파노라마 촬영시 눈과 갑상선에 미치는 표면선량에 관한 연구

동경래(Dong Kyung-Rae) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

파노라마 촬영 시 눈과 갑상선의 표면선량 실험은 광주지역 10개 병원을 대상으로 열형광선량계(Thermoluminescent dosimeter, TLD)와 형광유리선량계(Photoluminescent dosimeter, PLD)를 이용하여 각각 병원에서 사용하는 조건으로 측정(measurement)하였다. ICRP 60과 ICRP 73에서 권고한 눈에 대한 허용기준은 15mSv, 갑상선에 대한 허용기준은 연간 1mSv이다. 왼쪽 눈(Left Eye)의 TLD와 PLD값은 각각 0.19mSv와 0.24mSv, 오른쪽 눈(Right Eye)의 TLD와 PLD의 값은 0.23mSv와 0.25mSv, 갑상선의 TLD와 PLD의 값은 0.08mSv와 0.25mSv로 허용기준치를 초과하지 않았다. 또한 각 장기에 대한 TLD와 PLD의 비교에서는 왼쪽 눈과 갑상선이 유의한 차이가 있다고 볼 수 있고(p<0.01), 오른쪽 눈은 유의한 차이가 없다고 볼 수 있다(p>0.05). 각 병원에서 사용하는 파노라마 기기로 눈과 갑상선에 미치는 선량을 TLD와 PLD로 측정 하였을 때 눈과 갑상선의 표면선량은 ICRP 60에서 권고한 선량을 넘지 않았지만, 확률적 영향이 일어날 수 있으므로 모든 준위의 선량에 대해서 고려되어야 한다. Ten hospitals from the Gwangju area were used to examine shallow dose to eyes and thyroid from panoramagraphy. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and Photoluminescent dosimeter (PLD) were used as measurement devices at each hospital. ICRP 60 and ICRP 73 set standards for acceptability for eyes at 15mSv and thyroid at 1mSv per year. Left eye measures with TLD and PLD resulted in 0.19mSv and 0.24mSv respectively. Right eye measures with TLD and PLD resulted in 0.23mSv and 0.25mSv respectively. Thyroid measures with TLD and PLD resulted in 0.08mSv and 0.25mSv respectively with both measures not exceeding standards for acceptance. There was a significant difference in comparing the left eye and thyroid for TLD and PLD (p<0.01). There was no significant difference with the right eye (p>0.05). The absorbed dose measurements for eyes and thyroid using TLD and PLD in regards to panorama devices at each hospital were within the ICRP 60 recommendations; however, with the possibility of stochastic effect, all dose levels were taken into consideration.

영상의학과 촬영실에서의 세균 오염도 측정에 관한 연구

동경래(Dong Kyung-Rae),조영국(Cho Young-Kuk),노상호(Ro Sang-Ho) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

현재 영상의학과에서 사용되는 촬영장비는 질환을 가지고 있는 환자와의 접촉이 불가피 하기 때문에 병원균이 존재 할 수밖에 없다. 따라서 영상의학과 촬영실에서의 세균 오염도를 측정하고, 검출된 세균들을 소독(물, Tissue Cleaner, 70% 알코올)하여 소독 전ㆍ후 세균의 감소율을 비교함으로써 병원감염예방에 있어 소독제 사용의 중요성과 병원감염관리의 인식을 높이고자 한다. 영상의학과 촬영실에서의 세균 오염도를 측정 하였을 때 여러 가지 세균들이 검출되었다. 영상의학과 촬영실내를 소독할 때 물이나 Tissue Cleaner, 환기 보다는 70% Alcohol을 사용하여 소독을 실시하는 것이 세균 사멸 및 병원감염 예방부분에 있어 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 세균을 사멸시키기 위해 보다 좋은 소독제를 개발하여야 하며, 병원 내 각종 의료 장비는 언제나 오염될 가능성이 있으므로 기구에 대한 소독 및 멸균을 실시하여 병원감염으로 인해 환자에게 2차 감염을 유발되지 않도록 노력해야 할 것이다. Since equipment currently being used in the department of radiological technology comes into contact with patients carrying diseases, there inevitably will be the existence of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in order to increase the importance of using disinfectant in hospital infection precaution and the recognition of hospital infection management, comparisons were made by measuring the bacterial contamination levels in radiology room within the department of radiological technology and comparing the measurements with post disinfection levels. Disinfecting the rooms from detected bacteria was conducted with water, tissue cleaner, or 70% alcohol. When measuring bacterial contamination levels in radiology rooms, a variety of bacteria was detected. When disinfecting the interior of radiology rooms the effectiveness of destroying bacteria and preventing hospital infection was greatest when using 70% alcohol compared to water, tissue cleaner and ventilation. Therefore, there needs to be a development of a better antiseptic for destroying bacteria because there is a possibility for hospital medical equipment to be constantly contaminated. Efforts need to be made to prevent hospital infections and patient secondary infection by disinfecting and sterilizing equipment.

