Stack-HHVSCR을 이용한 높은 홀딩 전압을 갖는 Power Clamp용 ESD 보호 소자에 관한 연구

박원석(Won-Suk Park),이현덕(Hyun-Duck Lee),김동수(Dong-Su Kim),이병석(Byung-Seok Lee),구용서(Yong-Seo Koo) 대한전자공학회 2010 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.6

췌장담도내시경 인증의 규정집 초안 소개

박원석 ( Won Suk Park ) 대한췌장담도학회 2021 대한췌담도학회지 Vol.26 No.4

내시경역행담췌관조영술(ERCP)은 내시경 시술 중 가장 높은 난이도를 요구하며, 시술과 관련된 합병증은 상대적으로 높고 치명적이다. ERCP는 일반내시경과 비교하여 훨씬 높은 기술적 난이도의 체득이 요구되며, 이를 위해서는 훨씬 많은 수련 교육 기간 및 집중도가 필요하다. 따라서 환자의 안전과 의료 서비스의 질을 높이기 위해서는 객관적이고 체계적인 교육과 검사를 통해 자격을 인증하는 시스템이 필요하다. 본고는 췌장담도내시경 인증의 제도 시행을 위해 정책질관리위원회-교육위원회 위원들로 구성된 태스크 포스 팀에서 개발한 세부 규정에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure requires the highest level of difficulty among endoscopic procedures and the complications related to the procedure is relatively high, and fatal. Training in ERCP requires the development of technical, cognitive, and integrative skills well beyond those needed for standard endoscopic procedures. Therefore, a system that certifies qualifications through objective and systematic training and examination is needed to improve patient safety and quality of medical services. This manuscript introduces a set of rules that contain all the necessary matters for the certification system of pancreatic and biliary endoscopy. Korean J Pancreas Biliary Tract 2021;26(4):224-232

위기의 노동운동

박원석(Won-Suk Park) 참여연대 참여사회연구소 2007 시민과세계 Vol.- No.10

침생검으로 진단된 후신성 선종 1 예

박원석(Won Seok Park),황성하(Sung Ha Hwang),박용현(Yong Hyun Park),박주현(Joo Hyun Park),진동찬(Dong Chan Jin),김혜수(Hye Soo Kim),이종민(Jong Min Lee),이은희(Eun Hee Lee),김석영(Suk Young Kim),방병기(Byung Kee Bang) 대한신장학회 2001 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.20 No.5

Metanephric adenoma is a very rare benign renal tumor; only 100 well-documented cases have been reported to date. Metanephric adenoma occurs at all ages, most commonly in the fifth and sixth decades. There is a 2 : 1 female preponderance. They appear to be benign tumors with no malignant potential, and their chief importance is related to the fact that they are most often misinterpreted as renal cell carcinoma or Wilms' tumor. Its light microscopic features are very characteristic, and imunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies are not critical to the diagnosis. We have experienced a case of renal tumor in a 44-year-old female patient diagnosed by ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy which showed small, tightly packed acini or tubular and papillary structures. The patient underwent right nephrectomy. We report metanephric adenoma diagnosed by ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy, which is a very rare and unique case.

미국의 규제수용법리에 관한 연구

박원석(Won Suk Park) 중앙법학회 2000 中央法學 Vol.- No.2

확률모델 불확실성을 고려한 구조물의 신뢰도 기반 최적설계 -제1편: 설계 방법

옥승용 ( Seung Yong Ok ),박원석 ( Won Suk Park ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2012 한국안전학회지 Vol.27 No.5

Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) problem is usually formulated as an optimization problem to minimize an objective function subjected to probabilistic constraint functions which may include deterministic design variables as well as random variables. The challenging task is that, because the probability models of the random variables are often assumed based on limited data, there exists a possibility of selecting inappropriate distribution models and/or model parameters for the random variables, which can often lead to disastrous consequences. In order to select the most appropriate distribution model from the limited observation data as well as model parameters, this study takes into account a set of possible candidate models for the random variables. The suitability of each model is then investigated by employing performance and risk functions. In this regard, this study enables structural design optimization and fitness assessment of the distribution models of the random variables at the same time. As the first paper of a two-part series, this paper describes a new design method considering probability model uncertainties. The robust performance of the proposed method is presented in Part 2. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, an example of ten-bar truss structure is considered. The numerical results show that the proposed method can provide the optimal design variables while guaranteeing the most desirable distribution models for the random variables even in case the limited data are only available.

파워 클램프용 높은 홀딩전압을 갖는 사이리스터 기반 새로운 구조의 ESD 보호회로

이병석,김종민,변중혁,박원석,구용서,Lee, Byung-Seok,Kim, Jong-Min,Byeon, Joong-Hyeok,Park, Won-Suk,Koo, Yong-Seo 한국전기전자학회 2013 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.17 No.2

본 논문에서는 파워클램프용 높은 홀딩 전압을 갖는 사이리스터(SCR: Silicon Controlled Rectifier)구조에 기반한 새로운 구조의 ESD 보호회로를 제안하였다. 제안된 보호회로는 기존의 SCR 구조의 p-well과 n-well에 floating p+, n+를 삽입하여 홀딩 전압을 증가 시켰다. 제안된 보호회로는 높은 홀딩전압 특성으로 높은 래치업 면역성을 갖는다. 본 연구에서 제안된 보호회로의 전기적 특성 및 ESD 감내특성을 확인하기 위해 Synopsys사의 TCAD Tool을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안된 보호회로는 기존 SCR 기반 ESD 보호회로보다 약 4.98 V의 높은 홀딩전압과 추가적인 floating 영역의 사이즈 변화로 최대 13.26 V의 홀딩전압을 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 기존 SCR 기반 보호회로와 동일한 수준의 감내특성을 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. In this paper, we proposed the novel SCR-based ESD protection circuit with high holding voltage for power clamp. In order to increase the holding voltage, the floating p+ and n+ to n-well and p-well, respectively, in the conventional SCR. The resulting increase of the holding voltage of the our proposed ESD circuit enables the high latch-up immunity. The electrical characteristics including ESD robustness of the proposed ESD circuit have been simulated using Synopsys TCAD simulator. According to the simulation result, the proposed device has higher holding voltage of 4.98 V than that of the conventional SCR protection circuit. Moreover, it is confirmed that the device could have the holding voltage of maximum 13.26 V with the size variation of floated diffusion area.

