우리나라 중고등학교 청소년의 성별 및 학교 종류별 흡연 결정요인

김현철,김은경,최은실,김유정,이현주,김정주,장형숙,심경선,전상남,강요한,강현석,오주환,조경숙,Kim, Hyun-Cheol,Kim, Eun-Kyong,Choi, Eun-Sil,Kim, Yu-Jeong,Lee, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Jong-Ju,Jang, Hyung-Suk,Shim, Kyung-Seon,Jeon, Sang-Nam,Kang, Yo-Han,Ka 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.5

Objectives: This study assessed the influences of various factors that are related to youth smoking such as gender, age and type of school, and we wanted to provide supporting data for tailored and effective policy initiatives to reduce adolescent smoking. Methods: A self-report survey was conducted on 14,910 teen-age students who were selected based on the nationwide distribution of students in large and small cities and counties, the gender ratio of the students and the ratio of students attending various type of school at 38 middle and high schools in six representative areas of each province. The survey was handled and managed by a health education teacher at each school. Binary and multinomial logistic regression was used in the analyses. Results: Smoking by adolescents was associated with gender, age and even height. Male high school students tended to smoke more than female high school students, but this differences was not significant for middle school students. The older the adolescents were, the more likely that they smoked, except for the female high school students. Height was meaningful for all adolescents, except for the boys at the vocational high schools. Monthly allowance was significant for all adolescents. School factors such as type of school and the students' school performance were also crucial factors. Attending a vocational high school was strongly related to smoking, especially for girls. Students' school performance and the perceived level of stress were strongly associated with smoking, especially for boys. Home factors such as the relationship with parents and conversation time with family members were closely related to smoking behavior. Knowledge about the health hazard of smoking was also found to be strongly related to adolescent smoking. Conclusions: In conclusion, demographic factors, school factors, home surroundings and the perception on the harmfulness of smoking are strongly related to adolescent smoking behavior, but these differ from gender and type of school.

악성 흑색종과 멜라닌 세포성 모반의 bc1 - 2 단백의 발현 양상

김현철,김윤규,채영수,서기석,김상태 ( Hyun Cheol Kim,Yun Kyew Kim,Young Soo Chae,Kee Suck Suh,Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Background; The bcl-2 is a newly known oncogene involved in tumorigenisis by blocking apoptosis or programmed cell death. Overexpression of bcl-2 protein has been detected in a variety of human malignancies. However, recent studies of the expression of bcl-2 protein in human melanoma and melanocytic nevus have been controversial. Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are any differences in the expression of bcl-2 protein between melanocytic nevus and rnalignant melanoma. Methods : Immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2 protein expression was performed on the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 22 melanocytic nevus and 29 malignant melanomas(20 primary and 9 metastatic) using anti bcl-2 monoclonal antibody with an avidin-biotin peroxidase complex procedure. Results : The results were as follows. 1. The positive rate for bcl-2 protein was observed in 95.4% (21/22) of melanocytic nevus and 95.0%(19/20) of primary malignant melanomas. Therefore, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the positive rate for bcl-2 prtoein. 2. The percentage of stained cells and the staining intensity of bcl-2 protein were significantly increased in melanocytic nevus compared to malignant melanoma(p<0.05). 3. The positive rate for bcl-2 expression of metastatic malignant melanoma[44.4% (4/9)] was significantly decreased compared to that of primary malignant melanoma[95.0%(19/20) ](p<0. 05). But, there was no significant difference betweeen tumor thickness and histological type of malignant, melanoma in the expression of bcl-2 protein. 4. In melanocytic nevus, immunoreactivity of bcl-2 protein gradually diminished or even disappeared towards the deep dermis Conclusion : the bcl-2 expression was decreased in malignant melanoma compared to melanocytic nevus. It. suggests that the loss of bcl-2 expression may play a significant role in the progression and metastasis of malignant melanoma. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(2): 284-291)

스마트폰 특성에 따른 구매의도에 보조금 규제 정책이 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김현철,최문경,김광용,Kim, Hyun-Cheol,Choi, Moon-Kyung,Gim, Gwang-Yong 서비스사이언스학회 2014 서비스연구 Vol.4 No.1

