전통누룩 진균류를 이용한 입국의 제조 및 입국곰팡이의 동정

김재호 ( Jae Ho Kim ),권영희 ( Young Hee Kwon ),이애란 ( Ae Ran Lee ),김혜련 ( Hye Ryun Kim ),안병학 ( Byung Hak Ahn ) 한국균학회 2012 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.40 No.4

다양한 향미를 가진 막걸리의 개발을 위해 전통누룩으로부터 분리한 곰팡이로 입국을 제조한 후 품질특성을 분석하여 입국의 규격에 적합하며 이취가 없고 관능이 우수한 9균주를 입국 제조용 우수균주로 최종 선발하였다. 선발된 균주는 Aspergillus oryzae(C1-5-2-2, C20-7-3, CN1.3.1-4, CN16.19.1-1, N152-1, N220-1), Mycocladus corymbiferus (N162-2), Rhizopus oryzae(N20), Lichtheimia corymbifera (N21)로 동정되었으며, 제조한 입국의 산도는 5.0~6.8, 당화력은 128~241sp이었다. Various koji were prepared by fungi isolated from traditional nuruk and their quality characteristics were investigated. Acidity and saccharification power of their koji were ranged in 5.0~6.8 and 128sp~241sp. Nine fungi which were showed good quality and sensory evaluation were identified by analysis of their nucleotide sequences with PCR-amplified 18S rDNA internal transcribed spacer-1(ITS-1) and ITS-4 genes. Among them, six strains were identified as Aspergillus oryzae and the other strains were identified as Mycocladus corymbiferus, Rhizopus oryzae, Lichtheimia corymbifera.

우리 나라의 사회경제적 사망률 불평등: 1998년도 국민건강영양조사 자료의 사망추적 결과

김혜련,강영호,Kim, Hye-Ryun,Khang, Young-Ho 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.2

Objectives : This study was conducted to examine the relationships of the several socioeconomic position indicators with the mortality risk in a representative longitudinal study of South Korea. Methods : The 1998 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted on a cross-sectional probability sample of South Korean households, and it contained unique 13-digit personal identification numbers that were linked to the data on mortality from the National Statistical Office of Korea. Of 5,607 males and females, 264 died between 1999 and 2003. Cox's regression was used to estimate the relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of mortality. Results: Socioeconomic differences in mortality were observed after adjustments were made for gender and age. Compared with those people having college or higher education, those people without any formal education had a greater mortality risk (RR=2.21, 95% CI=1.12-4.40). The mortality risk among manual workers was significantly greater than that for the non-manual workers (RR=2.73, 95% CI=1.47-5.06). A non-standard employment status was also associated with an increase in mortality: temporary or daily workers had a greater mortality risk than did the full-time workers (RR=3.01, 95% CI=1.50-6.03). The mortality risk for the low occupational class was 3.06 times greater than that of the high and middle occupational classes (95% CI=1.75-5.36). In addition, graded mortality differences according to equivalized monthly household income were found. A reduction of monthly household income by 500 thousand Korean Won (about 400 US dollars) was related with a 20% excess risk of mortality. Self-reported poor living standards were also associated with an increased risk of mortality. Those without health insurance had a 3.63 times greater risk of mortality than the insured (95% CI=1.61-8.19). Conclusions: This study showed the socioeconomic differentials in mortality in a national longitudinal study of South Korea. The existence of socioeconomic mortality inequalities requires increased social discussion on social policies in Korean society. Furthermore, the mechanisms for the socioeconomic inequalities of mortality need to be explored in future studies.