ESD 보호 소자를 탑재한 다중 스위치 전류모드 Buck-Boost Converter

김경환,이병석,김동수,박원석,정준모,Kim, Kyung-Hwan,Lee, Byung-Suk,Kim, Dong-Su,Park, Won-Suk,Jung, Jun-Mo 한국전기전자학회 2011 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.15 No.4

In this paper, a current-mode buck-boost converter using Multiple switching devices is presented. The efficiency of the proposed converter is higher than that of conventional buck-boost converter. In order to improve the power efficiency at the high current level, the proposed converter is controlled with PWM(pulse width modulation) method. The converter has maximum output current 300mA, input voltage 3.3V, output voltage from 700mV to 12V, 1.5MHz oscillation frequency, and maximum efficiency 90%. Moreover, this paper proposes watchdog circuits in order to ensure the reliability and to improve the performance of dc-dc converters. An electrostatic discharge(ESD) protection circuit for deep submicron CMOS technology is presented. The proposed circuit has low triggering voltage using gate-substrate biasing techniques. Simulated result shows that the proposed ESD protection circuit has lower triggering voltage(4.1V) than that of conventional ggNMOS(8.2V). 본 논문에서는 다중 스위치를 이용한 전류모드 벅-부스트 컨버터의 벅-부스트 컨버터를 제안하였다. 제안한 컨버터는 넓은 출력 전압 범위와 높은 전류 레벨에서 높은 전력 변환 효율을 갖기 위해 PWM 제어법을 이용하였다. 제안한 컨버터는 최대 출력전류 300mA, 입력 전압 3.3V, 출력 전압 700mV~12V, 1.5MHz의 스위칭 주파수, 최대효율 90% 갖는다. 또한, dc-dc 컨버터의 신뢰성과 성능을 향상시키기 위해 보호회로를 추가하였다. 그리고 Deep-submicron 공정 기술을 이용한 ESD 보호회로를 제안하였다. 제안된 보호회로는 게이트-기판 바이어싱 기술을 이용하여 낮은 트리거 전압을 구현하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 일반적인 ggnmos의 트리거 전압(8.2V) 에 비해 고안된 소자의 트리거 전압은 4.1V 으로 더 낮은 트리거 전압 특성을 나타냈다.

확률모델 불확실성을 고려한 구조물의 신뢰도 기반 최적설계 -제2편: 강인 성능 평가

옥승용 ( Seung Yong Ok ),박원석 ( Won Suk Park ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2012 한국안전학회지 Vol.27 No.6

This paper, being the second in a two-part series, presents the robust performance of the proposed design method which can enhance a reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) under the uncertainties of probabilistic models. The robust performances of the solutions obtained by the proposed method, described in the Part 1, are in-vestigated through the parametric studies. A 10-bar truss example is considered, and the uncertain parameters include the number of data observed, and the variations of applied loadings and allowable stresses. The numerical results show that the proposed method can produce a consistent result despite of the large variations in the parameters. Especially, even with the relatively small data set, the analysis results show that the exact probabilistic model can be success-fully predicted with optimized design sections. This consistency of estimating appropriate probability model is also observed in the case of the variations of other parameters, which verifies the robustness of the proposed method.

지방자치단체의 '재정위기' 에 대한 실증분석

김범식(Bum Sik Kim),박원석(Won Suk Park),송영필(Young Pill Song) 한국지역학회 1999 지역연구 Vol.15 No.1

In this study, the present state of fiscal crisis for local governments after IMF is analyzed, firstly. its implications Characteristics of structural reform of finance after IMF bailout in Korea are examined, secondly. Since Korea was shocked by the currency crisis at the end of 1997, its local governments have also faced fiscal difficulties. The Depression of national and local economies led to decreases in tax revenues of local governments. And these shrunken revenues led to their expenditure cuts. Many investment plans were curtailed, and ordinary expenditures were also reduced sharply. The negative influences of the currency crisis on local government`s finances can be examined in terms of fiscal revenue, fiscal spending, and debt burden. As a result, many local governments are now experiencing fiscal stress, and some of them are even faced with fiscal crisis although the possibility of extreme measures, such as moratoriums or bankruptcies, is very slim. This is due in part to the weight of debt in local governments` budgets having remained small since the debt of local governments has been controlled by the central government. Another reason is that, even if local governments become insolvent, the central government, which functions as a lender of last resort for the local governments, will pay the debt for them. Also, without a legal system which stipulates the adjudication of bankruptcy for municipalities in Korea, local Korean governments have no legal right to declare bankruptcy. Although not a single municipality has fallen into insolvency, yet, this trend will continue to deepen as the recession continues and may lead to a situation where many local governments fall into virtual bankruptcy in the near future, and its effects on society, as a whole, will be serious. Therefore, measures to prevent and overcome such an extreme situation are necessary, but both short - and long-term policies should be to cope with the current fiscal crisis and to prevent the deepening of the current situation.