스마트폰 시장이 성숙기에 들어서면서 시장규모와 보급률이 다소 감소하고 있지만, 스마트폰은 여전히 우리생활에서 가장 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있는 생활필수품이다. 최근 스마트폰과 관련된 주요 이슈들 중 가장 쟁점이 되는 것이 바로 정부의 보조금 규제 정책에 관한 내용이라 할 수 있다. 이에 스마트폰 특성에 따른 구매의도에 정부의 규제 정책이 어떻게 영향을 주는가를 알아보고 더 나아가 정부 정책 방향에 대해 제언을 하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 스마트폰 특성에 관한 기존의 연구를 기반으로 기능적 특성 중에서 기능성, 경제적 특성 중에서 가격과 전환비용이 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 정부의 규제정책에 대해 찬성하는 그룹을 대상으로 정부의 보조금 규제정책이 구매의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 연구 결과 기능성, 가격, 전환비용은 구매의도에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으나 보조금 규제 정책은 구매의도에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. Since smartphone market got matured, market size and penetration rate are decreased. But smartphone is still one of most important daily commodities today. These days, most important issue about smartphone is the government regulation of subsidies. Therefore how smartphone subsidies marketing and government regulation affect purchasing intention and furthermore advise on government policy is the purpose of this research. In terms of characteristic of smartphone, this research analysed functional characteristic, service characteristic, and economical characteristic studied previously. And also studied about how government regulation affects purchasing intention on the group agrees regulation. As a result, functionality, price and converting cost has significant relationship with purchase intention, but government regulation on subsidies doesn't.

다크 투어리즘을 활용한 문화관광 산업화 방안에 관한 연구 - 한말 호남 의병사(義兵史)를 중심으로 -

김현철,류준호,하규수,Kim, Hyun-Cheol,Yoo, Jun-Ho,Ha, Kyu-Soo 한국벤처창업학회 2011 벤처창업연구 Vol.6 No.1

21세기는 지식과 정보의 창출 및 활용이 모든 경제활동의 핵심이 되는 지식기반 경제로 접어들고 있다. 이 시대의 문화는 단순히 인문학적 개념의 문화를 벗어나 산업성이 강조된 문화로의 모습을 확보함으로 사회적 역할을 배가시키고 있다. 문화산업, 문화콘텐츠 산업에 대한 관심 확대는 중앙정부는 물론 대다수 지방정부에서 지역경제 활성화의 명분아래 진흥하고 있는 사업이 되고 있다. 문화산업은 한 국가나 사회의 고유한 문화적 내용을 창조적인 기획력을 바탕으로 재창조해 내는 산업으로 대표적인 고위험 고수익(high risk and high return)산업이며 창조산업과 벤처산업의 특성이 어우러진 독특한 산업적 특성을 지니고 있다는 점이다. 이러한 시대와 산업적인 흐름에 일조 할 수 있는 우리의 소중한 문화자산이며 역사인 의병운동사는 또 하나의 원천 자원이 될 것이다. 역사적으로 보면 외부의 침략으로부터 나라를 구하기 위하여 자발적으로 일어난 의병운동은 우리의 가장 진솔한 민족문화의 하나 일 것이다. 우리나라는 과거부터 수많은 외침으로부터 나라를 지켜왔다. 임진의병, 정유의병 그리고 구한말의병으로 이어져 오는 그 정신과 문화 그리고 관련 유적 등은 전국 방방곡곡에 산재해 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 이러한 의병운동을 문화관광산업과 연계 할 수 있는 방안과 활성화를 위한 방안을 제시하고자 한다. The 21st century, the creation and utilization of knowledge and information are the core of all economic activity, knowledge-based economy is plunging into. Culture can not live without knowing the age of culture and national spirit of a nation's cultural assets. Closed for other cultures, countries can develop a culture that is neither marked by imitation and import of cultural industries can never be developed. Creative and diverse culture of its own cultural code, evenly balanced mix of social culture is really the cultural and creative culture. Central government and local government-led growth in the local economy in terms of competitive cultural industry development policy has been carried out. In general, a country or society, culture, industry, the creation of a unique cultural and Planning on the basis of information deliquescent recreated a typical high-risk high returns to pay the venture industry and the nature of the creative industries and the venture industry a unique mix of industrial Characteristic is that it has. These times and the industry can contribute to the flow of valuable cultural assets and a history of our righteous living and exercise will be a source of resources.

