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백은(Eun Baik),박민찬(Minchan Park) 한국가구학회 2014 한국가구학회지 Vol.25 No.3
Since the onset of the 21st century, digital technology has been widely adopted in various fields of art; it has enabled artists or designers to try diverse and brand-new ways of expression in literally every possible field of art, including painting, sculpture, and other design work. Furniture design is no exception. From the initial design step to the final production of furniture, modern digital skills are broadly utilized, creating a whole new set of designs that would otherwise be hardly conceivable and realizing a highly efficient furniture-making mechanism. More recently, the 3D printing technique, which is called a 21st century alchemy, has been successfully commercialized and is getting more popular, heralding yet another innovative shift in the area of furniture design and production. In this context, this study discusses the background of the furniture design using digital technology, and identifies the correlations between the modern digital technology and furniture design by redefining the concept of such digital technology. By reviewing multiple real-life cases, some of the key digital expressions found in modern furniture design are also analyzed. This study aims at suggesting the reason why digital technology is significant and promising in diverse ways for the development of modern furniture design.
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첨가 나노 입자의 크기와 형상에 따른 나노윤활유의 윤활 특성 비교
이창건(Changgun Lee),황유진(Yujin Hwang),최영민(Youngmin Choi),박민찬(Minchan Park),김경민(Kyoungmin Kim),이재근(Jaekeun Lee),최철(Cheol Choi),오제명(Jemyung Oh) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2008 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.6
본 연구에서는 산업용 기어유를 이용하여 나노 윤활유를 제작하고 첨가 입자의 형상과 크기에 따른 윤활 특성을 비교 평가하였다. 각 윤활유에 대한 윤활 특성을 파악하기 위하여 Disk-on-disk Tribotester를 이용하여 다양한 하중 조건에서의 마찰계수 및 마찰표면의 온도를 측정하였으며, SEM 분석을 통하여 그 마찰면의 마멸 특성을 파악하였다. 윤활유에 나노 입자를 첨가할 경우, 윤활 특성이 향상된다. 마찰면 사이에 나노 입자가 존재할 경우, Ball Bearing과 같은 역할을 수행하여 두 면의 접촉을 감소시킨다. 입자 형상과 관련하여 섬유상의 입자를 첨가한 나노 윤활유는 구형 입자를 첨가한 나노 윤활유에 비하여 더 높은 마찰계수 값을 가지고 윤활 특성이 나쁘며 마찰면의 마멸이 많이 발생한다. 이는 섬유상의 입자를 윤활유에 분산시킬 경우, 그 분산이 불안정하며 응집 등이 발생하여 마찰을 증가시키기 때문이다. 나노 입자의 크기도 접촉면의 마찰과 마멸을 감소시키는데 주요한 요소로 입자의 크기가 작을수록 윤활 특성이 우수하며, 입자 크기가 마이크로 크기가 되면 입자 침전으로 인해 나노 윤활유의 기능을 상실하며 마이크로 입자가 유막 형성을 방해하여 그 윤활 특성이 나빠지게 된다. Many researchers have tried to improve the tribological characteristics of the lubricants to decrease the friction coefficient and wear rate. One of the trials is simply adding additives into the base lubricant. This method has been widely applied in lubrication engineering and contributed to the increase of the ability of lubricants. Recently nanoparticles are suggested as a new kind of additives because of their size, shape and other properties. Nano lubricant is a new kind of engineering lubricant made of nano particles, dispersants and base oil. In this study, carbon-based nano particles and nano fibers such as graphite, carbon black, GNF(Graphite nanofiber) and MWCNT(Multi-walled carbon nano tube) are used to fabricate nano lubricants for enhancing the tribological properties and lubrication characteristics. The base lubricant used in this research is an industrial gear oil which has 220 cSt of kinematic viscosity at 40℃. To investigate the physical and tribological properties of nano lubricants, the friction coefficients and the temperatures were measured with disk-on-disk tribotester in the range up to 3,000 N. The friction surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results were compared on the views of the effects of the particle shape and size. The results of friction coefficient test show that the spherical particles have better lubrication characteristics than the fibrous particles. Also from the results of SEM, the tendency of wear in the case of spherical particles additives is better than of fibrous particles. To observe the size effect of nano particle additives, graphite paticles having different particles size (i.e. 55㎚, 450㎚, 5㎛) are adopted. The smaller particle additives decrease the friction coefficient and wear of the friction surfaces. But the micro scale particle additives show worse lubrication characteristics than nano scale particle additives because of the unstable dispersion and the sedimentation of particles.
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이창건(Changgun Lee),황유진(Yujin Hwang),최영민(Youngmin Choi),박민찬(Minchan Park),이재근(Jaekeun Lee),최철(Cheol Choi),오제명(Jemyung Oh) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2008 한국윤활학회지(윤활학회지) Vol.24 No.4
Many researchers have tried to improve the tribological characteristics of lubricant by adding various nano particles in the base lubricant. But the reliability evaluation of the lubricants are rarely performed in its real operation condition. In this study, the physical property and the tribological characteristics of the graphite nano lubricant were evaluated and compared with raw lubricant after thermal degrading. In order to evaluate the tirbological characteristics, the disk-on-disk tribotester was adopted to measure the friction coefficient of the graphite nano lubricants. Also the temperature variations of friction surfaces were measured by the thermocouple installed on the fixed plate in the test chamber of the tribotester. The kinematic viscosity was measured using a capillary viscometer on the temperatures of 40, 60 and 80℃. The results showed that the graphite nano lubricant had lower friction coefficient and less wear on the friction surfaces than raw lubricant. After thermally degrading, the friction coefficients of graphite nano lubricant increased, but the friction coefficients after thermal degradation were still maintained lower than those of raw lubricant.
ScienceON
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