현행 금융 분쟁 해결제도에 관한 법적 연구

노태석 ( Tae Seok Roh ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2011 一鑑法學 Vol.0 No.19

For resolving financial disputes, an alternative dispute resolution system (the "ADR"), such as conciliation, mediation and arbitration, in addition to a litigation system by a court, may be used. The ADR system is evaluated as more beneficial one than the litigation system in terms of time and costs for resolving or settling disputes. Among the ADR system, in Korea, the conciliation system has been mainly and actively operated in the matters of financial disputes. Under the financial dispute conciliation system, the financial institutions and financial consumers concerned come to an agreement settling the relevant disputes, through reasonable adjustments arranged by the Financial Dispute Conciliation Committee (the "FDCC"), a committee established under the Financial Supervisory Service. However, the current financial dispute settlement system are assessed to have some drawbacks, among others, including the following: first, the system for settling financial disputes consists of the diversified settlement agencies so that it leads to less efficient system; second, the FDCC as the dispute resolution agency lacks the independence and professionalism; third, the rate of the FDCC`s conciliation proposal being accepted by either party is low; and fourth, the "collective financial dispute resolution procedure system" is not being operated. Therefore, this article suggests some improvements as follows: first, an independent and professional dispute resolution agency should be established; second, the FDCC`s conciliation proposal accepted by the party of financial consumers should be legally binding on the financial institutions; third, the arbitration system needs to be introduced in the financial dispute settlement system; and fourth, the "collective dispute resolution procedure system" should be also introduced.

「금융소비자 보호에 관한 법률안」상의 판매행위 규제에 관한 검토

노태석(Roh, Tae Seok) 한국소비자원 2013 消費者問題硏究 Vol.44 No.1

은행의 중도상환수수료 부과방식의 문제점과 개선 방안 검토

노태석(Roh, Tae-Seok) 한국소비자원 2013 消費者問題硏究 Vol.44 No.3

전기통신금융사기 피해자의 민사적 구제 방안에 관한 연구

노태석 ( Tae Seok Roh ),이성우 ( Sung Woo Lee ) 한국금융법학회 2013 金融法硏究 Vol.10 No.1

So-called "voice-phishing" is a defrauding act that steals one`s property through non-face-to-face transactions, especially via telecommunication means, which is a type of serious fraud crime that occurs in the finance industry sector. Some victims of voice-phishing have filed a suit against those who have lent the criminals their bank accounts to be used for voice-phishing and recently some victims also filed a lawsuit for compensation of damages against the relevant financial institutions. In those lawsuits, the trial court, acknowledging that all losses of the plaintiffs were damages to be compensated, rendered judgments in favour of the plaintiffs. Against this backdrop, this thesis will evaluate and review the suits against those who assigned or lent the criminals their bank accounts (so-called "lent bank accounts"), claims against financial institutions pursuant to Article 9 of the Electronic Financial Transaction Act, lawsuits for non-existence of liabilities against financial institutions, other related cases and trial court`s decisions. It is still debatable if the damages which have already been incurred by voice-phishing should be understood under the principle of victim`s own responsibility or negligence and left without any remedy. It should be noted, however, that, in contrast with other countries where bank transfers and withdrawals are heavily regulated, in Korea where voice-phishing easily occurs, banks tend to neglect their duty in the identity verification process simply for convenience and expediency of transactions. As there will appear various type of voice-phishing, it is expected that various cause of actions and remedies at law other than the above mentioned claims will be reviewed and discussed.

