시스템생물학의 한의학적 응용

박영철,이선동,Park, Yeongchul,Lee, Sundong 대한예방한의학회 2016 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

In Korea and China, traditional medicine's holistic approaches, based on the views of whole-body and whole-person, have been applied to make the solution of health problem. However, these holistic approaches of traditional korea or chinese medicine have been limited in interpreting their theories in a view of modern scientific aspects of medicine. This limitation seems to be mainly due to the reductionism approaches of modern scientific medicine. Traditionally, science has taken a reductionism approach; dissecting biological systems into their constituent parts and studying them in isolation. However, systems biology based on omics technologies is providing a new thought and method for traditional medicine's research and interpretation. Systems biology uses integrity study as the characteristic and bioinformatic technology as the key method for connecting reductionism and holism. Therefore, it has much in common with the theory of traditional medicine. It was reviewed that how systems biology is applied to traditional medicine in Korea and China. Also it was suggested that more future researches on interpretation between traditional medicine and systems biology must be focused on personalized medicine since systems biology will have a major impact on future personalized therapeutic approaches.

일부 동물성 한약재의 독성과 안전성등급화 - 봉독, 사독, 반묘와 오공을 중심으로 -

박영철,이선동,Park, Yeongchul,Lee, Sundong 대한예방한의학회 2016 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives : About 13% of the medicines used by traditional korean medicines(TKM), are called animal medicines and are derived from non-herbal sources such as animals and insects. However, the clinical use of these preparations from animal medicines is often based on tradition and belief, rather than on evidence of toxicity and efficacy. As a result, animal medicines containing toxin have caused serious problems from injecting patients with venom. Here, various venoms frequently used as TKM were reviewed in terms of their instinct toxity and tried to estimate their safety classification. Methods : The estimation of safety classification was based on human equivalent dose(HED)-based MOS (margin of safety) and clinical dose applied for patients. Results and Conclusions : Except that of snake venom due to no clinical dose, they were evaluated as class 3 for bee venom, class 4 for cantharidin, toxin from blister beetle, and class 1 for venom from scolopendrid. In conclusion, animal medicines showed a wide range of safety classification from class 1 to class 4. This wide range is estimated to result from extremely limited applications of each venom for patients because of their strong toxicity. However, it should be cautious for application in clinics since animal medicines can produce anaphylactic reactions particularly after veinous administration even with a tiny amount of venom.

백부자-대체 가능 한약재의 계종버섯에 대한 급성독성시험과 안전성등급화

안민지 ( Minji An ),박영철 ( Yeongchul Park ) 대한본초학회 2017 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

Objectives : Termitomyces albuminosus (Berk.) Heim is one of the famous wild edible mushrooms in the southern part of China. It is known that Termitomyces albuminosus, like Aconitum koreanum used in Korean traditional medicine, contains a kind of cerebroside, termitomycesphin, causing a pharmacologic effect on the neuron system. The pharmacologic effect of Termitomyces albuminosus can be used to possibly replace Aconitum koreanum. However, It needs to be certified as safe before it can be used. Here, a single-oral toxicity test and safety classification was conducted to obtain acute information of the toxicity of dried-Termitomyces albuminosus powder and to secure its safety in clinical applications. Methods : In order to calculate approximate lethal dose(ALD), test substance was orally administered to male and female SD-rat at dose levels of 5,000 and 0 (vehicle control) ㎎/㎏ (body weight). Based on the result of this toxicity, also the estimation of safety classification was calculated using the HED-based (human equivalent dose) MOS (margin of safety). Results : There were no mortalities, test substances treatment-related clinical signs, no changes in the body or organ weights, and no gross or histopathological findings at 14 days after treatment with test substance. Thus, the approximate lethal dose of dried-Termitomyces albuminosus powder was considered over 5,000 ㎎/㎏ in both female and male mice. Conclusions : Based on the limit dose, 5000 ㎎/㎏, it was estimated that dried-Termitomyces albuminosus powder is classified as “Specified class B” indicating that clinical dose is not limited to patients as safe as food.

한방의료기관이용환자의 부작용 및 독성발생의 특성

이기범(Ki-Bum Lee),박영철(Yeongchul Park),이선동(Sundong Lee) 대한한의학회 2016 대한한의학회지 Vol.37 No.1

마우스의 기도 내 점적을 통한 가습기살균제 CMIT/MIT와 사망 간의 원인적 연관성에 관한 연구

김하영(Hayoung Kim),정용현(Yonghyun Chung),박영철(Yeongchul Park) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: The deaths of Korean victims exposed to the disinfectant CMIT/MIT have remained unresolved. This is mainly due to a lack of concordance between the few available toxicity tests and the abundant epidemiological data, making it difficult to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate any potential associations between CMIT/MIT exposure and death. Methods: Groups of experimental and control C57BL/6 mice were instilled (in the trachea) with chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) using a visual instillobot. CMIT/MIT was instilled over a period of three days and eight weeks, respectively, to achieve acute and chronic exposures. A threshold dose-response model was applied for estimating the threshold level as one line of evidence for a causal association between CMIT/MIT and death. Results: An acute exposure of 1.2 mg ai/kg/day of CMIT/MIT was estimated to reflect the threshold for death. The dose-response curve with this threshold showed a very steep slope and a narrow range of CMIT/MIT exposures. The narrow range of CMIT/MIT exposures, in particular, indicated an evident boundary between survival and death, thus implicating a strong causal association. A similar threshold dose-response relationship observed following acute exposure was also seen following chronic exposure to CMIT/MIT. Airborne disinfectant exposure was visible as minimal or mild lung damage with no fibrosis, as shown by histopathological tests. However, many observations are considered to be functional respiratory tract or lung failure due to death, as observed in necropsies of the mice that died due to CMIT/MIT exposures. Conclusions: There are two strong lines of evidence for a causal association between death and CMIT/MIT exposure: 1) The threshold dose-response curve, with a very steep slope and a narrow range of CMIT/MIT exposures showing a visible boundary between survival and death; and 2) many cases of functional respiratory or lung failure.

