현대중국어 주제절의 화용적 특징 고찰

文有美(Moon, You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2014 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.87

Features of topic clauses, type of the topic clauses, the relation between the topic clauses- comments were reviewed in this study in pragmatic angle, using the topic clauses which not only appear in the places of subjects but become themes at the same time, as objects of the study. The result of the study for this can be outlined as follows. First, features of topic clauses were prominently reviewed in three aspects. (1) In the aspect of Topicalization, topic clauses mainly have a feature of ‘base generated topic’. (2) In the aspect of Topic chain, topic clauses can expand the ranges which NP as well as topics can control as topic clauses to a lot of clauses. (3) In the aspect of Aboutness, topic clauses semantically have a feature of ‘aboutness’ on terms with comments. (4) In the aspect of Information, topic clauses either contain old information, or the case can be found as well that they contain new one. Second, types of topic clauses were roughly classified into 3 types in this study. Direct topic clauses(immediacy), moving topic clauses (movement), generated topic clauses (generative attribute) are those. Third, specific analysis was tried through each corresponding illustrative sentence with classifying topic clauses-comments relation into determinative relation, remarking relation, explanatory relation, interpretative relation. Finally in case Chinese topic clauses are translated into Korean, the phenomenon where some can be translated into ‘eun/neun (은/는)’ and some into ‘i/ga(이/가)’ can be inferred from the reason why both of Chinese, Korean have a typical feature of ‘topic-highlighting language’.

소피스트의 인식론 - 프로타고라스와 고르기아스를 중심으로 -

문유미 ( Moon Yoo Mi ) 한국기독교철학회 2017 기독교철학 Vol.23 No.-

본 논문의 목적은 소피스트라는 하나의 이름으로 묶여 평가되고 있는 두 철학자 프로타고라스와 고르기아스의 차이를 밝혀내는 것이다. 소피스트에 대한 플라톤의 평가는 그들을 학자가 아닌 장사꾼으로 보는 것이었고, 이러한 평가는 역사적으로 계속 되었다. 그들이 비슷한 사상을 지닌 하나의 운동으로 평가되기 시작한 이후에도 그들의 사상은 이미 공통된 것처럼 보였기 때문에 개별 소피스트가 지닌 고유한 사상적 특성과 그들의 엄밀한 차이에 대한 연구는 크게 부각되지 않았다. 그들은 공통적으로 이전의 지적 전통에 대한 비판적 태도에서 자신의 철학을 시작하고 있으며, 또한 수사학을 중요시한다. 그러나 공통적 특성에도 불구하고 이들의 철학은 그 자신의 고유한 특성을 지니고 있다. 절대적 앎을 추구하는 사변적 철학에 대한 그들의 답은 하나같이 회의적이다. 그러나 프로타고라스와 고르기아스에게는 중대한 차이가 있는데, 프로타고라스는 우리의 감각지각을 통한 경험의 기준은 인간이기 때문에 모든 의견이 참이라는 상대주의를 주장하는 반면, 고르기아스는 우리가 실재를 알 수 없다는 불가지론적 회의주의를 주장한다. 따라서 프로타고라스에게는 상대적으로나마 참된 의견이 가능할 수 있지만, 고르기아스에게는 의견의 참과 거짓이 중요하지 않으며 청중을 기만하여 그들을 설득하면 될 뿐인 것이다. 다음으로 두 철학자 모두 말을 가르치는 소피스트였고, 수사적 기술의 중요성에 대해 알고 있던 사람들이었다. 그러나 그러한 공통적 기반을 가지고 있었음에도, 말에 대한 태도에서 그들은 차이를 보인다. 프로타고라스는 말의 `교육적`인 기능에 주목하여 교육을 통해 수사적 기술을 향상시키려했다. 한편 고르기아스는 인간의 감정을 움직여 청중을 설득하는 것을 수사학의 목표로 삼았다. 두 철학자의 실천적 수사학은 그들의 진지한 인식론을 바탕으로 하고 있으며, 따라서 그들은 동일한 철학적 맥락을 공유하고 있으면서도 각자의 고유한 개별적 특성을 지니고 있다. The purpose of this thesis is to find the difference between two philosophers: Protagoras and Gorgias who are evaluated as a common name of sophist. Plato evaluated sophists as businessmen not scholars and this evaluation has historically continued. Even after they were evaluated as a movement having similar ideologies, the study on the inherent ideological characteristics individual sophists had and on their strict difference were not magnified, for their ideology regarded as a name of sophist seemed to be common. They commonly start their philosophy from the skeptical attitude on the former traditional speculative philosophy and highly regard rhetoric. However, their philosophy has commonly its inherent characteristic. To speculative philosophers who pursue the absolute truth, Protagoras is distinguished from Gorgias. Protagoras claims the relativism that every opinion is true because the standard of experience through our sense perception is human being. On the other hand, Gorgias claims the agnostic skepticism saying we cannot know the substance. Therefore, for Protagoras, the truth of the opinion is possible though it is relative truth, but for Gorgias, the truth and falsity of the opinion are not important and he only has to deceive the audience to persuade them. Both philosophers were sophists who taught how to speak to persons who knew about the importance of the rhetorical skill. However, although having such common base, they are different in their attitude toward the words. Protagoras focused on the educational function of words. He intended to educate human being to improve the rhetorical skill. On the other hand, Gorgias made it a goal of rhetoric to persuade human beings by moving their emotion. Both philosophers base their practical rhetoric on the serious epistemology. Therefore they hold their inherent individual nature while sharing the same philosophical context.

