서퍼들의 숙련도에 따른 균형능력과 하지 근활성도 분석

김효신(Kim, Hyo-Sin),김태규(Kim, Tae-Gyu) 한국체육과학회 2021 한국체육과학회지 Vol.30 No.1

This study is to verify the difference in balance ability and muscle activity in lower extremity depending on their surfing experiences and to provide the basis for the coaching of surfing. Forty adult goofy and regular surfers who were more than 30 surfings per 1 year participated in this study, and they divided into two groups; the experienced group (≥ 5 years of surfing experience) and the inexperienced group (< 5 years). All subjects were tested on their static balance ability for one leg standing and dynamic balance ability for target test with both legs, and they also were measured the muscle activity of tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius during the one leg standing. Static balance ability was defined as envelope area (ENV), total legnth (TL), and sway velocity (SV). The ENV, TL, and SV of right leg in experienced goofy during static balance test with one leg were significantly higher than inexperienced, and there were no differences in the dynamic balance ability and the muscle activity for static balance ability with one leg depending on their surfing experiences. Although the surfing required the balance ability, the results of this study indicate that the experience of surfing did not affect their balance ability and muscle activity in lower extremity. Further study should consider the surfing-related skill level and muscle activity when surfing for develop the training program for surfers" balance ability and their performance.

판례회두 : 제5편 어음수표(889면) ; 어음의 보증행위의 위조에 관하여 표현대리에 관한 규정의 적용을 주장할 수 있는 자 (대법원 2002. 12. 10. 선고 2001 다 58443 판결) (원심: 서울지법 2001. 7. 19. 선고 2000 나 30621 판결), 인적항변 절단의 인정여부 (대법원 2003. 1. 10. 선고 2002 다 46508 판결) (원심: 서울고법 2002. 7. 12. 선고 2001 나 45548 판결), 채권자과실로

김효신 ( Kim Hyo Sin ) 한국상사판례학회 2003 상사판례연구 Vol.15 No.-

파솔리니의 시 『 굴착기의 눈물 Il pianto della scavatrice 』 소고

김효신(Hyo Sin Kim) 한국이탈리아어문학회(구-한국이어이문학회) 2001 이탈리아어문학 Vol.9 No.-

정보시스템 아웃소싱 개발에서 지식 이전이 프로젝트 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김효신(Hyo Sin Kim),박상철(Sang Cheol Park),김종욱(Jong Uk Kim) 한국경영학회 2011 經營學硏究 Vol.40 No.4

In general, information system outsourcing projects involve collaboration between IT service providers and their customers. Therefore, the success of the development is often determined by knowledge transfer between themselves. While prior studies on knowledge transfer have focused on knowledge transfer from IT service providers to customers, they have neglected the opposite direction of knowledge transfer such as knowledge transfer from customers to IT service providers. Thus, in relation to knowledge transfer between IT service providers and customers, we have considered that dual knowledge transfer will be more influential to improve the performance of IT project rather than one-way knowledge transfer from only IT service providers/vendors which was mentioned by previous research. Therefore, in this study, we have highlighted that knowledge transfer from clients to IT vendors may be more critical to result in better performance of IT projects. The proposed research model was empirically assessed using the survey data collected from 282 IT projects and then tested by PLS Graph. After testing our research model, we have found that there exists the dual knowledge transfer in the IS outsourcing context. It indicates that knowledge transfer from the IT service provider to the client is highly important as found in previous studies. Furthermore, our findings indicate that dual process of knowledge transfer (e.g. from IT vendors to clients and vice versa) seems equally important to improve the results of IT projects. In particular, when certain of IT project are progressed, both management and technical knowledge of IT vendors were important for clients while IT service providers have considered management knowledge as an important factor of knowledge transfer in IT projects for their success. The findings of this study present the following contributions for research and practice. First, the study first examined the dual-knowledge transfer mechanism in IT projects. Our findings have suggested that dual process of knowledge transfer (e.g. from IT vendors to clients and vice versa) may be important to improve the performance of IT projects. In our findings, management and technical knowledge of each project partner have influenced both partners` knowledge transfer except the relation between clients` technical knowledge and knowledge transfer from clients to IT vendors. Second, to verify the impact of dual-knowledge transfer by system characteristics, we have examined the relationship between dual knowledge transfer and IT project performance by collecting system type data from clients as well as IT vendors. Our findings have suggested that knowledge transfer from clients to IT vendors has greater impacts on system implementation in the customized IT development than in the packaged IT. Third, we have also presented trust toward project partners (IT vendors and clients) as a salient factor which affects knowledge transfer between IT vendors and clients. Trust toward IT vendors was particularly important for clients while the effect of IT vendors` trust toward clients was not significant. Finally, our research contributes to the practice of IT projects by describing the factors of dual-knowledge transfer between project partners who need to improve the performance of IT projects and the process by which such transfer are made. Additionally, the research contributes to bridge the gap between the current and previous studies on knowledge transfer. This study is an empirical evidence that demonstrates the relationships between the customers and IT service providers` knowledge transfer in IS outsourcing projects. Furthermore, In our findings, management and technical knowledge of each project partner have influenced both partners` knowledge transfer except the relation between clients` technical knowledge and knowledge transfer from customers to IT service providers.

