현대사회의 쟁점과 문학교육 : 세대갈등과 문학교육의 전략

박용찬 ( Yong Chan Park ) 한국문학교육학회 2013 문학교육학 Vol.41 No.-

Intergenerational Conflict and Strategies of Literature Education Park, Yong-Chan This article focuses on the role of literature education to resolve the intergenerational conflict. This article deals with literary works in korean language textbooks mainly concerning intergenerational conflict. Intergenerational conflict comes from the difference in recognition of reality and values which each of generations have. The rapid social changes bring about the difference of historical events and cultural experience between each generations. This is a factor accelerating the intergenerational conflict. Since human life contains a conflict itself, the conflict is bound to be a main material in literature works. Intergenerational conflict in literature works is mainly presented as a form of the conflict between parents and child. Since intergenerational conflict takes on the aspects of vertical conflict, it is more serious than horizontal conflict within the same generation. The novels dealing with intergenerational conflict have been positioned as an important canon(正典) in the literary education fields. This article adopted Lee Tae-jun`s ?A Stone Bridge?, Park Wan-seo`s ?A Twilight?, Oh Seung-hee`s ?Meju which followed Grandmother? as main texts in discussion. The main cause of conflicts is mainly derived from the difference of value consciousness looking at the object. These three literary works show the conflict between characters whose values are different. These conflicts can be called a confrontation between characters grew up in a different culture. Intergenerational conflict is derived from an absence of communication between each generations about assessment of value. To resolve the conflict, The width of sympathy and understanding for each other is important. It is more desirable to expose the aspects of conflict rather than hiding it in order to find a solution more seriously. For the first, It is necessary to secure many education canon dealing with intergenerational conflict in the literature education fields. Next, in the process of teaching and learning, activities to understand the other side must be planned as a teaching strategies. Through these process, it makes the learner experience the empathy and communication with each other. At last, while the learner re-contextualize the conflicts on the basis of learned literary abilities, the learner also should develop the problem-solving skills in a new situation.

국내외 전자상거래 동향과 대응방향

박용찬,Park, Yong-Chan 한국항공우주산업진흥협회 2000 航空宇宙 Vol.72 No.-

콘빔형전산화단층장치를 이용한 함치성낭의 방사선학적 연구

박용찬,이완,이병도,Park, Yong-Chan,Lee, Wan,Lee, Byung-Do 대한영상치의학회 2010 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.40 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to accurately analyze the radiographic characteristics of dentigerous cyst (DC) with multiplanar images of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods : Thirty eight radiographically and histopathologically proven cases of DCs were analyzed with panoramic radiograph and CBCT, retrospectively. The radiographic CT pattern, symmetry of radiolucency around the unerupted tooth crown, ratio of long length to short length, degree of cortical bone alternation, effects on adjacent tooth, and cyst size were analyzed. Relative frequencies of these radiographic features were evaluated. In order to compare the CBCT features of DC with those of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), 9 cases of OKCs were analyzed with the same method radiographically. Results : DCs consisted of thirty unilocular cases (79.0%), seven lobulated cases (18.4%) and one multilocular case (2.6%). Eight were asymmetric (21.0%) and thirty were symmetric (79.0%). Maxillary DC showed rounder shape than mandibular DC (L/S ratio; maxilla 1.32, mandible 1.67). Alternations of lingual cortical bone (14 cases, 48.2%) were more frequent than those of buccal side (7 cases, 24.1%). CBCT images of DC showed definite root resorption and bucco-lingual tooth displacement. These findings were hardly observed on panoramic radiographs of DCs. Comparison of CBCT features of DC with those of OKC showed several different features. Conclusions : CBCT images of DC showed various characteristic radiographic features. Therefore, CBCT can be helpful for the diagnosis of DC radiographically.

