왜 이웃의 외국인은 범죄두려움을 불러일으킬까?: 외국인근접성 인식이 범죄위험 인식에 미치는 영향

노성훈 ( Sung Hoon Roh ),조준택 ( Joontag Cho ) 대한범죄학회 2014 한국범죄학 Vol.8 No.2

Given the ongoing growth in the population of foreigners in Korea during the last decades, it is quite surprising that few research has been conducted on the influence of foreigners` influx upon Koreans` perception of safety. Fortunately, a recent study conducted by Roh(2013) analyzed the impact of increased foreigners on fear of crime focusing on group threat theory. Despite the significant contribution to the academic realm that had been somewhat neglected, his study, mainly due to the limitations in the analysis model, could not sufficiently account for the causal linkage between the population of foreigners in the neighborhood and fear crime. Using the data from Roh`s study(2013), we examined the mediating effect of community factors and perceived group threat upon the association between perceived adjacency from foreigners and perceived risk of crime. In addition, the moderating effect of perceived social distance upon the causal linkage was investigated. The results from structural equation modeling analysis showed that there was no direct impact of perceived adjacency from forefingers upon perceived risk of crime. Instead, perceived community disorder was found to serve as a complete mediator. Respondents who recognized more foreigners in their neighborhoods were more likely to perceive a higher level of disorder, which increased perceived risk of crime. In contrast, collective efficacy decreased perceived risk of crime at a significant level without being influenced by foreigners` population in the neighborhood. Perceived group threat was positively associated by the perceived size of foreigners but was not related to perceived risk of crime. Finally, no moderating effect was found by perceived social distance upon the relationship between adjacency from foreigners and perceived risk of crime.

거대 기공을 갖는 다공질 TiO₂ 분말의 살균 효과

노성훈,김정근,조영상,Roh, Seong Hoon,Kim, Jeong Keun,Cho, Young-Sang 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.56 No.4

본 연구에서는 에멀젼 자기조립틀을 활용하여 거대기공을 갖는 타이타니아 분말을 합성하였으며, 자외선 조사를 활용한 광촉매 실험을 통해 상용화된 타이타니아 나노입자와 다공질 타이타니아 분말을 이용한 고초균의 살균 효과를 비교하였다. 다공질 분말의 기공 크기를 달리하여 자외선 조사 시간에 따른 고초균 수의 감소를 측정하였으며, 살균 실험의 최적 조건을 도출하기 위하여 기공 크기에 따른 다공질 타이타니아 분말의 살균력을 비교하였다. 기공 크기가 작아질수록 살균 효과는 증대됨을 관찰하였으며, 광촉매의 활용 및 자외선 조사에 의해 1시간 동안 50% 이상의 고초균이 제거되는 효과를 확인하였다. 또한 활성 화학종의 발생을 촉진하기 위하여 과산화수소의 희석 용액을 광촉매 살균 방식과 결합하였으며, 1시간 동안의 자외선 조사에 의해 균주의 거의 대부분이 사멸되는 등 고초균에 대한 살균 효과를 증진시킬 수 있었다. In this study, macroporous titania powders were synthesized utilizing the emulsion-assisted self-assembly to apply the removal of B. subtilis under UV irradiation, and the results were compared with the bactericidal effect of commercial titania nanoparticles. By changing the pore size of the porous titania powder, the reduction of B. subtilis by photocatalytic effect was measured, and the bactericidal capacity of the porous particles according to the pore size was compared in order to derive the optimum condition of the sterilization experiment. It was observed that the sterilization effect increased as the pore size became smaller, and it was confirmed that more than 50% of B. subtilis cold be removed for 1 hour of UV irradiation. Also, in order to promote the generation of active chemical species, a diluted solution of hydrogen peroxide was combined with the photocatalytic sterilization method, resulting in the removal of most of the strain after ultraviolet irradiation for 1 hour.

지하철범죄 예방전략

노성훈(Sung-hoon Roh),김학경(Hakkyong Kim) 한국콘텐츠학회 2012 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.12 No.3