All - Trans - retinoic Acid와 Ursolic Acid가 배양된 인체 진피 섬유모세포에서 자외선 A 조사에 의한 AP - 1 ( Fos / Jun ) 활성도에 미치는 영향

김현철,양준성,채영수,서기석,김상태 ( Hyun Cheol Kim,Joon Sung Yang,Young Soo Chae,Kee Suck Suh,Sang Tae Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1997 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.35 No.6

Backgrpund : Recently, UVB irradiation was found to activat,e AP-1, which is known to be a major enhancer factor of the collagenase gene. However, tbe effect of UVA irradiation on the activity of AP 1 in derrnal fibroblasts is unclear. Although all trans-retinoic acid(tRA) has been known to prevent. the AP 1 and collagenase stimulatory effect of UVB irradiation, the effect of tRA and ursolic acid(UsA) on the enhancement of AP-1 activity hy UVA irradiat.ion is unknown. Objective : In this stuc y, the effect of UVA irradiation on the AP-1 activity in cultured human dermal fibroblasts was studied. The effect. of tRA and UsA on the enhancement of AP-1 act,ivity by UVA irradiation was also investigated. Methods : Confluent human dermal fibroblast.s were irradiated with 15J/cm of UVA. Drugs were administered and kept in a culture rnedia for 12 hrs before or immediately after UVA irra diation. Nuclear protein extracts were isolated 12 hrs after UVA irradiation and were subjected to gel retardation assay ising oligolabeled DNA probe for AP l binding site. Results : 1. The activity of AP -1 was increased by UVA irradiation and prominent activation was detected at 6 and 12 hrs postirradiation. 2. Compared to the UVA irradiated group, tRA and the high concentration(10-5M) of UsA administered before or al ter UVA irradiation inhibited the increase of AP-1 activity. Conclusion : These res ilts suggest that UVA irradiation enhance the AP-1 activity, which is known to be a major er hancer factor of the collagenase gene, and tRA and UsA dov,nregulate the 1JVA induced AP-l ctivit.y enhancement. (Korean J Dermatol 1997;35(6): 1136-1142)

직접패턴형 SnO₂ 박막의 전도성 나노구조체 첨가연구

김현철,박형호,Kim, Hyun-Cheol,Park, Hyung-Ho 한국재료학회 2010 한국재료학회지 Vol.20 No.10

There have been many efforts to modify and improve the properties of functional thin films by hybridization with nano-sized materials. For the fabrication of electronic circuits, micro-patterning is a commonly used process. For photochemical metal-organic deposition, photoresist and dry etching are not necessary for microscale patterning. We obtained direct-patternable $SnO_2$ thin films using a photosensitive solution containing Ag nanoparticles and/or multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). The optical transmittance of direct-patternable $SnO_2$ thin films decreased with introduction of nanomaterials due to optical absorption and optical scattering by Ag nanoparticles and MWNTs, respectively. The crystallinity of the $SnO_2$ thin films was not much affected by an incorporation of Ag nanoparticles and MWNTs. In the case of mixed incorporation with Ag nanoparticles and MWNTs, the sheet resistance of $SnO_2$ thin films decreased relative to incorporation of either single component. Valence band spectral analyses of the nano-hybridized $SnO_2$ thin films showed a relation between band structural change and electrical resistance. Direct-patterning of $SnO_2$ hybrid films with a line-width of 30 ${\mu}m$ was successfully performed without photoresist or dry etching. These results suggest that a micro-patterned system can be simply fabricated, and the electrical properties of $SnO_2$ films can be improved by incorporating Ag nanoparticles and MWNTs.