가습기살균제 피해자의 아픔을 줄일 수 있었다

김판기(Pangyi Kim),최윤형(Yoon-Hyeong Choi),박영철(YeongChul Park),박태현(Tae-Hyun Park),임종한(JongHan Leem) 한국환경보건학회 2022 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.48 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reveal the circumstances under which the cases of harm to health caused by humidifier disinfectant were neglected and show the points where the number of victims and the degree of damage could have been reduced. In addition, it attempts to describe how damage management proceeded immediately after the incident and actually exacerbated the damage. Finally, it explores the unfortunate aspects of the recent trial. By doing so, it attempts to take this as an opportunity to consider whether a tragic event such as the humidifier disinfectant incident could occur in the future. Methods: This study collected and analyzed data on chemical material characteristics related to humidifier disinfectants, data on health effect characteristics, data on related laws and regulations from the Ministry of Environment, data related to the damage investigation by the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute, and current contents. Results: The lack of related systems and laws is the area where the greatest responsibility for the cause of the humidifier disinfectant disaster falls, so it is difficult for the government to escape this responsibility. Establishing a dedicated department to identify the prevalence of certain diseases within the functions of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to monitor health can greatly contribute to the prevention and management of diseases through early detection and management of group outbreaks caused by harmful factors. Humidifier disinfectant damage relief should have been expanded earlier beyond HDLI (humidifier disinfectant lung injury) to include non-specific diseases such as asthma, pneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. The scope of relief benefits should have also been expanded earlier to include the payment of disability benefits. Fortunately, with the 2020 revision of the Special Act, the conditions for estimating causal relations were eased and individual screening systems such as health impact assessment were reorganized along with the introduction of a rapid screening system. Conclusions: The management system for chemical substances in a country is clearly of paramount importance, and the ministry in charge must have a response system in case of damage to health effects. Administration that looks at the victims situation from their point of view is needed, and technical countermeasures are required to quickly recognize the prevalence of certain diseases.

Thermitomyces albuminosus powder의 랫드를 이용한 90일 경구투여독성시험

안민지(Min Ji An),허혜선(Hye Seon Heo),이지선(Ji Sun Lee),손혜영(Hye Young Son),임해옥(Hae Ok Lim),박강백(Gang Baek Park),이준헌(Joon Heun Lee),지재규(Jae Gyu Jee),박영철(Yeongchul Park) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.10

계종버섯(Thermitomyces albuminosus)의 안정성을 입증하기 위하여 사료에 계종버섯의 분말을 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0%를 혼합하여 90일 동안 랫드에 자유 급이 시켜 실험동물의 일반증상, 체중변화, 혈액학적 검사, 부검소견, 임상병리, 조직병리학적 검사의 결과를 토대로 독성을 평가하였다. 독성판정기준은 독성의 정도와 양상에 따라 weight-based classification (독성 강도에 따른 분류)로 분류 하였는데 비시험물질-유래 변화인 NOEL, 시험물질-유래 경미한 변화는 NOAEL, 시험물질-유래 중요한 변화는 LOAEL을 기준으로 나누었다. 시험결과, 수컷 좌, 우측 신장 중량이 용량의존적으로 증가하여 고용량군에서는 12%, 8% 증가 하였다. 하지만 임상, 조직병리학적 결과 독성으로 판단되는 소견이 관찰되지 않아 시험물질-유래 경미한 변화로 판단으로 분류하였다. 따라서 판정기준에 따라 수컷은 NOAEL 암컷은 NOEL이 식이함량 5%로 추정되지만 식약처고시에 따라 암수 모두 NOAEL이 식이함량의 5%로 추정할 수 있다. 따라서 계종버섯은 식품 또는 기능성식품으로의 개발에 문제가 없을 것으로 사료된다. Termitomyces albuminosus (Berk.) Heim is a well-known wild edible mushroom in the southern region of China. Novel cerebrosides, termed termitomycesphins, isolated from EtOH extract of T. albuminosus have shown significant neuritogenic activity. Neurotrophic factors have been targeted as potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, before expanding their applications to include food or therapeutic agents in Korea, a safety evaluation of T. albuminosus is needed. Herein, in a repeated-dose 90-day oral toxicity study, rats were exposed to a basal diet of powder ground from dried T. albuminosus at dose levels of 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, and 0%. The following endpoints were evaluated: clinical observation, body weight, gross and microscopic pathology, clinical chemistry, and hematology. Significant dose-dependent increases in the weight of the left kidney were observed, possibly due to the test substance. Based on toxicity-decision criteria for minor compound-related changes (no observed adverse effect level [NOAEL] and no observed effect level [NOEL]), NOAEL was observed in male rats at a dose of 5% of dried T. albuminosus powder, and NOEl was observed in female rats at the same dose. The results point to the safety and potential use of T. albuminosus as a nontoxic neurotrophic factor.