합자조합에 관한 법적 연구

노태석(Roh Tae Seok) 한국비교사법학회 2013 비교사법 Vol.20 No.3

지난 2011년 상법 개정으로 도입된 합자조합은 기본적으로 민법상 조합에 해당하나 일정한 사항은 등기하도록 하고 있으며, 합자조합의 유한책임조합원은 조합계약에서 정한 출자가액에서 이미 이행한 부분을 공제한 가액을 한도로 조합채무를 변제할 책임이 있다는 점에서 조합과 다른 특징이 있다. 반면 상법상 합자회사와는 달리 합자조합의 유한책임조합원은 업무집행에 관여할 수 있고, 유한책임조합원의 지분은 조합계약에서 정한 바에 따라 양도할 수 있다는 점에서 합자회사와도 구별된다. 이러한 점에 비추어 보면 합자조합은 민법상 조합과 상법상 합자회사의 중간 영역에 위치하는 기업형태라고 할 수 있는데, 상법상 합자조합은 업무집행조합원의 자격과 관련하여 상법 제173조와의 관계가 불명확한 점이 있고, 합자조합의 목적이 반드시 영리사업만을 해야 하는지 여부도 명확하지 않다. 또한 출자물의 내용이 금전 기타 재산에만 한정되는지, 그리고 유한책임조합원이 합자조합의 업무집행에 관련한 경우에 그 책임 부담이 어떻게 되는지 여부가 명확하지 않아 이에 대한 보완이 필요하다고 판단된다. 합자조합은 주로 인적자산이 중요시되는 기업 영역에서 새로운 형태의 기업 유형으로서 각광을 받을 것으로 기대되는데, 그 활용을 도모하기 위해서는 앞으로 더 심도 있는 연구를 통하여 합자조합의 법적 문제점을 해결해 나가야 할 것이다. Limited partnership introduced with the revision of commercial law in last 2011 is basically included in a partnership according to civil law, but it is different from the partnership in that it is asked to register certain requirements and the limited partner of limited partnership is responsible for repaying debts for limited partnership at the minimum amount which deducted the part implemented already from the investment amount designated in the partnership agreement. On the contrary, limited partnership is also different from because the limited partner of limited partnership can engage in the work process unlike limited partnership company and the share of the limited partner can be assigned in compliance with the partnership agreement. Limited partnership in this aspect is a form of corporation positioned in the middle territory between the civil law partnership and the commercial law partnership company. The limited partnership in accordance with civil law has unclear relationship with Article 173 of commercial law with respect to the managing qualification of a limited partner, and if the purpose of limited partnership is profit-making only becomes an issue. Because it is also not clear if the content of investment is limited to money and other property only, and the scope of responsibility to be borne by the limited partner when the person is engaged in management of limited partnership is unclear it is assumed that it needs to be supplemented further. Limited partnership generally is expected to get the limelight as a new enterprise type in the corporate area which values human asset. A more in-depth study is required in the future to solve the problem of limited partnership in order to promote its application.

금융소비자보호법상의 영업행위 준수사항에 대한 검토

노태석(Roh, Tae Seok) 충남대학교 법학연구소 2020 法學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

금융소비자보호법은 금융상품의 판매행위와 관련된 규제를 전반적으로 규율함으로써 현행 업권별 규제체계 하에서 발생하는 규제차익의 문제를 해소하고 금융상품에 대한 불완전판매를 방지하여 금융소비자 보호 강화를 도모하고 있다. 이러한 금융소비자보호법의 시행으로 금융소비자보호규제를 하나의 통합법으로 규율함으로써 규제의 명확성과 예측 가능성을 제고하고, 금융상품 판매행위 규제의 강화를 통하여 보다 금융소비자를 두텁게 보호할 수 있다는 점에서 그 의의가 있을 것이다. 다만, 디지털금융의 확산에 따른 금융환경의 변화와 함께 비대면 거래방식으로 이루어지는 금융거래에 있어 금융소비자의 보호, 전체 인구의 약 15.5%를 초과하고 있는 800만명 이상의 고령자의 금융거래에 대한 보호, 최근 해외금리연계 DLF 불완전판매 과정에서 나타난 고위험 금융상품 판매에 있어 금융소비자 보호 문제 등에 대한 추가적인 검토와 보완이 필요해 보인다. 금융소비자보호법은 동일기능-동일규제라는 원칙하에 금융소비자보호를 위하여 금융상품판매업자등이 준수해야 할 최소한의 행위준칙을 설정하고, 금융상품이나 금융업의 특성을 고려하여 그에 맞는 행위규제를 설정하여 금융상품 판매행위와 관련된 규제를 전반적으로 규율하고 있다는 점에서 금융상품 판매에 있어 획기적인 전환이 이루어질 것으로 기대된다. The Financial Consumer Protection Act intends to regulate business conducts related to selling financial products and to solve the problems of regulatory absence or regulatory arbitrage occurring under the current regulation system by each business category. Further, it seeks to prevent unfair and illegal sales of financial products in order to promote protection of financial consumers. The Act prescribes general principles on selling financial products including suitability rule and explanation duty. Moreover, it divides financial consumers into general financial consumers and professional financial consumers and differentiates the level of protection, and further differentiate the level and contents of observance by each financial product, considering risks and characteristics of different types of financial products. The Act intends to unify the regulation of sales activities of financial companies, to establish an integrated supervision system, to set up rules of business conduct with respect to selling financial products, to promote protection of financial consumers, and to create sound financial transactions in order to contribute to the development of the financial market. However, further review and supplementation of the protection of elderly financial consumers, non-face-to-face transactions, and high-risk transactions are needed.