영상의학과 촬영실에서의 세균 오염도 측정에 관한 연구

동경래(Kyung Rae Dong),노상호(Sang Ho Ro),권대철(Dae Cheol Kweon),류영환(Young Hwan Ryu),동차분(Cha Bun Dong),유은영(Eun Yeong Yu),조영국(Young Kuk Cho) 한국실내환경학회 2009 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.6 No.4

Since equipment currently being used in the department of radiological technology in hospitals comes into contact with patients carrying diseases, there inevitably will be the existence of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in order to increase the importance of using disinfectant in hospital infection precaution and the recognition of hospital infection management, comparisons were made by measuring the bacterial contamination levels in radiology room within the department of radiological technology and comparing the measurements with post disinfection levels. Disinfecting the rooms from detected bacteria was conducted with water, tissue cleaner, or 70% alcohol. When measuring bacterial contamination levels in radiology rooms, a variety of bacteria was detected. When disinfecting the interior of radiology rooms the effectiveness of destroying bacteria and preventing hospital infection was greatest when using 70% alcohol compared to water, tissue cleaner and ventilation. Therefore, there needs to be a development of a better antiseptic for destroying bacteria because there is a possibility for hospital medical equipment to be constantly contaminated. Efforts need to be made to prevent hospital infections and patient secondary infection by disinfecting and sterilizing equipment.

CT 검사에서 대동맥박리(aortic dissection)의 발생빈도에 관한 고찰

동경래(Kyung-Rae Dong),최성관(Sung-Kwan Choi),장영일(Young-Ill Jang),노상호(Sang-Ho Ro) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2008 방사선기술과학 Vol.31 No.2