현대중국어 어법단위에 대한 小考

文有美(Moon, You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2015 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.95

This paper studies the grammar unit, which is a basic unit used to analyze the grammar study of the modern Chinese. The grammar unit of Chinese has continually been a controversial object in the academic world because of the boundary ambiguity and the system discordance. In advance, the preceding research for the grammar unit has been analyzed after being divided with the angles of class and word order from 1898 to now. And then, when it comes to ‘the problem of the grammar unit classification’ and ‘the problem of the boundary confirmation’, this study looks into the problems of ‘Clauses’ and ‘Separable words (the words possible to combine or to separate)’. First, the class of the grammar unit should be divided into 5 classes adding ‘clauses’ to ‘morphemes/ words/ phrases/ sentences’. The reason to add ‘clauses’ to the grammar unit is considered by comparing a phrase and a sentence based on the definition of the clauses. Second, in regard to the boundary confirmation problem of the grammar unit, it is analyzed focusing on the Separable words. In order to confirm whether the combined word is a word or a phrase, it is checked where it takes a position in the grammar unit on the basis of the relationships of ‘the Grammar’, ‘the Morphology’ and ‘the Syntax’. In conclusion, ‘a clauses’ has different features and functions with a phrase and a sentence as a unit of the grammar unit ‘class’. However, in terms of ‘word order’, it has functions for ‘the static unit’ of a phrase and ‘the dynamic unit’ of a sentence at the same time, which aroused controversy. In addition, it found out that the Separable words have caused a dispute because it caused confusion at the boundary between the Morphology and the Syntax in the grammar analysis.

현대중국어 주어절의 한국어 대응 양상 고찰

文有美(Moon, You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2016 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.101

This thesis considered aspects of correspondence in Chinese subject clauses and the Korean language. The details are as follows: First, relevant solutions were presented, with a focus on the definitions, characteristics, scope of Chinese and Korean subject clauses, the position of the clauses in grammatical units, and others. Second, it looked at characteristics of the nominalizing endings of Korean subject clauses ‘-(eu)m’ and ‘-gi’ or their dependent noun ‘geot’ as well as predication types of matrix sentences including Korean subject clauses. Third, by choosing example sentences according to classification of types of predicates of matrix sentences including Chinese subject clauses, it selected a sample of Korean and Chinese people and examined aspects of correspondence in the Korean language. As a result, it could be seen that various correspondence forms exist when Chinese subject clauses are translated into the Korean language. There were cases where forms of Chinese subject clauses were completely consistent with those of Korean ones; when predicates of Chinese matrix sentences realize modals (e.g. auxiliary verbs, requesting and imperative verbs, relative verbs, influential verbs), forms of correspondence in the Korean language were forms of clauses indicating condition, purpose, reason, etc. Finally, it makes suggests as follow-up studies on Chinese and Korean subject clauses as follows: 1. Consideration of aspects of correspondence in Korean subject clauses against the Chinese language 2. A syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic contrastive analysis of predicates of matrix sentences including Chinese and Korean subject clauses 3. A contrastive analysis of main predicates constituents of Chinese and Korean subject clauses 4. Consideration of selection of the case markers ‘-eun/-neun/-i/-ga’ in terms of forms of translating Chinese subject clauses into the Korean language 5. An analysis of the characteristics of an Chinese and Korean according to the target language level in terms of forms of translating Chinese subject clauses into the Korean language