數種의 韓藥 抽出物이 抗알레르기 反應에 미치는 影響

노태석,노석선,Roh, Tae-Seok,Roh, Seok-Sun 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2002 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.15 No.1

This experimental study was done to research effects of a number of extract on the anti-allergic effect. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In effect of herb-extract on compound $\frac{48}{80}$-mediated histamine release from Evans blue skin assay, Isatis Japonica Miquel, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz, Spirodela polyrhiza, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Bupleurum chinense, Magnolia liliflora, Forsythia koreana, Aster tataricus L., Xanthium strumarium L.(MtOH), Trichosanthes kirilowii, Phellodendron amurense Rupr, Schizonepeta tenuifolia Var, Betula platyphylla show considerable visible anti-allergic effect. In the result of quantification of histamine induced compound $\frac{48}{80}$, Spirodela polyrhiza, Isatis Japonica Miquel, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Bupleurum chinense, Forsythia koreana inhibit histamine release effectively. 2. In effect of Herb-Extract on compound $\frac{48}{80}$-mediated histamine release from RPMC, Spirodcla polyrhiza, Cimicifuga heracleifolia inhibit histamine release effectively. 3. In effect of Herb-Extract on anti-DNP IgE-mediated histamine release from Evansblue skin assay. Spirodela polyrhiza, Cimicifuga heracleifolia(0.1mg/ml). Forsythia koreana, Aster tataricus L., Xanthium strumarium L.(0.1mg/ml), Trichosanthes kirilowii(0.1mg/ml) show considerable visible anti-allergic effect. In the result of quantification of histamine induced anti-DNP IgE, Spiradela polyrhiza, Isatis Japonica Miquel, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Bupleurum chinense, Forsythia koreana inhibit histamine release effectively 4. In the result of genetic manifestative inhibition about the human mast cell-1(HMC-1), Cimicifuga heracleifolia has considerable effect in IL-4 in IL-5, and Tussilage farfara L. has in IL-4. According to the above results, it is suggested that several Herb-Extract have anti-allergic effect.