본 논문은 서울시 지하철범죄의 특성을 분석한 후, 영국과 미국의 지하철범죄 통제전략 및 제도를 바탕으로 지하철범죄에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있는 정책적 제언을 제시하고자 하였다. 지하철 내에서의 범죄는 기본적으로 공간적 특성으로 인한 기회형 범죄의 성격이 강하며, 최근 우리나라 지하철범죄 통계에 따르면 특히 성범죄가 급격히 증가하고 있다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 고로 이러한 범행기회를 제거하기 위해서는 근본적으로 지하철 내에서의 공식적인 감시기능을 강화하는 것이 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 이러한 분석을 바탕으로 본 논문은, 공식적 감시기능 및 지하철 이용객의 대응능력 강화의 측면을 중심으로, 첫 번째 지하철경찰인력의 증원, 두 번째 CCTV 설치확대와 효율적 활용, 세 번째 지하철이용객의 방어능력 강화, 네번째 무관용경찰활동에 기반한 지하철 내 무질서행위 단속, 마지막으로, 지역사회와의 협력 강화라는 정책적 방안을 제시하였다. 논문에서 제시된 제안점이 지하철범죄의 원인이라 할 수 있는 과밀화 문제에 대해서는 근본적인 해결책이 될 수 없지만, 최소의 비용으로 최대한의 범죄통제효과라는 측면에서는 충분히 실행가능한 방안이라고 생각된다. The purpose of the paper is to provide policy suggestions for effectively tackling subway crimes, based on the UK and USA’s crime control strategies and systems of subway crimes. The paper attempts to analyze the characteristics of subway crimes in Seoul Subways, and discovers that many of the crimes on the subways are basically ‘opportunistic’ crimes. In particular, crime statistics of Seoul Subways clearly show that sexual-related crimes are on the sharp increase. In this context, it is of great essence that official vigilance functions should be strengthened in order to eliminate crime opportunities in Seoul Subways. Based on such an analysis - in particular, focusing on official surveillance and response capabilities of subway passengers - the paper finally presents policy recommendations as follows: 1) an increase in the number of police officers of the Subway Police Squad, 2) an increase in the number of CCTV cameras and their effective use, 3) the development of subway riders’ defence abilities, 4) strong law enforcement against minor disorder offences based on zero-tolerance policing, and 5) the reinforcement of community partnerships.

자료공개와 법제도적 개선을 통한 범죄통계 활용 활성화 방안

노성훈 ( Sung Hoon Roh ),탁종연 ( Jong Yeon Tark ) 대한범죄학회 2013 한국범죄학 Vol.7 No.2

A paradigm change of opening government data demands a change in policies regarding crime statistics. The Open Government initiative in the US and the UK as well as the Government 3.0 plan in Korea pursue generating vitality and creativity in the private sector and solving a variety of social problems through opening government data on a large scale. Accordingly, the police in the US and the UK have increased the amount of raw data on crime provided to the public coupled with online crime maps. In contrast, the Korean police have maintained a negative policy toward providing raw data on crime. Justifying their policy on crime data, the Korean police rely on legal grounds such as the Freedom of Information Act and the Criminal Procedure Electronic Promoting Act. In addition, more important reasons to restrict opening data include concern for an invasion of privacy, regional stigmatization, reduction of property value, misuse of crime data, and disclosure of data problems. However, most of the reasons suggested by the police lacks validity as reasonable grounds for limiting public access to crime data. Rather providing crime data to the public is more likely to reduce groundless fear of crime, improve public confidence in police, support empowerment of citizens, promote transparency of government, and result in advancement of research. This study suggests several strategic approaches to expand a public access to crime data focusing on three aspects such as crime analysis outcomes, crime mapping, and raw data. In regard to who and how raw data on crime should be provided, we suggested three approaches: positive, negative, neutral one. Initially, raw data on crime need to be provided only to scholars who are qualified through a strict data request process and later they may be open to the general public. Finally, a law should be enacted to clarify the police``s duty to collect crime data by and a special agency exclusively charged for managing and distributing crime data need to be established.

112신고통계 개선방향: 입력항목의 타당성을 중심으로

노성훈 ( Sung Hoon Roh ),탁종연 ( Jong Yeon Tark ) 한국경찰학회 2015 한국경찰학회보 Vol.17 No.5

112신고통계는 범죄현상을 연구하고 치안수요를 측정하기 위한 매우 가치 있는 정보를 담고 있는 자료이다. 범죄통계와 달리 경찰관들의 의사결정 과정을 거치지 않고 기록되기때문에 왜곡의 여지가 적으며 범죄피해조사과정에서 발생하는 진실 되지 않은 답변이나 기억의 오류 등의 문제로부터도 자유롭다. 그럼에도 불구하고 현재까지 우리나라에서 112신고통계를 활용범위는 지극히 제한적인 범위에 머물러왔다. 본 연구에서는 112신고통계가 통계자료로서 갖고 있는 문제점을 분석하고 이를 개선하기 위한 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 112신고통계가 가진 문제점을 파악하기 위해 관찰요원들을 통해 신고출동현장에서 수집된 현장관찰자료 및 경기도 의왕경찰서에 1년간 접수된 112신고통계자료를 분석하였다. 분석결과 112신고통계는 입력항목이 포괄적이지 않고 항목분류에 있어서도 중복된 항목, 복수항목 선택 불가의 문제등 통계자료로서의 타당성이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 입력된 통계값이 실제 발생한 사건 및 경찰조치의 내용과 차이가 나는 문제점도 확인되었다. 마지막으로 수집된 통계의 활용이 매우 제한적인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제들의 원인은 112신고통계의 통계적 가치에 대한 인식 부족과 통계를 수집하고 관리하는 역량의 한계에서 찾을 수 있다. 개선방안으로 경찰업무와 사회안전의 필요성을 고려한 통계 항목 선정, 112신고통계 입력항목의 적절성 향상, 신고사건처리자 중심의 입력체계, 112신고통계의 적극적 활용 등이 제안되었다. 112 calls for service contain valuable information for studying crime and measuring public’s demand for safety. Unlike official crime statistics, calls for service are less subject to any undue influence from police officers because they do not go through the decision-making process by officers, and are free from problems of dishonest answers and memory loss. Nevertheless, the scope of usage of calls for service has been very limited. The current study attempts to analyze problems of calls for service as statistical data, and to suggest plans to improve them. We analyzed data collected through observations and 1-year-long calls for service of a police station in Gyeonggi-do. The results showed that input items were not comprehensive, and the classification of items was not proper due to duplicate items and the forced singular choice. In addition, the records of calls for service sometimes did not correspond to what really happened and what officers actually did. Finally, calls for service were found to be used for very limited purposes. One of the main reasons can be found from the lack of understanding about the value of calls for service as statistical data and the limited capacity to collect and manage statistics. We proposed, as ways to improve, that input items be selected considering police work and needs for public safety, the classification of input items be appropriate, the entry system be based on the information collected by police officers, and calls for service be more actively used.

