Analysis the Multiregional DNA Barcoding Markers to Identification Origins of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix

Eui jeong Doh(도의정),Jee Hyun Yoon(윤지현),Shin-hee Jun(전신희),Guemsan Lee(이금산) 한국약용작물학회 2016 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.2

백수오(白首烏)와 이엽우피소(耳葉牛皮消)의 내부형태 감별기준

도의정 ( Eui-jeong Doh ),김정훈 ( Jung-hoon Kim ),최고야 ( Goya Choi ),이승호 ( Seung-ho Lee ),송호준 ( Ho-joon Song ),주영승 ( Young-sung Ju ),이금산 ( Guem-san Lee ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives: The root of Cyanchum wifordii (CW) had been used as herbal medicine, ``Baeksuo``, in Korea. However, the root of Cynanchum auriculatum (CA) had also been mis-used as ``Baeksuo`` in herbal markets, due to its morphological similarity with CW. This study aimed to compare discriminative features and establish the identification-keys between two herbal medicines using microscopic methods. Methods: Microscopic preparations including fixation, rapid dehydration, paraffin infiltration, paraffin embedding, sectioning, mounting, and staining, were performed and the microscopic features between CW and CA samples were compared. Results: The starch grain of parenchymal cells, the amounts of calcium oxalate crystals, cell sizes, and the shape of phloem were not different between CW and CA samples. However, the clusters of stone cells which were conglomerated at outer cortex were apparently observed in CA sample (4~8 layers of stone cells), but not in CW sample (2~4 layers of stone cells, or not). Xylem of CW consisted of several vessels and fiber bundles which were formed as linear shapes and discontinuous radial lines, while that of CA, in which radial lines was not observed, were shaped as a wedge and scattered near cambium with comparatively few fiber bundles enclosed vessels. Especially, in the xylem of CA, fiber bundles located towards cambium were relatively more developed than those located outward cambium. Conclusions: The identification-keys established in this study would be helpful to discriminate microscopic features between CW and CA.

Multiplex PCR을 이용한 4 종류 목향(木香)의 감별

도의정 ( Eui Jeong Doh ),이금산 ( Guem San Lee ),주영승 ( Young Sung Ju ),오승은 ( Seung Eun Oh ) 대한본초학회 2014 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives : Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang) one of important herbal medicines in oriental medicine, is defined as the dried root of Aucklandia lappa (Asteraceae). Owing to the similarities in the morphology and name, Inulae Radix (Tu-Muxiang) and Vladimiriae Radix (Chuan-Muxiang) as well as Aristolochiae Radix (Qing-Muxiang) originated from other medicinal plants are often used as substitutes and/or adulterants of Aucklandiae Radix. Therefore, a reliable authentication of these herbal medicines is necessarily for the public health and prevention of misuse. Methods : 32 samples of medicinal plants supplying Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Aristolochiae Radix were collected in Korea and China. The ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) nucleotide sequences of samples were determined. The PCR primers to amply DNA marker of each herbal medicine were designed basing on the specific ITS regions showing differences in the sequences among medicinal plants. Results : Primer set Al R/IS F designed in this work amplified 220 bp PCR product only in samples of Aucklandiae Radix. In contrast, primer set Ih F/IS R, Vs R/IS F, and AcR F1/Ac R amplified 250 bp product, 356 bp prouct, and 516 bp product respectively to identify Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Aristolochiae Radix. Conclusions : The primers designed basing on the nucleotide sequences of ITS regions appearing differenced in the sequences among medicinal plants amplified the DNA markers for the identification of Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Aristolochiae Radix. These herbal medicines were more efficiently identified by multiplex PCR method using all primers in a single PCR process.

대한민국약전에 수재된 식물성 한약재의 학명에 대한 재고

도의정 ( Eui Jeong Doh ),이금산 ( Guem San Lee ) 대한본초학회 2013 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