사회적 금융 특화은행 설립 방안과 법적 과제

이정민(Jeong Min Lee),노태석(Tae Seok Roh) 은행법학회 2018 은행법연구 Vol.11 No.1

2008년 금융위기를 전후로 해외에는 많은 사회적 금융 특화은행이 설립되었지만 국내의 경우 관련 시장 및 법 등 체계가 제대로 규정되어 있지 못하다. 해외의 사회적 금융특화은행은 사회적․경제적 성과 창출, 투명한 구조를 통한 정보비대칭성의 해소, 지속가능한 경영을 원칙으로 운영하고 있으며, 혁신적인 가치기반의 은행체계는 장기적인 운영 및 성과를 통해 그 가치를 인정받고 있다. 특히 은행의 모든 업무를 영위할 수 있는 은행(full banking license) 형태로 설립된 사회적 금융 특화은행이 많다. 현재 국내의 경우에도 사회적 금융에 관심을 가지며 각 분야별로 지방자치단체 또는 일반기업 등에 의해 단기정책으로 금융 사업이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 한시적인 사업이 많아 단기적 성과창출에 치우쳐 있어 많은 대상에게 혜택을 주지 못하고 있으며, 장기적인 운영이 어렵다. 그러므로 이를 모두 포함할 수 있는 사회적 금융 특화은행의 설립이 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 먼저 현행법의 개정 또는 특별법의 제정을 통해 설립 요건을 규정해야한다. 수익적 가치보다 사회적 가치를 보다 중시하는 특화은행이므로 일반은행의 엄격한 설립 및 운영요건을 완화할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해서 먼저 세계적인 추세에 따라 은행 설립을 위한 최저자본금 요건을 완화하여 다양한 사회적 금융 특화은행의 출현을 도모할 수 있어야 한다. 또한 자금조달방안을 심사함에 있어 사회적 금융 특화은행만을 위한 자금조달계획의 마련이 필요하다. 주주구성계획 및 대주주에 관한 사항에 있어서도 사회적 가치를 추구하는 특화은행이기 때문에 사회적 가치에 대한 공통의 이해를 가진 자들이 다양하게 참여할 수 있도록 다양한 주주의 확보와 함께 재무적 투자자의 참여 방안을 마련해야한다. 더불어 사업계획을 심사할 때 사회적 금융 특화은행의 비재무적 요소를 평가할 수 있는 평가방법의 마련이 필요하다. 마지막으로 사회적 금융에 대한 전문인력의 확보와 정보의 비대칭성 해소를 위한 고객확인체계에 대한 설비 마련이 필요하다. In the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, many social finance specialized banks have been established abroad, but in Korea, the relevant market and legislation are not properly defined. Many social finance specialized banks in the world are operated under the principles, which are creation of social and economic performances, the resolution of information asymmetry through a transparent structure, and sustainable business. The innovative value-based banking system is valued for its long-term operations and performance. In particular, there are many social finance specialized banks that are set up in the form of full banking licenses that allow all banks to do business. Currently, they are also interested in social finance in Korea and financial projects are carried out in each area in the short term by local governments or companies. However, due to many temporary projects and focus on short-term performance, it is difficult to benefit many people and to operate them for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a social finance specialized bank that can include all of these. So the establishment requirements must first be defined through revision of existing laws or enactment of special laws. Since it is a specialized bank that places more emphasis on social value than profitable value, measures should be taken to mitigate strict establishment and operational requirements of banks under the Bank Act. In order to do so, it is necessary to be able to promote the emergence of various social finance specialized banks by alleviating the minimum capital requirements for establishing banks in accordance with the global trends. In addition, it should need to prepare a fund procurement plan exclusively for social finance specialized bank in reviewing financing plan. Since the bank is a specialized bank pursuingsocial values in the case of shareholder composition planning and major shareholders, it should be taken a measure of participation by financial investors and diversified shareholders with a common interests of social values. Also, it is necessary to establish evaluation methods to evaluate the non-financial elements of social finance specialized bank when examining business plans. Finally, it should secure professional workforce on social finance and prepare facilities for direct customer confirmation system about business project to resolve the asymmetry of information.

보험회사 영업행위 규제의 개선 방안

고동원(Ko, Dong-Won),노태석(Roh, Tae-Seok) 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2011 성균관법학 Vol.23 No.3

Along with the new trends of reinforcing the protection of financial consumers due to global financial crisis in 2008, the 2010 amended Insurance Business Act (IBA) of Korea has strengthened the regulations on conducts of business of an insurance company. The main purpose for such reinforcement is to protect the rights of insurance policy holders more efficiently, because such policy holders' bargaining power is believed to be so weak, compared with that of an insurance company. According to this amended IBA, such strengthened regulations including the suitability principle, the duty of explanation and insurance product advertisement regulations, have been newly introduced and implemented. Overall, it is assessed that the new strengthened measures are desirable and have positive effects on insurance consumers in terms of their protection. However, several issues need to be still improved. Thus, this article aims to analyze the problems and issues in regard to the current regulations on business conducts of an insurance company under the IBA and to suggest some recommendations for more efficient protection of insurance consumers. First, since there remain regulatory duplicate by the Fair Trade Commission and the Financial Services Commission (FSC) and double penalties against an insurance company which violates the relevant regulations on insurance product advertisements and general terms and conditions for insurance contracts, these problems need to be so rectified that the FSC should be an unitary regulator in this respect. Second, because the scope of application of the suitability principle is so narrow that it is not sufficient to protect policy holders more efficiently, the suitability principle needs to be applied regardless of whether an insurance contract is offered to potential policy holders by an insurance company, and further it should apply to other insurance products in addition to the current insurance product with variable insurance amount. Third, since the duty of explanation also applies only to an policy holder whom an insurance company promotes, this duty does not operate efficiently to fully protect insurance consumers so that it should apply to insurance consumers regardless of the time of offer of an insurance contract. In sum, the scope of application of the suitability principle and the duty of explanation should be expanded in order to protect insurance consumers more fully.