면접조사자료와 사망등록자료 간 교육수준 및 직업계층의 신뢰도

김혜련,강영호,Kim, Hye-Ryun,Khang, Young-Ho 대한예방의학회 2005 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.38 No.4

Objectives : This study was done to evaluate the reliability of education and occupational class between using the health survey and the death certificate data. Methods : The 1998 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted on a cross-sectional probability sample of South Korean households, and it contained unique 13-digit personal identification numbers that were linked to the data on mortality from the Korean National Statistical Office. The data from 263 deaths were used to estimate the agreement rates and the Kappa indices of the education and occupational class between using the NHANES data and the death certificate data. Results : The simple and weighted Kappa indices for education were 0.60 (95% CI=0.53-0.68) and 0.73 (95% CI=0.67-0.79) respectively, if the educational level was grouped into five categories: no-formal-education, elementary-school, middle-school, high-school and college or over. The overall agreement rate was 71.9% for these educational groups. The magnitude of reliability, as measured by the overall agreement rates and Kappa indices, tended to increase with a decrease in the educational class. The number of non-educated people with using the death certificate data was smaller than that with using the NHANES data. For the occupational class (manual workers, non-manual workers and others), the Kappa index was 0.40 (95% CI=0.30-0.51), which was relatively lower than that for the educational class. Compared with the NHANES, the number of non-manual workers for the deceased who were aged 30-64 tended to be increased (8 to 12) when using the death certificate data, whereas the number of manual workers tended to be decreased (59 to 41). Conclusions : The socioeconomic inequalities in the mortality rates that were based on the previous unlinked studies in South Korea were not due to a numerator/denominator bias. The mortality rates for the manual workers and the no-education groups might have been underestimated.

와인의 산미와 침전/와인제조를 지탱하는 신기술: 만노단백질

김혜련,Kim, Hye-Ryun 한국식품연구원 2010 食品技術 Vol.23 No.4

한국과 호주의 암환자를 위한 사회 돌봄 서비스 탐색

김혜련,이규선,Kim, Hye-Ryun,Lee, Gyu-Sun 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2012 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.15 No.1

목적: 암환자는 질병에 대한 정보나 조언뿐 아니라 정서적, 재정적, 실질적인 지지를 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 한국과 호주의 암환자를 위한 사회 돌봄 서비스 제공에 대한 기회와 장애를 살펴보고자 한다. 방법: 한국과 호주의 사회복지사들을 대상으로 이메일을 통해 설문하였으며, Braun과 Clarke의 주제분석방법을 통해 분석하였다. 결과: 양국 모두에서 암환자를 위한 다양한 사회 돌봄 서비스가 제공되고 있었다. 하지만, 한국의 경우는 사회 돌봄에 대한 인식 수준을 우선 높여야 하며, 호주는 보다 개별화된 사회 돌봄 서비스의 제공이 필요했다. 결론: 본 연구결과는 현 상태를 파악하고 약점을 보완하게 함으로써, 궁극적으로 한국과 호주 양국에서 암환자를 위한 사회 돌봄 서비스 개선에 도움이 될 것이다. Purpose: Cancer patients require emotional, financial and practical support as well as information/advice regarding their illness. This study aims to explore opportunities and barriers for the provision of the social support services in Australia and Korea. Methods: The survey was carried out by an email questionnaire for social workers in Australia and Korea, and collected data were analyzed using a thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke. Results: In Australia and Korea, various types of social support were available for cancer patients. However, social support for cancer patients should be better understood first in Korea, and more personalized support is needed in Australia. Conclusion: These findings will ultimately help to improve social support services for cancer patients in Korea an Australia, through grasping the current state and making up for the weak points.