이상화 가(家)의 서간들과 동경(東京)

박용찬 ( Yong Chan Park ) 한국문학언어학회(구 경북어문학회) 2014 어문론총 Vol.62 No.-

Daegu is the important starting point and main base of ‘Lee, Sang-Hwa’s life. He could acquire the modern knowledge and develop Anti-Japanese national consciousness through ‘Woo-Hyun Seoru(友弦書樓)’ within the family circle. Tokyo has a special meaning of ‘Lee, Sang-Hwa’s life. He experienced the Great Kanto Earthquake which was shocking and founded the direction of his literature. This article attempted to clarify the meaning of Tokyo in his literature based on some of newly discovered letters. The letters which came back and forth between him and his family show his mental landscapes in Tokyo. His poem, 「In Tokyo」, is an important work to clarify the placeness of Lee, Sang-Hwa’s literature. Tokyo is the place which he had not only stayed longest in abroad but also raised his national, literary consciousness. 「In Tokyo」shows the initial development of his literature, but, as previously known, did not start from the sentimental romanticism. The fact that 「In To-kyo」and 「To My Bedroom」were created at the same time in the age of 『Paek-Jo(白潮)』 is noticeable. This made it possible to revaluate the existing evaluation about ‘Lee, Sang-Hwa’s literature that his literature had been shifted from the sentimental romanticism to the proletarian literature. The newly-discovered letters show that he did not start his literature from only tear and sentiment.

학교 문법 용어의 문제점 검토

박용찬(Park, Yong-chan) 우리말글학회 2017 우리말 글 Vol.75 No.-

본고는 『문법』(2002), 『독서와 문법 Ⅰ』(2012) 4종, 『독서와 문법』(2014) 6종을 대상으로 기초 문법 용어를 추출하여 문법 용어의 사용과 관련된 문제점들을 살펴보았다. 문법 교육은 기본적인 문법 개념을 이해하고 그것을 바탕으로 주요 문법 현상을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 기본적인 문법 개념에 대한 이해는 기초 문법 용어를 통해 이루어진다. 그런 점에서 고등학생 대상의 문법 교과서는 기초 문법 용어를 아주 신중하게 선정하여 사용해야 한다. 그러나 기초 문법 용어를 사용하는 데 있어서 『문법』(2002), 『독서와 문법 Ⅰ』(2012) 4종, 『독서와 문법』(2014) 6종은 교과서 간에 적지 않은 차이를 보인다. 교과서별로 서로 다른 기초 문법 용어를 사용하는 것은 문법 학습자에게 커다란 혼란을 야기할 수 있다. 그런 점에 착안하여 본고에서는 용어의 통일, 용어의 합리성․체계성 등의 관점에서 어떤 기초 문법 용어를 선정하여 사용하는 것이 좋을지 자세히 살펴보았다. This paper examines the problems of basic grammar terminology in Grammar (2002), four kinds of Reading and Grammar Ⅰ(2012), and six kinds of Reading and Grammar (2014). Grammar education aims to understand basic grammatical concepts and understand major grammatical phenomena by them. Understanding of basic grammar concepts is done through grammar terminology. In this regard, grammar textbooks should be carefully selected and used in grammar terms. However, in using grammar terms, Grammar (2002), four kinds of Reading and Grammar Ⅰ(2012), and six kinds of Reading and Grammar (2014) are different from one another. This makes the grammar learner feel a lot of confusion. Therefore, this paper has examined in detail which grammar terms should be used in terms of unification of terms, rationality and systematicity of terms.

‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 역사적 변화

박용찬(Park, Yong-chan) 우리말글학회 2018 우리말 글 Vol.78 No.-

현대국어와 달리 중세국어에는 ‘ㅎ’ 말음을 가지는 체언(‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언)들이 아주 많이 나타난다. 그런데 이들 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언들은 근대국어를 거치며 완전히 사라지게 된다. 이에 본고에서는 국어사 자료에 나타나는 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 말음 ‘ㅎ’의 탈락 과정을 자세히 살펴보았다. 먼저 국어사 자료에 나타난 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언을 확인하여 그 목록을 확정하였다. 우선 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 성격을 명확히 하고 그에 따라 명사, 수사 가운데 81개(단일어 기준)의 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 목록을 작성하여 제시하였다. 다음으로 말음 ‘ㅎ’의 탈락이 일어난 시작한 15세기 국어를 대상으로 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 ‘ㅎ’의 탈락 과정을 면밀하게 살펴보았다. 그 결과 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 ‘ㅎ’이 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 종류, 조사의 부류 등에 따라 단계적으로 탈락함으로써 ‘ㅎ’이 탈락한 형태로 재구조화되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 중세국어 ‘ㅎ’ 말음 체언의 대부분은 근대국어를 거치며 ‘ㅎ’ 탈락한 형태(재구조화된 어형)으로 교체되었다. 그러나 ‘□ ’, ‘ 셓’ 등의 일부 체언은 ‘땅’, ‘셋’ 등처럼 아주 특이한 형태로 교체되었다. 이들은 문법적 일탈의 해소, 오분석 등에 의해 ‘□ ’, ‘ 셓’ 등의 체언이 ‘□ ’, ‘ 셋’ 등으로 교체된 것이다. Unlike Contemporary Korean, there were a lot of /h/-final substantives in Middle Korean. They have all disappeared from Contemporary Korean. Final /h/ of substantives in Middle Korean were deleted through the Modern Korean. In this paper, I examined the process of /h/-deletion of these /h/-final substantives in detail. First, I made a list of /h/-final substantives in Middle Korean and the Modern Korean by thoroughly investigating the Korean literature data. It was revealed that final /h/ of substantives were all deleting step by step according to types of substantives and postpositional particle in Middle Korean. As a result, they were restructured into morphs that final /h/ had been deleted. On the other hand, most of /h/-final substantives were replaced with new restructured morphs that final /h/ has been deleted in Modern Korean. However, some of them, such as `□ ` a nd `셓`, were replaced by unusual forms such as `□` and `셋`. They were caused by the elimination of grammatical deviation, incorrect analysis, etc.

