probiotics and immunomodulator compared to the antibiotics(p<0.05). In this experiment, we showed that diets containing pro-biotics and immunomodulator were capable of an alternative to antibiotics.
치어기 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)에 있어서 어분 대체원으로써 탈피대두박을 이용하여 생산한 오징어 간분의 평가
김영철 ( Young Chul Kim ),배승수 ( Sung Su Bae ),이준호 ( Jun Ho Lee ),박건현 ( Gun Hyun Park ),이정열 ( Jeong Yeol Lee ),배승철 ( Sung Chul C. Bai ) 한국수산학회 2009 한국수산과학회지 Vol.42 No.3
This study was conducted to determine the proper inclusion levels of squid liver powder (SLP) and dehulled soybean meal (DHSM) as a fish meal (FM) replacement in the diets for olive flounders. All the experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (50% crude protein, CP) and isocaloric (17.1 kJ energy g-1 diet). Four diet were formulation of FM with SLP (DHSM) were tested at 0, 25, 50, 75% (SLP(DHSM)0, SLP(DHSM)25, SLP(DHSM)50 and SLP(DHSM)75, respectively). Triplicate groups of 12 fish with an average body weight of 5.56±0.1g(mean±S.D.) were fed one of three experimental diets for 7 weeks. Weight gain (WG) and the specific growth rate(SGR) of fish fed SLP(DHSM)0 and SLP(DHSM)25 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed SLP(DHSM)50 and SLP(DHSM)75 diets (P<0.05). Also, WG and SGR of fish fed SLP(DHSM)50 had significantly higher WG and SGR than that of fish fed SLP(DHSM)75 (P<0.05). The feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed SLP(DHSM)0 and SLP(DHSM)25 were significantly higher than those fed SLP(DHSM)50 and SLP(DHSM)75 (P<0.05). The whole-body crude lipid content of fish SLP(DHSM)75 was significantly higher than that of fish fed SLP(DHSM)50 (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in whole-body moisture, crude protein and crude ash of fish fed all diets. Based on these growth performance results, the SLP(DHSM) combination replace up to 25% FM protein by the ANOVA test in juvenile olive flounder diets.
치어기 조피볼락에 있어 사료내 어분대체품의 이용 가능성
김강웅(Kang Woong Kim),배승철(Sung Chul Bai) 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.2
A 16-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the amount of fish meal analogue (FMA) that can be replacing white fish meal (WFM) protein in Korean rockfish. Five experimental diets were formulated on isonitrogenous and isocaloric basis of 50% crude protein and 15.6 KJ/g diet. The graded level of replacement of FM by FMA on the basis of crude protein were as follows : Diet 1(100% WFM), Diet 2 (87.5% WFM : 12.5% FMA), Diet 3 (75% WFM : 25% FMA), Diet 4 (75% WFM : 25% FMA+2 EAAs), Diet 5 (50% WFM : 50% MA+2 EAAs). Methionine and lysine were selected for 2 essential amino acids (EAA) to study the effect of adding EAA to th diets 4 and 5. Weig6t gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE) and- protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed diet 3, 4 and 5 were significantly lower (P< 0.05) than those of fish fed the control (100% WFM), while that of fish fed diet 2 was not significantly different diet (P>0.05) from those of fish fed the control diet. WG, FE and PER of fish fed diet 4 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of fish fed diet 3, but lower than those of fish fed the control diet. Therefore, these results indicated that FMA protein could substitute WFM protein up to 12.5% without 2 EAAs supplementation in Korean rockfish. And, dietary supplementation of 2 EAAs could be benetficial when FMA is utilized as a fish meal replacer in iuvenile Korean rockfish.