Aspergillus nidulans의 유성분화에 관여하는 nsdC 유전자의 분리 및 분석

김혜련,한동민,Kim, Hye-Ryun,Han, Dong-Min 한국미생물학회 2006 미생물학회지 Vol.42 No.4

사상성 진균인 Aspergillus nidulans에서 유성분화초기단계, 또는 유성분화유도를 위한 세포내 조건 형성과정에 관여할 것으로 예상되는 유전자를 탐색하였다. 선행연구결과를 통해 유성분화를 전혀 하지 못하는 NSD (never in sexual development) 돌연변이주가 분리되어 nsdA, nsdB, nsdC, 그리고 nsdD의 4상 보군으로 동정된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 유전자 중 nsdC 유전자를 분리하고자 A. nidulans AMAl-Not I Genomic DNA library로 nsdC6 돌연변이균주를 형질전환하여 야생형처럼 유성분화를 할 수 있는 형질전환체를 분리하고 이들로부터 약 10 kb genomic DNA가 삽입된 library DNA를 분리하였다. Genomic priming system (GPS)을 이용하여 nsdC6 돌연변이를 상보하는 유전자의 부분 서열을 확보한 후 전체 DNA 염기서열을 결정하였다. 유전자분석 결과 nsdC는 intron 없이 1,929염기(643개의 아미노산)로 구성된 Open reading frame (ORF)를 가지며, 약 1kb 정도의 비교적 긴 5'-UTR 부위에 2개의 intron을 가지고 있음이 확인되었다. 또한 NsdC polypeptide의 중앙에 $C_2H_2C_2H_2C_2HC$ 형의 zinc finger DNA binding domain과 C 말단 부위에 coiled-coil domain이 존재하였다. nsdC6 돌연변이는ORF의 407 bp와 408 bp사이에 엽기 T가 삽입되어 frameshift가 일어난 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 nsdC6 돌연변이균주는 단지 139개 아미노산만 갖고 있는 결실 단백질이 생산됨을 알 수 있었다. A lot of mutants which cannot initiate sexual development were screened and several loci including nsdA, nsdB, nsdC, and nsdD were identified in homothallic ascomycetes Aspergillus nidulans. The NSD206, which has nsdC6 allele, showed typical phenotype of NSD (Never in sexual development) mutants. The nsdC gene was cloned by transforming NSDP697 ($nsdC^-$, $pryG^-$) with AMA1-NotI genomic library. The transforming library DNA recovered from several transformants showing wild phenotype carried about 10 kb genomic DNA insert. The DNA sequence of nsdC was analysed using GPS (Genome priming system). The nsdC gene has an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,929 bp encoding a putative polypeptide of 643 amino acids. The NsdC carries $C_2H_2C_2H_2C_2HC$ type zinc finger DNA binding domains in the middle of the polypeptide. A coiled-coil domain at its C terminus were also found. In nsdC6 allele, a single T insertion was occurred between 407-408 bp leading to the frameshift mutation and early termination of translation producing the truncated protein which has only 139 amino acids.

2015 개정 교육과정 적용을 위한 초등영어 수업 컨설팅 사례: 프로젝트 학습을 중심으로

김혜련(Kim Hye-Ryun) 경인교육대학교 교육연구원 2018 교육논총 Vol.25 No.2

2015 개정 교육과정은 역량 중심 교육과정으로 학생들이 지식을 소유하는 것에서 벗어 나 새로운 상황이나 맥락에서 지식을 활용하고 실생활의 과제를 수행하는 능력을 길러 주는 것을 목표로 한다. 이 연구는 2015 개정 교육과정을 효과적으로 영어교육 현장에 적용하기 위해 프로젝트 기반 학습을 활용하고자 하는 교사의 의뢰에 따라 수행된 컨설 팅 사례에 대한 보고로서, 영어교육과 진로교육의 통합 수업을 위해 프로젝트 학습을 계 획하고 진행하는 과정에서 어려움을 겪는 교사와의 컨설팅 과정을 제시하였다. 컨설팅을 위한 수업진단 도구로는 교수-학습 과정안, 교사 일지, 학생의 학습일지 등이 활용되었 다. 진단 결과 교사의 수업 진행에 있어 세부적인 안내가 부족하고 적절한 수준의 도움 을 제공하지 못하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 컨설턴트의 제안에 따라 컨설팅 후 수업이 이루어졌고, 많은 문제들이 해결되어 교사와 학생의 수업 만족도가 높아진 것으로 확인 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 초등영어 수업에서 프로젝트 학습의 적용과 관련하여 시사점을 제공하고자 하며, 교사의 수업 개선과 전문성 향상을 위해 수업 컨설팅이 더욱 활성화되 기를 기대한다. The 2015 Revised National Curriculum is a competency-based curriculum that aims to foster students ability to use knowledge in new situations and contexts and to carry out real-world tasks. Project-based learning is one of the best teaching methods to effectively apply the 2015 Revised Curriculum to English language teaching. This study reports on a case of consulting in elementary school English lessons in which project-based learning was utilized for the integrated teaching of English education and career education. The client’s lesson plans and teaching journal, and students’ learning logs were used as diagnostic tools for consulting. The results showed that the teacher did not provide detailed guidance on the learning process and did not provide the appropriate level of help. Referring to the consultant’s suggestions, the client changed her lesson plans and teaching strategies, and it was found that consulting contributed to a significant improvement in the client s English teaching skill. Both teacher and students showed increased satisfaction in English lessons. Based on these results, the study provides implications for the application of project-based learning in elementary school English class.