이호우 시조의 변모와 매체

박용찬(Park Yong-Chan) 한국시조학회 2010 시조학논총 Vol.32 No.-

본고에서는 이호우 시조의 변모 및 그 특징을 작품이 발표된 매체와의 연관성속에서 살펴보고자 하였다. 발표매체와 작품 간의 상관성을 주목하다 보면 작품에 작동되고 있는 미디어 전략이라든지, 매체에 투고하는 창작자의 심리같은 것을 해명할 수 있게 된다. 이호우는 『문장』지의 시조 추천 책임자였던 이병기의 시조학과 『문장』의 미디어적 속성에 부응하는 ?달밤?을 썼다. ?달밤?은 자아와 세계가 합일된, 원초적 충족성이 가득찬 세계를 그려냄으로써 ‘문장파’의 정신을 구현하였다. 전통적이고 민족적인 것이 소멸되어가는 결핍과 부재의 시기에 이호우는 자아와 세계가 하나된 삶의 원형적 공간을 제시해 보였던 것이다. 이러한 세계는 유가적 가풍 속에 성장한 이호우의 정신세계와 일치되는 것이기도 했다. 해방직후 이호우는 대구에서 발간된 각종 문학 매체에 작품을 발표하면서 본격적인 시조시인으로 성장하였다. 『죽순』, 『새싹』, 『아동』, 『영문(嶺文)』 등의 문학매체는 이호우 시조 창작에 직접적 영향을 미치지는 않았지만, 대체로 발표 매체에 부합하는 성향의 작품을 창작하는 계기는 되었다고 할 수 있다. 해방기 대구지역의 순문예 동인지에 가까운 『죽순』지에 주로 세계에 감응하는 개인의 정감을 읊는 시조를, 『새싹』, 『아동』 등의 어린이 대상 잡지에는 동심이 가득찬 아동의 세계를 그린 시조를 실은 것 등이 그것이라 할 수 있다. 특히 『죽순』지는 이호우가 본격적인 시조시인으로 성장해 갈 수 있는 발표의 장(場)으로 중요한 의의를 지닌다. 해방기 이호우는 그의 시조에 화해와 균열의 공간을 동시에 제시해 보였다. 화해의 공간은 주로 어린이 대상의 시조에 ‘살구꽃’, ‘할머니의 졸음’ 과 같은 객관적 상관물을 통해 드러났으며, 균열의 공간은 주로 세계와 화합하지 못하는 분리된 자로서의 자아의 고독과 울음으로 나타났다. 한편 한국전쟁기에 발간된 『전선시첩』과 『전선문학』은 전시상황 속에서 국가이념의 보급 수단 내지 도구로 기획된 매체였다. 이들 매체 자체가 한국전쟁에서 승리하기 위해 기획된 계몽매체였기에, 여기에 발표된 이호우의 ?지옥도 오히려?나 ?깃발?은 이들 매체의 편집방침이나 전략에 적극 부응한 작품이었다. ?지옥도 오히려?에서는 상대에 대한 적대감을 드러내기도 하였지만, ?깃발?에서는 누구도 범접할 수 없는 영원의 공간에 ‘깃발’을 표상화하는 방식을 택하였다. 이는 전선 매체가 요구하는 반공주의 전략에 부합하면서도 자신의 치열한 정신을 지켜나가는 방법이기도 했다. I took a deeper look into the transfiguration of Lee Ho-woo's Sijo with the correlation with media where the works were released. This way allowed me to explain the media strategies working in his literary works and the psychology behind the author when he submitted it. Lee Ho-woo made his debut as a writer when he published "moonlit night" in "Moonjang" with the recommendation of Lee Byung-ki. This accounts for his Sijo began under the influence of the traits of media, "Moonjang" and also Lee Byung-ki. "Moonlit night" realized the spirit of "Moonjang Party," illustrating a world filled with instinctive fulfillment. In times of lack and absence Lee Ho-woo introduced an archetypal space combining the self and the world. It also corresponded to the spiritual world of Lee Ho-woo who grew up in the Confucian family tradition. During the years of Liberation Period(1945-50) it was in full swing to bring out his works in a various kind of literary media published in Daegu. The literary media such as "Jooksoon," "Saessak," "Adong," "Youngmoon," and so on didn't affect Lee Ho-woo's creating works in a direct way. I suppose that he considered the attributes of the media when he submitted his works, though. He released some Sijos which represented personal emotions reacting to the world in "Jooksoon" and Sijos which pictured the world of kids full of innocence of childhood in children-targeting magazines like "Saessak," "Adong," etc. Lee Ho-woo put forth the place of reconciliation and division at the same time in his Sijos of the Liberation Period. On the other hand, during Korean War times the media where he released his Sijos were "Junsunsichup" and "Junsunmoonhak." They were designed as tools or methods to propagate the national ideology in the war situations. During this era he revealed his anticommunist ideology and intense psychological world by showing enmity toward an object or symbolize it in his writing style.

중세국어 속격조사의 예외적 쓰임

박용찬(Park Yong-chan) 한국어문학회 2010 語文學 Vol.0 No.110

This paper aims to observe closely how genitive case-markers were used in the later middle Korean. The genitive case has the function that forms noun phrase combining a preceding noun and a following noun in the Korean. This is almost same in the later middle Korean. The genitive case-marker ‘애/의’ and ‘ㅅ’ which used being quite distinct from each other appeared in the later middle Korean. While ‘애/의’ was used going after a preceding noun which was an inhonorific human noun, ‘ㅅ’ was used going after a preceding noun which was an honorific human noun or inhuman noun. On this account, the most Korean lingusists have concluded that the genitive case-marker ‘애/의’ and ‘ㅅ’ in the later middle Korean were choiced and used according to the kind of a preceding noun. Nevertheless, an exceptional examples of the genitive case-markers had appeared already in the later middle Korean. They shows clearly that the function of the genitive case-marker can’t be explained only according to the kind of a preceding noun. Therefore, I examined not only the kind of a preceding noun but also that of a following noun on an exceptional examples of the genitive case-marker in the later middle Korean. Plus, I looked into relation between a preceding noun and a following noun in meaning. As a result, I could confirm that the examples of ‘ㅅ’ used going after a preceding noun which was an inhonorific human noun were fossilized forms, that those of ‘?/의’ used going after a preceding noun which was an honorific human noun or inhuman noun were reformation forms.