파솔리니의 시에 나타난 그리스도와 종교의 의미

김효신 ( Hyo Sin Kim ) 한국이탈리아어문학회(구-한국이어이문학회) 2004 이탈리아어문학 Vol.14 No.-

중국의 이중 언어 정책의 변화와 민족학교 중국어 교수의 도입

임형재 ( Lim Hyung-jae ),김효신 ( Kim Hyo-sin ) 국제어문학회 2015 국제어문 Vol.0 No.65

중국의 소수민족 언어교육에서 이중 언어 교육과 그에 따른 이중 언어를 사용한 교수활동은 최근 10년의 조선족 민족학교의 교육방향 전환과 맞물러 가장 큰 변화의 장을 마련하고 있다. 이렇게 여러 민족 전체에 민감한 문제로 대두되는 것은 그동안 중국 정부가 내세워왔던 중국의 소수민족 언어정책의 변화와도 맞물려 있기 때문이다. 그래서 중국의 교육 정책은 변화에 대한 충분한 논리적 근거를 마련해야 하는 부담을 가지고 있다. 사회의 변화로 인해서 소수민족의 언어를 보호하고 민족어로 교육을 받을 수 있도록 배려함을 내세웠던 중국의 정책은 이제 민족학교에서도 중국어로 수업을 진행해야 함을 요구하고 있다. 또, 많은 민족학교는 학부모와 학생으로부터 대도시의 한족 학교와 경쟁할 수 있는 새로운 민족학교 교육을 요구받고 있다. 민족학교교육에서 사회 변화에 대한 적응과 민족 정체성의 유지라는 두 당위성이 다음 세대의 언어능력과 관련되어 충돌하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 중국에서만 발생하는 것이 아니다. 이중 언어 교육 프로그램에서의 지식의 습득은 제2 언어, 공용어를 통해서 이루어지는 것이 일반적이다. 우리가 말하는 내용 기반 제2 언어 교육이 바로 이런 모습이다. 다만 중국은 민족어 중심 교육을 기반을 유지하면서 내용과 언어 통합 학습으로 전환을 시도하기 때문에 더욱 큰 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 논문은 2014 조선어 교원 초청 연수과정에서 중국 조선족 교원의 간담회를 통한 중국 조선족 민족학교 언어 교수에 관한 정책 방향을 살펴보고자 한다. 그리고 이를 통해 민족학교에 중국어를 이용한 교수 도입의 의미와 타당성을 함께 논의해 보고자 하였다. In China`s language education for the minorities, bilingual education and its related teaching activities are making a big turning point in connection with changes made in the last decade in the educational direction of schools for the Korean Chinese. The reason this becomes a sensitive issue to many minorities is that it interlocks with changes in the language policy for the minorities the Chinese government has long pursued after. So the policy-making authorities are burdened to prepare a logical basis for the changes. Due to social changes, its policy that has protected the languages of minorities and allowed them to be taught in their mother tongue, now requires even the ethnic schools to use Chinese in their classes. Besides, not a few ethnic schools are being asked by both parents and students to have new ethnic education competible with Chinese schools of large cities. Two causes; adaptability to the changing society and continuancy of ethnic identity, are colliding on the issue of next generation`s linguistic capability, which is not the case with China only. Generally, acquisition of knowledge in the bilingual education program takes place through their secondary language, i.e. their commonly-used language. The content-based secondary language education that we speak of looks just like this. In case of China, they suffer more from their trying to make changes to the teaching that integrates contents and language while keeping their ethnic language-centered basis. This thesis looked into the bilingual policies of ethnic schools in China, mainly centering on the ethnic Korean schools in China and intends to discuss the meaning and necessity of introducing Chinese-spoken classes to ethnic schools.