한국 재범통계의 개선방안

노성훈 ( Sung Hoon Roh ),조준택 ( Joon Tag Cho ) 대한범죄학회 2015 한국범죄학 Vol.9 No.1

A growing interest in reoffending has demanded valid statistics on the matter. Reoffending statistics provide fundamental sources for measuring the magnitude of reoffending, analysing risk factors, and assessing the effectiveness of correctional programs. Despite the low confidence in reoffending statistics in Korea, few studies have scrutinized the problems and suggested solutions to them. The current study attempted to identify the problems of Korean reoffending statistics through analyzing media reports, academic literatures, and official reoffending statistics generated by law enforcement agencies. We found that numerous errors occur in the interpretation of statistical figures because of an use of unclear terms and an interchangeable use of statistics that are produced by different criteria as well. Also clear explanations are omitted regarding the source and criteria of reoffending statistics. Finally, statistics by prospective measure are substantially less utilized that those by retrospective measure. As solutions to these problem, it is suggested that terms related to reoffending statistics be clarified, reoffending statistics measured in a prospective way, such as rearrest rate, be produced by the police, and an official reoffeding rate be generated covering the entire criminal process.

불법촬영범죄에 대한 경찰수사관의 인식: 근거이론적 방법 적용

노성훈(Roh, Sung-hoon),안재경(Ahn, Jaekyung) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2020 형사정책연구 Vol.124 No.-

날씨와 시간, 그리고 가정폭력

노성훈(Roh, Sung-hoon) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2017 형사정책연구 Vol.111 No.-

가정폭력의 지리학

노성훈(Roh, Sung-Hoon) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2016 형사정책연구 Vol.108 No.-

위암에서 Collagen-4 및 Type-4 Collagenase의 발현과 예후인자로서 임상적 응용

노성훈(Sung Hoon Noh),이종인(Chong In Lee),정현철(Hyun Cheol Chung),박준오(Joon Oh Park),조재용(Jae Yong Cho),라선영(Sun Young Ra),유내춘(Nae Chun Yoo),김주항(Joo Hang Kim),노재경(Jae Kyung Roh),민진식(Jin Sik Min),김병수(Byung Soo K 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.1

N/A Background/Aims: In Korea, gastric cancer is the commonest cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Though the most effective treatment for gastric cancer is radical resection, there are many patients with gastric cancer inoperable at the time of diagnosis. Collagen-IV, one of the major intrinsic components of the basement membrane, has cell adhesion function and it is known to be associated with tumor invasion or penetration. Type- IV collagenase, a metallo- proteinase purified from highly metastatic tumor cells, has been implicated in the process of invasion of epithelial and endothelial basement membranes in several steps of tumor invasion and metastasis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of SO patients with histologically proven gastric cancer who had been treated in Yonsei University Medical Center and Yonsei Cancer Center between June l985 and June 1990. We perfonned immunohistochemical staining of surgically resected specimens of stomach cancers to investigate the expression rate and clinical relevance of collagen-lV and type-IV collagenase as prognostic niarkers. Results: Collagen- IV expression rate was 50% in 40 gastric cancers and type-IV collagenas expression rate was 76% in 50 gastric cancers. Six cases(30%) recurred in 20 collagen-IV positivc cases and six cases(30/c) recurred in 20 collagen-IV negative cases(p=1.00000). Eleven cases(29%) recurred in 38 type-P' collagenase positive cases and four cases(33%) recurred in 12 type-IV collagenase negative cases(p=0.77255). In the collagen-IV positive and negative group, 5-ye.ar disease-free survival rate was 607c and 67%, respectively(p=0.6725), and 5-year overal] survival rate was 71% and 827o, respectively(p=0.3953). In the type-IV collagenase positive and negative group, 5-year disease-free survival rate was 63% and 60%, respectively(p=0.6407), and 5-year ovevall survival rate was 78% and 60%, respectively (p=0.3822). Conclusions: Collagen-IV and type-lV collagenase were found in gastric tissues. However, together with recurrence rate and survival rat:, expressions of collagen- IV and type-IV collagenase were not significantly correlated with T state, nodal status, TNM stage and histologic differentiation of gastric cancer. Further studies to define the biological role of collagen-IV and type-IV collagenase is required. (Korean J Gastroenlerol 1996;28:1 - 10)