‘한글 맞춤법’의 원칙 및 원리에 대한 재고찰

박용찬(Park, Yong-Chan) 한국어문학회 2020 語文學 Vol.0 No.147

The morphophonological principle in Hangeul orthography is clearly revealed in notations of words formulated by morphological processes such as declension, conjugation, and word-formation. This study therefore examines the main content of the morphophonological principle in Hangeul Orthography in detail, with a research focus on declensional forms, conjugation forms, and complex words. The main content of the morphophonological principle in Hangeul orthography is to identify the underlying form of the morpheme and to distinguish the boundary of the morphemes by syllable. However, this includes many exceptions. This follows from the failure to accurately analyze the underlying form of the morpheme and the boundary of the morphemes. It also follows from the nature of Hangeul orthography, which combines letters in syllable units and naturally draws out Hangeul notation close to actual pronunciation. Analyzing the underlying form of the morpheme and the boundary of the morphemes can vary considerably depending on the criteria and methods of morphological analysis. It is therefore necessary to understand the principles and details in Hangeul orthography properly, evaluate it objectively, and based on this point, it is necessary to revise the detailed rules of Hangeul orthography in a desirable direction in the future. For this, there should be sufficient discussion and agreement on the objective criteria and methods of morph analysis.

새로운 방식의 외래어(外來語) 순화(醇化)

박용찬 ( Park Yong-chan ) 한국어문교육연구회 2007 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.35 No.2

최근 外來語 남용으로 新舊 세대 간, 일반인과 전문가 간에 원활한 意思疏通이 점점 어려워지고 있다. 言語의 公共性을 위해서라도 外來語의 醇化가 아주 절실하다. 우리나라는 광복 이후 꾸준하게 濫用 外來語를 醇化하기 위하여 努力해 왔다. 그러나 學界 및 一般 國民의 무관심으로 뚜렷한 成果를 얻지 못하고 있다. 醇化는 학계, 정부, 일반 국민의 유기적인 協力 體制에서만 가시적인 成功를 얻을 수 있다. 본고에서는 외래어 순화의 方向이 ‘쉬운 우리말 쓰기’로 再定立되어야 함을 제안하고 일반 국민 및 학계가 외래어 순화에 대하여 더 큰 관심을 가져줄 것을 요청하였다. 그리고 國立國語院의 ‘모두가 함께하는 우리말 다듬기’의 성과와 관련지어 醇化의 諸段階에서 각각 어떠한 점을 고려해야 하는지 살펴보았다. 즉, 醇化 對象語와 醇化語를 ‘쉬운 우리말 쓰기’ 차원에서 어떻게 선정하고 결정해야 하는지 살펴보았다. A excessive use of loanwords that is borrowed from English became an object of public concern in Korea Nowadays. On this account, Korean people is suffered pain in verbal communication each other. Accordingly, it is urgently necessary to refine loanwords for the public good by means of language. Koreans have made efforts to refine loanwords constantly since independence of Korea from Japan. Nevertheless, it turned out a mere waste of labor owing to unconcern from learned circles of Korean language and the general public. To refine loanwords successfully, it is necessary that the government, learned circles of Korean language, and the general public make efforts together systematically. This study is on the suggestion for the new method to refine loanwords effectively along with the general public. In course of discussion, I make a request earned circles of Korean language to show interest in the refinement of loanwords. And then I investigated the new method to refine loanwords effectively. I also seek to find how to reflect this in process selecting loanwords that have to be refined and deciding refined words.