  목 적: 혈관의 내층과 외층을 급속히 해리시키는 예후가 매우 위험한 질환으로 대동맥 박리증(aortic dissection)의 임상적 진단을 위해 CT를 시행하여 대동맥 박리 증으로 판명된 환자 수와 연령별로 발생 빈도를 조사하고자 하였다.<BR>  방법 및 대상: 2005년 1월부터 2006년 12월까지 2년간 C대학병원에 내원한 환자 중 CT를 시행한 환자 112명을 대상으로 연도별로 증감 추세를 조사해 보고, 성별, 연령별, 진료과별로 조사 해 보았으며, 정확한 관찰을 위해 CT scan 후의 재구성 영상인 MIP와 SSD 그리고 VRT영상을 획득하여 CT와 일반 Chest PA 상을 비교하여 결과를 조사 연구하였다.<BR>  결과 및 결론:<BR>  1. CT를 시행한 환자 112명을 대상으로 연도별 검사건수는 2005년도 37명으로 41.9%를 보였고, 2006년도는 65명으로 58.1%로 2005년에 비해 2006년에 1.4배 증가되었다.<BR>  2. CT를 시행한 환자의 성별분포는 남성이 45명으로 40.1%, 여성이 67명으로 59.9%를 차지하고 있고 남성 45명 중 대동맥 박리증 환자는 9명으로 20%, 여성은 67명 중 21명으로 31.3%로 대동맥 박리증 환자가 남성에 비해 여성이 1.6배 많이 발생되었다. 또한 검사자 수도 남성에 비해 여성이 1.5배 많은 것으로 나타났다.<BR>  3. CT를 시행한 환자의 연령별 분포는 30세 미만에서는 거의 볼 수 없었으며 41세에서 80세까지가 전체에 88.3%를 차지하였으며 연령이 높을수록 대동맥 박리증 질환의 발생빈도가 높게 나타났다. 연령별 발생빈도의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.01).<BR>  4. CT를 의뢰한 과는 응급의학과에서 46명(41.1%), 순환기 내과에서 37명(33.0%), 흉부외과에서 13명(11.6%), 기타 과에서 16명(14.3%)으로 응급의학과와 순환기내과가 전체의 74.1%로 나타났다. 따라서 대동맥 박리증 질환의 환자는 주로 응급실로 내원하는 매우 위험한 질환이라는 것을 알 수 있다.<BR>  5. 대동맥 박리 환자 30명 중 22명(73.3%)은 일반 X-ray상 정상으로 판독되었고, 8명(26.7%)만이 일반 X-ray상 이상소견이 나왔다. 따라서 대동맥 박리 질환을 정확히 평가하기 위해서는 반듯이 CT를 시행해야 할 것으로 사료되었다.   Purpose: Aortic Dissection is very dangerous, prognostic disease, which the bloodstream flow out of the true lumen of the aorta by the bursting of aortic intima resulting in a rapid dissociation of inner and outer layer from the media. It is difficult to diagnose aortic dissection clinically by normal X-ray. This study was to investigate the occurrence frequency by age and number of patients who are identified to be aortic dissection by CT(Computed Tomography) scan.<BR>  Materials and methods: We investigated the trend of yearly fluctuation, gender, age, and department of clinical research of the 112 patients who conducted CT scan in C- University Hospital for two years from January 2005 to December 2006. The MIP and SSD which reconstructed CT image and the VRT image were obtained for the accurate observation. The result was investigated by comparing normal X-ray and CT scan.<BR>  Results and Conclusion:<BR>  1. The yearly check of 112 patients conducted CT scan showed 37 people(41.9%) in 2005, and it was increased to 65(58.1%) in 2006 by 1.4 times.<BR>  2. The gender distribution of patients given a CT scan showed 45 males(40.1%), and female 67(59.9 %). The aortic dissection patients were 9(20%) out of 45 males, 21(31.3%) out of 67 females and women were 1.6 times more than men. Women are also 1.5 times more than men in the number of examinee.<BR>  3. The age distribution of patient"s who conducted CT scan revealed that there was no patient under 30 years old while 88.3% of all patients were through 41 to 80 years old. The higher the age was, the higher the occurrence of aortic dissection was. The difference in the occurrence frequency of age was statistically significant(p<0.01).<BR>  4. The departments that requested CT scan were the emergency department 46(41.1%), circulatory internal medicine 37(33.0%), chest surgery 13(11.6%), and others 6(14.3%). The combined ratio of emergency medicine and circulatory internal medicine was 74.1% of all. The results show that the aortic dissection is a very dangerous disease whose patients visit mainly via the emergency room.<BR>  5. The aortic dissection patients had normal X-ray readings in 22(73.3%) out of 30, and only 8(26.7 percent) are abnormal in the X-ray diagnosis. Therefore, the CT scan needs to be enforced in order to assess accurately the disease of aortic dissection.

광주지역 어린이 놀이터 내 토양의 방사능 농도와 우레탄 농도 및 선량률 측정 비교분석

동경래 ( Kyung Rae Dong ),김창복 ( Chang Bok Kim ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2014 공학기술논문지 Vol.7 No.3

The playground is a space to spend time mostly young children. typical playground with soil and urethane playground. Playground is present regulated for heavy metals and organic matter, but is a situation that no regulation of environment radioactive materials, may adversely affect the sensitivity to high radiation for children by the radiation from environment radioactive materials. So to try and detect the spatial dose of children``s playground environment radioactive materials learn about the environmental radioactive materials in Gwangju, use of living safety space development at regional and national comparative analysis.