누룩에서 분리한 효모를 이용한 찹쌀발효주의 이화학적 특성 및 휘발성 향기성분

김혜련(Hye-Ryun Kim),권영희(Young-Hee Kwon),조성진(Sung-Jin Jo),김재호(Jae-Ho Kim),안병학(Byung-Hak Ahn) 한국식품과학회 2009 한국식품과학회지 Vol.41 No.3

효모가 찹쌀 발효주에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 전통 누룩에서 분리한 보유효모 Y18-2(Andong), Y54-3(Chungju), Y90-2(Hapchun), Y90-9(Hapchun) Y272-7(Boryung)과 시판효모 LP(La Parisienne, Saccharomyces cerevisiae)를 대조군으로 효모종류를 달리하여 발효주를 제조하여 이화학적 특성과 휘발성 향기성분을 비교하였다. 17일 발효 후 최종 알코올 함량은 모든 술이 시판효모를 이용한 발효주(13.40±0.70%)보다 높게 나타나 양호한 발효상태를 보였으며 pH는 4.06-4.32, 총산은 0.33-0.44% 수준으로 나타났고 아미노산은 Y90-9를 사용한 발효주가 가장 높게 나타났다. 고형분 함량은 시판효모를 이용한 발효주가 가장 높게 나타났고 착색도는 Y90-9를 사용한 발효주가 가장 낮게 나타나 좋았으며 자외부흡수는 Y90-2를 사용한 발효주가 가장 낮게 나타나 쓴맛이 가장 적을 것으로 추측되고 환원당 함량은 고형분 함량이 가장 높았던 시판효모를 이용한 발효주가 가장 높게 나타나 단맛이 가장 강할 것으로 사료된다. 유기산 중 함량이 가장 많은 succinic acid는 Y90-9를 사용한 발효주에서 가장 높게 나타나 감칠맛 성분이 높은 것을 알 수 있었고 좋지 않은 신맛에 기여하는 lactic acid와 acetic acid는 시판효모를 사용한 발효주에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 발효가 진행되면서 생성되는 대표적인 유리당 성분 maltose와 glucose는 환원당 함량이 가장 높았던 시판효모를 이용한 발효주에서 가장 높게 나타났다. GC와 GC-MSD를 사용한 휘발성 향기성분 분석 결과 Alcohol 10종, Ester 19종, Acid 8종, Aldehyde 1종, 기타 1종으로 39종이 검출되었고 Y18-2를 사용한 발효주에서 가장 많은 향기성분이 확인되었다. 시판효모를 이용한 발효주에서는 ethanol의 면적비율이 가장 높은데 반해 Y18-2와 Y90-9를 사용한 발효주에서는 ester류의 면적비율이 가장 높게 나타났으며 그 중 hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester의 면적비율이 가장 높게 나타나 찹쌀 발효주에서 효모 종류에 따른 향기성분의 많은 차이를 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 발효주 제조 시 원료, 담금 방법 및 발효 조건 등을 최적으로 맞추고 향기성분 생성이 우수한 효모를 사용한다면 색, 맛과 함께 향미가 우수한 찹쌀발효주가 제조되리라고 여겨지며 관련된 많은 연구가 요구된다. In order to investigate the effect of different yeasts (La Parisienne (LP), Y18-2, Y54-3, Y90-2, Y90-9 and Y272-7) from nuruks on the quality of Glutinous rice wines, physicochemical properties and volatile flavor components were evaluated. Glutinous rice wines prepared with different yeasts were analyzed for ethanol, pH, total acid, amino acid, soluble solid, coloring degree, UV absorbance, reducing sugar, organic acid, free sugar and volatile compounds. After fermentation for 17 days, the ethanol contents ranged from 13.40 to 14.50%, while the total acid levels were from 0.33 to 0.44%. The amino acid contents in six samples ranged from 0.13 to 0.18%, while soluble solid contents ranged from 12.1 to 14.7oBx. The glutinous rice wine prepared with LP showed the highest level of coloring degree, soluble solid and reducing sugar among six samples. Organic acid contents of the glutinous rice wine prepared with LP had the highest levels of lactic acid and acetic acid, while the glutinous rice wine prepared with Y90-9 had the highest level of succinic acid. In all glutinous rice wines tested, the most abundant free sugars were glucose followed by maltose. Volatile flavor components in the glutinous rice wines were identified by using GC-MSD. Nineteen esters, ten alcohols, eight acids, one aldehyde and one miscellaneous compound were identified in the glutinous rice wines. Using relative peak area, it was found that other than ethyl alcohol, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester was the major component, predominantly found in the range of 2.73-10.41%. Phenylethyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester were some of the major volatile components present through the fermentation, respectively. Overall, it was shown that different yeast strains from nuruks greatly affected chemical and volatile characteristics of the glutinous rice wines.