아우구스티누스의 결여 개념 이해

문유미 ( Moon Yoo Mi ) 한국기독교철학회 2019 기독교철학 Vol.28 No.-

기독교가 하나님의 선하심과 전능하심이라는 진리를 포기할 수 없는 한, 악의 문제는 이러한 기독교의 진리주장에 커다란 도전일 수밖에 없다. 하나님이 모든 것을 창조하셨기에, 악의 존재 역시 모든 것의 원인인 하나님께로부터 온 것이라고 설명할 수밖에 없기 때문이다. 아우구스티누스의 “악은 선의 결여”라는 주장은 이러한 난관에 대한 해결책으로 제시된다. 이때, 아우구스티누스에게 있어 악의 문제는 인간이 짓는 죄의 문제라 할 수 있다. 악의 실재성을 부인하게 된다는 이유에서 결여개념은 많은 비판을 받기도 했다. 이 논문은 결여 개념을 명확하게 파악하고, 이를 바탕으로 악의 문제를 해결하는 아우구스티누스의 접근을 올바로 이해하고자 한다. 아우구스티누스에 따르면, 하나님이 창조하신 모든 것은 선하기에 악은 선한 사물이 부패한 것이며, 악은 선의 결여에 다름 아니다. 하나님이 인간에게 주신 본성은 마땅히 선을 추구하는 것이다. 그러나 인간의 의지가 자연본성이 요구하는 바와 상반되게 행함으로 자발적으로 선을 결여한다. 이것이 인간이 저지르는 죄악이라고 할 수 있다. 이것은 최고선인 하나님을 고려하지 않고 선을 추구하는 의지의 모든 선택을 의미한다. The Problem of evil seems to be incompatible with the Christian God. Because God is considered all-mighty and perfectly good. The evil that exists in this world reduced ultimately to God. In that case, God is no longer wholly and perfectly good. This is a great challenge to the traditional Christian article of faith. The Augustine`s concept of evil as a privation of good could be presented as a solution to this difficulty. St. Augustine has argued that there is no cause of evil and evil is a privation. The privation theory has been criticized for denying the substantiality of evil as a result. This article aims to clarify the meaning of the concept ‘privation,’ and then to understand how Augustine solves the problem of evil. According to Augustine, all God created is good, and evil is corrupted from good things, and evil is a privation of good. The nature God gave to man is to pursue good. However, human will voluntarily lacks good by doing contrary to what their nature requires. This is the sin of man. Without the love of God, for St. Augustine, any choice of the will, no manner how good it may seems to be in itself, would be defective, and it causes sin. In fine, the privation seems to be nothing but any and every free will willing under not considering God as its Supreme Good.

초급중국어 학습자를 위한 앱(App) 기반 스마트 러닝 활용방안 연구

文有美(Moon, You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2015 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.94

This paper presented methods of using smartphone-App-based Smart Learning for beginning Chinese learners. Specifically, it presented a specific education goal for each of the 4 language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing) and presented teaching learning methods for realizing the aims. First, it classified apps into iOS and Android Apps, searched the two types of Apps by the keyword ‘Chinese’, classified the searched Apps by type, and analyzed the characteristics of the Apps classified into types. The ‘Speaking’ Apps and ‘Dictionary’ Apps had the highest percentage and the Apps for basic Chinese learners had the second highest percentage. Second, it requested basic Chinese learners to select an appropriate App for each language skill (listening, speaking, reading, writing) and presented models for using Smart Leaning. In summary, this paper thinks that using smartphone Apps to help the beginning Chinese learners is an effective method of attracting their interest and attention.