단백질원료의 종류에 따른 황복(Takifugu obscurus) 치어의 소화율 및 성장 평가
유광열 ( Gwang Yeol Yoo ),배승철 ( Sung Chul Bai ) 한국수산과학회 2014 한국수산과학회지 Vol.47 No.4
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the apparent dry matter and protein digestibility of seven differ- ent dietary protein sources by juvenile river puffer Takifugu obscurus. Eight diets containing white fish meal (WFM), brown fish meal (BFM), squid liver powder (SLP), krill meal (KM), leather meal (LM), soybean meal (SM), or fermented soybean meal (FSM) were prepared by mixing a basal diet (BD) with one of the seven test ingredients at a ratio of 7 to 3. Fish averaging 10.8 ± 0.04 g were fed the experimental diets in triplicate groups. The apparent dry matter digestibilities of BFM, WFM, FSM, SLP, LM, SM, and KM were 80, 78, 72, 67, 56, 55, and 54%, respectively, while the corresponding apparent protein digestibilities were 96, 96, 93, 92, 89, 88, and 86. The weight gain of fish fed BFM was significantly greater than that of fish fed SM or LM (P <0.05), while it was not significantly different from that of fish fed the BD, WFM, FSM, BFM, SLP, or KM. These results indicated that WFM, BFM, FSM, and SLP are potentially good protein sources for replacing fish meal in river puffer feed.
해조류 NDF에 결합된 주요 무기질(Ca, P, Mg)의 함량 분석 및 추정 이용률
곽연화(Yeon Hwa Kwak),배승철(Sung Chul Bai),김대진(Dae Jin Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.7
해조류는 다당류인 수용성 식이섬유와 무기질의 공급원으로 그 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 그러나 인간이나 단위 동물에 있어서는 해조류의 세포벽물질을 분해할 수 있는 효소를 갖고 있지 않은 것으로 알려져 있어 이에 결합된 무기질은 인체 내 소화가 대부분 되지 않는다. 따라서 본 연구는 해조류의 무기질 함량을 측정하고, 해조류 다당류인 세포벽 물질(NDF, netural detergent fiber)에 결합된 다량 무기질인 Ca, P, Mg을 측정하여, 원래 해조류에 함유되어 있던 무기질 함량에서 NDF에 결합된 무기질의 함량을 감한 후 계산하여 실질적인 해조류의 무기질 추정 이용률을 산정하였다. Ca과 Mg의 경우, NDF에 결합된 무기질의 평균 함량은 각각 77.59, 45.62 ㎎/100 g NDF로 모두 96% 이상의 높은 추정 이용률을 보였고, P의 경우에는 NDF에 결합된 무기질의 함량이 많아 그 추정 이용률은 73.24%로 비교적 낮았다. P의 경우, NDF에 결합된 함량이 비교적 높았지만 70% 이상이 실질적으로 소화되어 이용가능하며, Ca과 Mg은 모두 96%이상의 높은 추정 이용률을 보여 대부분의 무기질이 실질적으로 소화되어 이용되는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 해조 다당류인 수용성 식이섬유와 무기질의 급원으로 알려진 해조류는 인체 내의 소화율을 고려한다고 하더라도 무기질의 높은 이용률을 보일 것으로 판단되어 무기질의 급원으로 그 이용이 기대된다. 더욱이 해조류는 한국인에게 부족한 영양소로 주목 받는 Ca을 가장 많이 함유하고 있으며 동시에 그 추정이용률이 90% 이상으로 높아 Ca의 공급원으로써 해조류의 이용을 기대하며, 추후 추정 이용률을 토대로 소화율을 고려한 무기질의 생체이용률에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되어야 한다고 사료된다. This study was aimed to evaluate the estimated availabilities and contents of major minerals (Ca, P, and Mg) in seven different seaweeds using the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) which could bind minerals. The estimated availability was calculated by subtracting the NDF-bound major mineral contents from the total major mineral contents of seaweeds. Average estimated availability of Ca, P, and Mg contents of seven seaweeds were 96.31, 73.24, and 96.79%, respectively. These results may suggest that seaweeds could be one of the good sources of major minerals for human nutrition because of their high average estimated availabilities of Ca, P, and Mg.