말초조직염증이 흰쥐 척수 및 등쪽뿌리신경절의 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 및 trkB에 미치는 영향

이성락(Sung-Lak Lee),김정기(Jeong-Ki Kim),도미향(Mi-Hyang Do),김효신(Hyo-Sin Kim),이상지(Sang-Ji Lee),김동선(Dong-Sun Kim),조희중(Hee-Jung Cho) 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.6

최근 본 연구자들은 실험동물의 말초조직에 염증을 유발시켰을 때 등쪽뿌리신경절(DRG)에서 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA가 증가하였고 이것은 신경성장인자를 매개로 일어난다고 보고하였다. 이때, 말초조직염증은 DRG 및 척수에서 BDNF를 증가시키며 또한 이 부위에서 trkB mRNA의 발현에 변화를 가져올 것으로 기대되어 본 연구에서는 Freund’s adjuvant를 흰쥐의 한쪽 뒷발바닥에 주사하여 염증을 유발시킨 후 DRG 및 척수에서의 BDNF 면역반응성의 변화를 면역조직화학기법으로, trkB mRNA의 양적변화를 RT-PCR법으로, 또한 in situ hybridization 기법을 이용하여 BDNF mRNA와 preprotachykinin (PPT) mRNA, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) mRNA 혹은 trkB mRNA와의 공존여부를 연구하여 다음의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 말초조직염증을 유발시켰을 때 주사 후 1 및 3일째에 DRG에서 BDNF 면역반응 신경세포의 수가 유의하게 증가하였고 7일 후에는 정상치로 회복되었다. 척수의 경우 등쪽뿔의 층판 I, II, IV 및 V에서 주사 후 1 및 3일째에 BDNF 면역반응 축삭종말의 수가 유의하게 증가하였으며 7일 후에는 정상치로 회복되었다. 2. 말초조직염증을 유발시킨 후 DRG에서는 3일째에 truncated trkB (trkB.T) mRNA의 증가를 볼 수 있었으며 full-length trkB (trkB.FL) mRNA의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 척수의 경우 trkB.T mRNA 및 trkB.FL mRNA의 변화는 없었다. 3. DRG에서는 많은 BDNF mRNA 함유신경세포들이 말초조직염증 유발 후 PPT mRNA 혹은 CGRP mRNA를 공유하였다. 4. DRG의 BDNF mRNA 함유신경세포는 trkB mRNA를 거의 공유하지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보았을 때 BDNF는 말초조직염증에 의한 동통의 전달에 중요한 역할을 할 뿐만 아니라 DRG에서는 측분비기능 (paracrine function)도 가지는 것으로 사료되었다. Recent study showed that peripheral inflammation induced an increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA which was mediated by nerve growth factor in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Therefore, it is conceivable that peripheral inflammation may induce an increase in BDNF synthesis in DRG and consequently enhance the level of BDNF in the spinal cord and that gene expression of trkB mRNA may be altered. In the present study, we evaluated changes in BDNF-immunoreactivity and trkB mRNA in the DRG and spinal cord by means of immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively, following peripheral tissue inflammation produced by intraplantar injection of Freund’s adjuvant into rat paws. In addition, coexistence of BDNF and preprotachykinin (PTT) mRNAs, BDNF and CGRP mRNAs or BDNF and trkB mRNAs in the DRG following inflammation was observed by means of in situ hybridization. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Inflammation induced a significant increase of the number of BDNF-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the ipsilateral DRGs. The increase was observed 1 and 3 days after injection of adjuvant, and the levels had returned to normal by 7 days. In the spinal cord, inflammation also induced an elevation in the expression of BDNF-IR terminals in the medial superficial layers of the ipsilateral dorsal horn and in lamina V 1 and 3 days after injection. 2. There was significant increase of truncated trkB (t-trkB) mRNA in the ipsilateral DRG 3 days following inflammation. Changes in the expression of trkB mRNA in the DRG or trkB and t-trkB mRNAs in the spinal cord were not observed. 3. Many neurons showed increased coexistence of BDNF and PTT mRNAs or BDNF and CGRP mRNAs in the DRG following inflammation. 4. Few neurons showed coexistence of BDNF and trkB mRNAs in the DRG following inflammation. The results suggest a paracrine function for BDNF within the DRG in addition to an important role related with nociception following peripheral inflammation.