식민지기 문학교육과 정전 논의 -제2차 조선교육령기(1922~1938) 국어 교과서를 중심으로

김혜련 ( Hye Ryun Kim ) 한국문학교육학회 2009 문학교육학 Vol.28 No.-

Most of discussions of canon are closely adhered to the issue of `value judgement` that is about `what` school teaches? and `how` school teaches?. The reason why this issue is more meaningful in Korean education is that the text `canon` functions as authoritative device which synthesizes each of social members as unified race or uniform people in addition to the simple list of works in textbook. From the viewpoint of the so-called theory of criticizing canon that understands the truce as the list made out to justify the ideology of specific group, the canonicity does not exist as aesthetic completion which absolutely exists like the self-evident fact inside of canon. The canon is the political and ideological structure which is formed in the intimate connection with national education. The author`s intention of investigating literary materials Girls` GoDeungChoSunEoDokBon and ShinPyeonGoDeungChoSunEoGeupHanMunDokBon, which were middles school Korean language textbooks in colonial period, from the angle of `the formation of canon` is also considerably related to an issue of ideological call-over of knowledge. In particular, with the fact that literary materials was called on the National Compilation System, which is institutional device operated by the power of colonial education, from the viewpoint of Korean education history, and it began to be on the list of Korean language textbook, the discussion of Korean language textbook and canon in colonial period has the meaning. From the viewpoint of considering the canon as something privileged with the added value of text by system and power surrounding around text in specific historical situation, it is necessary to call the formation of canon in curriculum after the liberation, and the formation of canon in colonial period together into the field of discussing canon.

만화를 활용한 초등영어 문자언어 지도의 효과

김혜련(Kim Hye-Ryun),강운석(Kang Woon-Seok) 한국초등영어교육학회 2005 초등영어교육 Vol.11 No.1

Cartoons are useful materials for English teaching because they contain plentiful authentic language and prefabricated lexical phrases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using comic strips on children's written English development in the elementary school. For this purpose, two classes of the sixth grade were selected, and one of which was taught using comic strips on Kid Chosun Internet Homepage(http://kid.chosun.com). After the 20 week instruction, two classes were compared in terms of students' abilities in written English and affective areas. The results revealed that the experimental group was better than the control group in English abilities, and showed higher selfconfidence and interest in English This study suggests that authentic materials such as English cartoons need to be more widely used in elementary school English classrooms.