병원 서비스 중 홍보자료의 필요성 및 효과적인 방안분석(핵의학 환자를 중심으로)

동경래 ( Kyung Rae Dong ),채수경 ( Soo Kyung Chae ),권대철 ( Dae Cheol Kweon ),구은희 ( Eun Hoe Goo ),최성현 ( Sung Hyun Choi ),정운관 ( Woon Kwan Chung ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2010 공학기술논문지 Vol.3 No.2

There are man variety of service that exist and are being implemented in our lives today. However, it is not an easy thing for hospitals to carry them. Through questionnaires given prior to and after receiving informative materials pertaining to treatments and safety of nuclear medicine, the results showed a positive increase and areas that need further improvements concerning the need for informational materials and current service conditions. Also the results from comparing the preference in informative material media such as audio-video, video, and pamphlet revealed that audio-video had the greatest effect. As a result it is recommended that hospital services be improved with the development of audio-video informative materials for the department of nuclear medicine and other hospital service being implemented.

폐 조직 등가물질을 이용한 감약정도 측정에 관한 고찰

동경래 ( Kyung Rae Dong ),김창복 ( Chang Bok Kim ),지연상 ( Youn Sang Ji ),김기연 ( Ki Youn Kim ),정운관 ( Woon Kwan Chung ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2008 공학기술논문지 Vol.1 No.2

It is important to measure the radiation dose of the heterogenous tissue in the radiogenic diagnosis and treatment. There are different absorption coefficient in oft and fatty tissue, bone, and tissue including water. They have the difference of the radiation in X-ray. We check the attenuation by changing the thickness and using the equivalent quality in the tissue. we used the acrylic, millet, and cork that have similar density to soft tissue, fatty, lung tissue for the attenuation of the each tissue. The results showed that acrylic measured 16 cm, 18 cm, and cork 47 cm. That is to say, the volume of the penetrating radiation was larger in following order, Cork, Millet, and then Acrylic. when we apply the real thickness of the soft, fatty, and lung tissue to the equivalent quality, the attenuation were 37% per 1 cm in the Acrylic, 34% in the Millet, and 63% in the Cork. We compared the atteunation between phantom made from equivalent quality and human chest. The attenuation in the chest PA was 9.33 mAs, and in the phantom was 9.43 mAs. Therefore, We can confirm the utility of the phantom to measure the dose of the penetrating radiation for the small difference about 0.1 mAs between phantom and human tissue.

Computed Radiography 영상에서 Parameter에 의한 Artifact 원인과 해결방안

동경래(Kyung-Rae Dong),최준구(Jun-Gu Choi),홍성일(Seong-Il Hong) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.9 No.5

CR방식의 도입으로 인해 많은 장점을 가지게 되었으나 기존의 Film/Screen방식에서 발생되지 않았던 Artifact가 새롭게 발생하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 광주에 위치한 일개 종합병원에서 획득한 CR 영상중 Artifact가 발생한 경우를 3가지로 나누어 측정하였다. 시간 지연과 농도변화에 의한 Artifact는 시간이 경과할수록 자연방사선에 의한 영향으로 1일보다 5일후에 67%의 농도가 증가 되었으며 잠상퇴행에 의한 Artifact는 즉시보다 10시간 후의 빛의 방출도가 33%감소하여 시간이 경과할수록 영상의 질이 저하되었다. 술자에 의한 Artifact는 Collimation에 의한 Artifact가 53%, 기기에 의한 Artifact는 Guiding plate, Suction cup으로 인한 Artifact가 65%로 가장 많이 발생되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 Artifact에 대한 정확한 인식을 정기적인 점검을 통해 해결방안을 모색한다면 영상의 질 및 진료의 만족도를 높여 갈 수 있을 것이다. There is a great deal of merit in CR system but artifact not produced in old system of film or screen newly is created. we studied 3 cases of artifact with CR system in one hospital, Gwangju. In the first case of the delay time and density, As the time was delayed, the density of the artifact was increased up to 67 percent in the natural radiation. The Second, Fading of the artifact decreased 33 percent in the rate of the emission after 10 hours, and the more the time was delayed, the less the quality of image was deteriorated. Third, Artifact was produced by the collimation when the radiologic technologist was performed, and by the Guiding plate and Suction cup when the radiation equipment was done. Therefore, when health care provider have to understand the artifact exactly and check regularly, the quality of the picture and the satisfaction of the medical examination is increased.