코퍼스 기반 현대중국어 유의어 대상(對象)류 개사 ‘對’, ‘給’, ‘跟’, ‘嚮’ 비교 분석 연구

文有美(Moon. You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2018 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.110

Based on a corpus, this paper looked at ‘对’, ‘给’, ‘跟’, ‘嚮,’ object prepositions of modern Chinese synonyms. The specific research findings are as follows: Firstly, based on previous studies the scope of object prepositions was set, and grammatical meanings of ‘对’, ‘给’, ‘跟’, ‘嚮’ (the prepositions dealt with in the paper) were determined as follows: Next, the BCC Corpus (HSK动态作文语料库) analyzed errors Korean Chinese learners make in the object prepositions ‘对’, ‘给’, ‘跟’, ‘嚮’. And the findings are as follows: Firstly, here are the prepositions ‘对’, ‘给’, ‘跟’, ‘嚮’ listed in order of frequency of errors made when they use them: ‘对’ > ‘给’ > ‘嚮‘ > ‘跟’. Secondly, as for their errors in the prepositions ‘给’ and ‘嚮,’ mixed use much more frequently occurred than omission and addition. Thirdly, as for their errors in the other ones ‘对’, ‘给’, ‘嚮’ except the preposition ‘跟,’ mixed use most frequently occurred. Lastly, verbs from examples of mixed use between object prepositions were used as a sample for a quantitative analysis of collocations between verbs and object prepositions with the use of the BCC Corpus. The result of the analysis showed grammatical meanings and a combinational relationship where object prepositions can be used mixed with each other, according to verb.

인지언어학 기반 중국어 ‘走’ ‘去’와 한국어 ‘가다’의 대조분석 및 교수 · 학습 방안 연구

文有美(Moon, You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2016 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.98

This paper tried to present effective teaching learning methods of ‘Zou(走)’ and ‘Qu(去)’ which are the counterparts in Chinese of “go”, one of the high frequency verbs in Korean language. The following are the research results. First, it drove out the error examples made as Koreans learning Chinese language use ‘走’(run) and ‘去’(go) and sorted out the error types. Second, it established the difference in meaning of ‘走’(run) and ‘去’(go) applying the cognitive linguistics theory. Third, it presented the teaching learning models of ‘走’(run) and ‘去’(go) from the viewpoint of cognitive linguistics and suggested practical examples, learning methods, and learning goals of language materials.

요양병원 요양보호사의 감정노동이 소진에 미치는 영향

문유미(Moon, Yu Mi),신소영(Shin, So Young) 노인간호학회 2018 노인간호학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional labor and burnout in long-term care hospital care workers. Methods: Participants were 126 care workers from 5 different long-term care hospitals in B city, Korea. Data were collected from May to July 2017. A set of self-report questionnaires was administered to assess general characteristics, emotional labor, and burnout in the participants. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with the IBM SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: The M±SD score for burnout was 2.45±0.41(out of 5) and for emotional labor, 2.67±0.52 (out of 5). The final regression model was statistically significant and accounted for 34% of the variance in burnout. The factors that significantly affected burnout included dissonance (a ubscale of emotional labor; β=.38, p<.001), health status (β=-.35, p<.001), and motivation to work (family living; β=.31, p=.002). Conclusion: In order to reduce burnout in care workers, managers and members of long-term care facilities need to acknowledge emotional labor as an important mental health issue and put forth efforts to create constructive working environments.

한중 중국어학 연구동향 실태분석 연구

文有美(Moon, You-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2015 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.91

The main purpose of this study is to present data in order to enrich current scholarship, and suggest viable research methods for succeeding studies. The results are as follows: First, in the result contrasting and analyzing Studies written in main academic journal of Korea and Chinese main periodical publication, the field where the biggest study results was ‘Grammar’ in common. The difference was that studies in ‘Phonetics/Phonology’ were more in Korea and studies in ‘Rhetoric’, ‘Dialectology’ , ‘language of minority race’ appeared relatively more in China. Second, the analysis of Chinese Linguistics study trend through the contrast of keyword appearing in studies announced in 『Journal of Chinese Linguistics in Korea 』 of Korea and 『Studies of The Chinese Language』of China during recent 5 years(year 2010?2014) is as follows. Something in common is that keyword etc. such as ‘Grammaticalization, Lexicalization, and Subjectivization’ showing high number of frequency in both of Korea and China are subjects with high interests in recent Chinese Linguistics related studies.