Objectives: A precise and simple system of nomenclature was required to avoid error, ambiguity or confusion. Although medicinal plants must be produced or distributed based on a pharmacopoeia described origin including scientific name, the Korean Pharmacopoeia tenth edition (KP 10) had many names against the nomenclature. Therefore, this study aimed at searching correct scientific names for 241 plants in KP10. Methods: Authoritative databases - The Plant List, International Plant Name Index, YList, Tropicos, eFloras, World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Global Compositae Checklist, The International Legume Database and Information Service, et al. - and previously performed researches, floras were cross-checked. Results: The arrangement of this list was designed for four cases, errors including illegitimate, nomenclatural synonyms, recommended names and decision reserved names. Consideration about the scientific names produced nine correct names for ten misspellings and illegitimate, and thirty-six correct names for forty-one nomenclatural synonyms. These results should be reflected in the next of KP10. Separately. ten recommended names were also suggested for taxonomic synonyms which had been used indiscriminately due to diverse taxonomic opinions, In addition to those, decision reserved names were suggested for thirteen species which had been corridor of uncertainty, Then again, there was need to study about authorship, because KP 10 did not keep recommendations for author citations. Conclusions : Correction of scientific names for some medicinal plants which violated the International Code of Nomenclature would be useful to improve the accuracy of a Pharmacopoeia as the criterional materials.

Urushiol의 화학적 변화를 통한 건칠(乾漆)의 포제법(炮製法) 고찰

김정훈 ( Jung-hoon Kim ),도의정 ( Eui Jeong Doh ),이금산 ( Guemsan Lee ) 대한본초학회 2020 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Objectives : Heating process is the traditional processing method that has been applied to reduce the toxicity of dried resin of Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Anacardiacea) used as Geon-chil (乾漆, Lacca Rhois Exsiccata or Toxicodendri Resina). Urushiol, which is found in the plants of Toxicodendron genus, is a toxic compound that is absorbed into the skin and induces allergic dermatitis by being contacted. Hence, the reduction of urushiol level by heating processing of Geon-chil is crucial method for its medicinal application. Methods : Due to lack of Geon-chil processing-related articles, the articles researching the processing of lacquer (漆), as a coating material, were collected and analyzed to investigate the chemical change of urushiol during heating process. Results : The results demonstrate that the resin which was collected from the sap of T. vernicifluum tree was dried under warm and humid conditions repeatedly. During primary drying process, the laccase, a copper-containing enzyme in the resin, participated in the formation of urushiol polymers and thereafter urushiol-related toxicity could be reduced by making a lacquer harder and more stable. Moreover, heating a lacquer over 200℃ could cause thermodegradation of urushiol polymers, and vaporized thermally degraded urushiol monomers and their by-products, which were determined using pyrolysis/GC-MS. Conclusions : These results support that heating process being performed over 200 ℃, such as stir-frying (炒) or calcination (煅), reduces the urushiol content in Geon-chil and hence, its medicinal use can be more stable without urushiol-related allergic reactions.

천속단(川續斷)과 한속단(韓續斷)의 기원에 관한 문헌 고찰

신상문 ( Sangmun Shin ),도의정 ( Eui-jeong Doh ),송호준 ( Ho-joon Song ),박성주 ( Sung-joo Park ),이금산 ( Guemsan Lee ) 대한본초학회 2020 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Objectives : This study aimed to review the change in the origin of Sokdan(續斷) by diachronically analyzing literature data from Korea and China. Methods : Literature records describing the origin(synonyms, location of production, description) of Sokdan were collected, records were divided into periods. The main contents were included in the results, and original texts were edited and summarized in the table. Results : Sokdan, whose leaves resemble Jeoma(苧麻)(SJ), was first recorded in 《Xinxiubencao(新修本草)》, and described in detail in 《Bencaotujing(本草圖經)》 during the Tang and Song dynasties in China. In modern times, SJ was assumed to be genus Phlomoides or Lamium; however, records of the plant have decreased. Finally, SJ was not included in the 《Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China》 as Sokdan. However, 《Diannanbencao(滇南本草)》, 《Diannanbencaotushuo (滇南本草圖說)》, 《Zhiwumingshitukao(植物名實圖考)》 described Sokdan of dian(滇). It was assumed genus Dipsacus . From the 1950s onwards, Sokdan is described in the literature as a member of the genus Dipsacus. In korea, SJ was recorded in 《Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)》 and 《Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑)》 during the Joseon dynasty. In modern times, the genera Phlomoides and Lamium were mostly recorded as the origin of Sokdan. Conclusions : Several species have been described as Sokdan over the years in China, but since the 1950s, the genus Dipsacus was noted as the origin of Sokdan. In Korea, SJ was used in the past, thus Sokdan was recorded as P. umbrosa in 《The Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia(KHP)ㆍ1985》. However, 《KHPㆍ1998》 referred to P. umbrosa as Hansokdan and D. asperoides as Sokdan.