Development of the Knowledge-based Systems for Anti-money Laundering in the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit

Kyung-shik Shin(신경식),Hyun-jung Kim(김현정),Hyo-sin Kim(김효신) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2008 지능정보연구 Vol.14 No.2

본 논문은 금융기관을 이용한 자금세탁 및 불법적인 외화유출 방지를 목적으로 자금세탁 관련 혐의거래보고 등 금융정보를 수집하여 심사하는 금융정보분석원에 지식기반시스템을 도입한 사례연구이다. 한정된 심사인력으로 기하급수적으로 증가하는 협의거래보고에 효과적으로 대응하기 위하여 지식기반시스템의 도입은 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 이렇게 구축된 지식기반시스템은 보고된 혐의거래를 여과(filtering)하여 자금세탁혐의가 인정된 정보만을 수사기관에 제공하는 심사 및 분석 업무의 효과성과 효율성을 극대화시킨다. 특히, 금융정보분석원은 여러 금융기관들로부터 보고된 혐의거래정보와 심사분석과정에서 유관기관으로부터 수집된 여러 종류의 정보가 집중되기 때문에 축적된 정보를 체계적으로 관리 및 활용할 수 있는 지식 베이스의 구축이 더욱 필요하다. 금융정보분석원은 많은 정보가 집중되는 만큼 축적된 데이터를 활용하여 자금세탁 관련 지식을 창출하는 업무를 수행해야만 하는 의무도 가지고 있기 때문이다. 이를 위하여 금융정보분석원의 심사분석시스템이 자금세탁방지를 위한 지식의 창출과 지식의 관리 측면까지 고려된 전체적인 프레임워크 하에서 지식기반시스템으로써의 토대를 마련하였다는 점에서 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다. This case study shows constructing the knowledge-based system using a rule-based approach for detecting illegal transactions regarding money laundering in the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KoFIU). To better manage the explosive increment of low risk suspicious transactions reporting from financial institutions, the adoption of a knowledge-based system in the KoFIU is essential. Also since different types of information from various organizations are converged into the KoFIU, constructing a knowledge-based system for practical use and data management regarding money laundering is definitely required. The success of the financial information system largely depends on how well we can build the knowledge-base for the context. Therefore we designed and constructed the knowledge-based system for anti-money laundering by committing domain experts of each specific financial industry co-worked with a knowledge engineer. The outcome of the knowledge base implementation, measured by the empirical ratio of Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) reported to law enforcements, shows that the knowledge-based system is filtering STRs in the primary analysis step efficiently, and so has made great contribution to improve efficiency and effectiveness of the analysis process. It can be said that establishing the foundation of the knowledge base under the entire framework of the knowledge-based system for consideration of knowledge creation and management is indeed valuable.

파열 간세포암에 대해 시행된 외과적 절제술의 성적

이해원 ( Hae Won Lee ),임창섭 ( Chang-sup Lim ),김효신 ( Hyo-sin Kim ) 대한간암학회 2017 대한간암학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Background/Aims: Many recent studies have shown excellent outcomes of surgical resection for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, there are several reports suggesting that a ruptured HCC did not increase the risk for peritoneal dissemination of a tumor after surgical resection. However, the impact of HCC rupture on recurrence and patient survival has not yet been clarified. Methods: The medical data of patients who underwent surgical resection for ruptured HCC in our center between January 2011 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The outcomes of the patients were investigated. Results: Among 128 patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC, 5 patients (3.9%) had a ruptured HCC. All patients underwent elective operation in a stable condition. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed for achieving hemostasis in four patients except one who achieved spontaneous hemostasis. Two patients had tumor recurrence and one patient died due to HCC recurrence during the median follow-up duration of 28.3 months (range, 24.3-62.3 months). One patient who developed late intrahepatic recurrence at 40.0 months after resection was managed well by means of radiofrequency ablation and TACE and is now alive for 5 years without any evidence of viable tumor. However, the other patient who showed early peritoneal seeding at 1.9 months after resection finally died despite aggressive treatments. Conclusions: Rupture of HCC might result in peritoneal seeding of the tumor in the early postoperative stage, which could lead to a poor result. Nonetheless, surgical resection may be the best treatment option yielding good survival, even for a ruptured HCC. (J Liver Cancer 2017;17:54-59)

만성 세균성 전립선염 실험동물 모델에서 catechin과 ciprofloxacin의 상승효과

이용석(Yong-Seok Lee),한창희(Chang-Hee Han),강성학(Sung-Hak Kang),김효신(Hyo-Sin Kim),김세융(Sae-Woong Kim),신옥란(Ok-Ran Shin),조용현(Yong-Hyun Cho) 한국식품과학회 2005 식품과학과 산업 Vol.38 No.3