ATS-539 다목적 팬텀을 이용한 초음파 영상 성능평가

동경래 ( Kyung Rae Dong ),배순하 ( Soon Ha Bae ),이원홍 ( Won Hong Lee ),권대철 ( Dae Cheol Kweon ),구은희 ( Eun Hoe Goo ),정운관 ( Woon Kwan Chung ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2010 공학기술논문지 Vol.3 No.1

Changes in presisets items installed in utrasound equipment were measured against the standards for suitability/unsuitability of ultrasound diagnosis items as determined by the Quality Control Committee of The Korean Society of Radiology (KSR) in a general hospital which is located in the Seoul area using an ultrasound standard phantom of ATS-539 multipurpose ultrasound phantom. Three of eight items for the phantom performance test are Dead zone, Axial/lateral resolution and Gray scale & Dynamic range, and these items are used for a criterion of suitability/unsuitability. ATS-539 measure all the three items and three radiologists judge suitability / unsuitability. ‘Itemized Dead zone, Axial/lateral resolution and Gray scale & Dynamic range are demonstrated in suitability percent by an ultrasound equipment. The results showed that Dead zone is 100%. Axial/lateral resolution is 87.5% and Gray scale & Dynamic range is 50%. Quality control can reduce cost and waste of time, more accurate diagnosis and better cure for a patient are the first step of the diagnosis. So we think we should decide diagnosis exactly how we apply ultrasound management item and use perisets.

The Study on the Attenuation of X-ray and Imaging Quality by Contents in Stomach

Kyung-Rae Dong(동경래) · Youn-Sang Ji(지연상) · Chang-Bok Kim(김창복) · Seong-Kwan Choi(최성관) · Sang-In Moon(문상인) · Kevin Dieter(디터 케빈) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2009 방사선기술과학 Vol.32 No.1

인체의 40~50%인 연부조직에 X선을 조사하면 연부조직의 두께에 따라 투과선량이 감소하며 영상에도 질적 저하를 가져온다. 본 연구는 복부 촬영시 위장내 내용물에 따라 X선 감약 및 화질에 차이가 나타날 수 있다는 가정 하에 실제 위의 조직과 비슷한 조직등가물질 phantom을 제작하여 실제 위장내 내용물에 따른 X선의 감약 변화와 DR (Digital Ridiography)의 ROI수치를 비교해보았다. 단백질 두께가 증가할수록 X-선 감약에 의한 투과선량이 감소되었으며(p < 0.001), Film과 DR 영상에서의 ROI Mean값의 변화도 감소하였다(p < 0.001). Film과 DR 영상에서의 ROI Mean값에 대한 비교는 Film이 DR 영상에 비해 단백질 두께에 따른 농도의 변화 값이 크게 나타났다(p < 0.001). 이와 같은 결과를 종합해 볼 때 DR system 촬영 보다는 필름을 사용하는 단순촬영에서 금식(NPO ; nothing by mouth)의 필요성이 더 중요함을 알 수 있다. This study examined the change in the attenuation of X-rays with the ROI (Region of Interest) in DR (Digital Radiography) according to the stomach contents by manufacturing a tissue equivalent material phantom to simulate real stomach tissue based on the assumption that there is some attenuation of X-rays and a difference in imaging quality according to the stomach contents. The transit dosage by the attenuation of X-rays decreased with increasing protein thickness, which altered the average ROI values in the film and DR images. A comparison of the change in average ROI values of the film and DR image showed that the image in film caused larger density changes with varying thickness of protein than the image by DR. The results indicate that NPO (nothing by mouth) is more important in film system than in DR system.