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한국 체류 조선족 ‘단체’의 변화와 인정투쟁에 관한 연구
박우(Piao You) 비판사회학회 2011 경제와 사회 Vol.- No.91
조선족 ‘단체’의 변화와 인정투쟁은 세 시기로 구분할 수 있다. 첫 번째 시기는 1990년대 초부터 2002년까지이다. 이 시기에 조선족과 교회가 결합하여 조선족 ‘종교단체’를 낳았으며 이때 이 단체는 조선족의 동포성을 이슈화했고 외국인 노동자와 조선족을 분리하기 시작했다. 두 번째 시기는 2003년부터 2007년까지인데 이 시기에 조선족 ‘종교단체’의 영향력은 절정으로부터 약화된다. 조선족이 재외동포법의 틀에 포섭되면서 합법화 과정을 걷기 시작했기 때문이다. 그리고 이 시기에는 합법화된 조선족을 중심으로 조선족 비종교단체가 나오기 시작했다. 재외동포법의 제정과 방문취업제의 실시는 조선족을 제도적으로 한국 국민 - 재외동포(선진국, 개도국) - 외국인 노동자라는 층화된 구조 속에 위치시켰다. 세 번째 단계는 2008년부터 현재까지이다. 이 시기는 이주민담론에서 다문화담론이 재외동포담론을 대체한 시기이다. 이런 상황에서 조선족 ‘단체’들은 자기정화식의 건강하고 건전한 행사를 통해 이미 만들어진 층화된 구조 속에서 외국인 노동자와의 이질성과 차별성을 민족적 동질성을 강조함에 있어 필요한 정당성으로 만들고 있다. The history of Korean-Chinese’s ‘organization’ and the struggle for recognition can be divided into three period. First period is from the early year of 1990s to 2002. In this period some Church unite Korean-Chinese to Korean-Chinese ‘religious organization’ and then separate the Korean-Chinese from foreign workers. Second period is from the year 2003 to 2007. In this period, the power of Korean-Chinese ‘religious organization’ went down from the peak because more and more Korean-Chinese became the legal migrants according to the Law for Overseas Korean and Visit and Employment System. At the same time some Korean-Chinese ‘nonreligious organization’ were appeared. The Law for Overseas Korean and Visit and Employment System made the stratification as Korean people-Overseas Korean(developed country, developing country) - foreign workers and put Korean-Chinese in the part of Overseas Korean who were from developing country. The third period is from the year 2008 to now. In this period Korean-Chinese ‘religious organizations’ emphasize the differences between the foreign workers and want to go into the mainstream society in the Multicultural discourse.
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미래지향지향적 재외동포정책의 방향 ; 한국의 차세대 재외동포 정책
이진영 ( Jean Young Lee ),박우 ( You Piao ) 한국민족연구원 2013 민족연구 Vol.0 No.54
Policy towards the Young Overseas Koreans is a new field of study in South Korea, 7.2 million overseas Korean community is rapidly changing its generation from the first Korea-born immigrated people to foreign-born new generation. The new generation is quite different from their parents in many aspects such as loyalty, economic success, proficiency of mother tongue and even networks with their brethren. Therefore, the policy towards them becomes important in recent years in more globalized South Korea. A semi-government organization such as Overseas Korean Foundation has held annual Young Overseas Koreans Forum, and invited less than 100 young Korean leaders all over the world every year, However, a comprehensive policy by the central government has never tried. This paper is on the policy towards the Young Overseas Koreans. It first analyzes importance of them in them in the Korea`s global agenda, and raises questions on the definition such as scopes of the meaning. Then, several routes for the policy options are discussed based on a new definition matrix. Only under these routes, policies can be easily formulated in the realm of Young Overseas Koreans. Secondly, the paper suggests a new direction of the policy. Because of rests of budget and understanding in administration, focus on the Young Overseas Koreans who are returning to Korea for recruits, job hunting or even further studies are suggested as a policy option. In particular, Korean-Chinese Students Network in Korea (KCN) can be a good example for Korea`s policy towards the Young Overseas Koreans. It is because they are easy to get access, and can be future cores [leaders]in the overseas Korean networks. In conclusion, the paper focuses on the importance of research assistance by the government for better policy options, Also, not only as an effective tool for public diplomacy, but also as high-skilled workforce, Young Overseas Koreans will be more focused in policy as well as academic research.
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