Polyaniline 필름의 산화환원 특성 및 리튬 2차 전지 응용

김현철,박영철,구할본 ( Hyun Cheol Kim,Young Chul Park,Hal Bon Gu ) 한국전기전자재료학회 1997 한국전기전자재료학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.1997 No.1

중앙 큐 기반의 루프 스케쥴링 기법의 설계 및 구현

김현철,김효철,유기영,Kim, Hyun-Chul,Kim, Hyo-Cheol,Yoo, Kee-Young 대한전자공학회 2001 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.38 No.5

본 논문에서는 루프의 반복들간에 종속 관계가 존재하는 루프의 효율적 수행을 위한 중앙 큐 기반의 새로운 할당 기법 CDSS(Carreid-Dependence Self Scheduling)를 제안하며, 이를 공유 메모리 환경에서 Java 언어로 구현하였다. 또한, 중앙 작업 큐 기반의 병렬 루프를 위한 셀프 스케쥴링(self-scheduling) 기법들을 루프 캐리 종속성(loop-carried dependence)을 가진 루프의 할당에 적용하기 위한 그들의 변형에 대해 알아본다. 제안된 기법은 종속 거리에 따른 동기화 시점을 고려하여 루프를 세 단계별로 할당하는 셀프 스케쥴링 기법이다. 단일처리기 시스템을 포함한 여러 플랫폼에 적용하기 위해 제안된 방법과 변형된 기법들을 스레드 레벨로 구현하였다. 응용 프로그램과 시스템 파라메터 값을 다양하게 하여 변형된 기법들과 비교 분석한 결과, 제안된 기법은 변형된 다른 기법들에 비해 스케쥴링 오버헤드를 포함한 전체 루프의 수행 시간을 줄여 효율적이다. 변형된 SS, Factoring, GSS, CSS에 대해 각각 0.02, 40.5, 46.1, 53.6%의 성능 향상을 보였다. 그리고, CDSS 기법으로 다양한 응용 프로그램에 대해 종속 거리에 해당하는 적은 수의 스레드를 사용하여 최대의 성능을 얻을 수 있다. In this paper, we present a new scheduling method called CDSS(Carried-Dependence Self-Scheduling) for efficiently execution of the loop with intra dependency between iterations based on the central queue. We also implemented it on shared memory system using Java language. Also, we study the modification that converts the existing self-scheduling method based on the central task queue for parallel loops onto the same form applied to loop with loop-carried dependences. The proposed method is self scheduling and assigns the loops in three-level considering the synchronization point according to the dependence distance of the loops. To adapt the proposed scheme and modified methods into various platforms, including a uni-processor system, we use threads for implementation. Compared to other assignment algorithms with various changes of application and system parameters, CDSS is found to be more efficient than other methods in overall execution time including scheduling overheads. CDSS shows improved performance over modified SS, Factoring, GSS and CSS by about 0.02, 40.5, 46.1 and 53.6%, respectively. In CDSS, we achieve the best performance on varying application programs using a few threads, which equal the dependence distance.

홍채고정용 안내렌즈의 임상성적

김현철,이세엽,심창보,Hyun-Cheol Kim,Se-Youp Lee,Chang Bo Shim 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.2

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the clinical results of iris-fixed phakic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (Artisan? implantation) in patients with high myopia. Methods: Eighteen eyes of 10 patients underwent Artisan? implantation between December 2001 and February 2003 and were followed up for more than 6 months. The study prospectively analyzed the efficacy, safety and predictability of Artisan? implantation based on visual acuity and refractive errors. Results: The preoperative mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.02, and mean spherical equivalent refraction was -9.98D. Postoperative uncorrected vision was more than 0.5 in 83.3% of the eyes at 1 month and in 100% after 3 months. Also it was more than 0.9 in 22.2% of the eyes at 1 month, in 50.0% at 3 months and in 88.9% at 6 months. The spherical equivalent refraction after surgery was within 0.5D of emmetropia in 77.8% of eyes at 1 month, in 94.4% at 3 months and in 100% at 6 months. Also it was within 1.0D of emmetropia in 94.4% at 1 month and in 100% after 3 months. Complications included temporary glare or halo in 3 eyes, transient elevation of intraocular pressure in 1 eye, and decentration of IOL due to incomplete iris-fixation in 1 eye. Conclusions: Because of its good visual results and rare complications, the Artisan? implantation may be an effective surgical procedure for patients who cannot undergo laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

축구손상과 예방

김현철,김헝수,Kim Hyun Cheol,Kim Hyung Soo 대한정형외과스포츠의학회 2004 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

대중적 구기종목인 축구는 동호회원의 증가로 환자 발생이 많아지는 추세에 있다. 축구에 대한 전반적인 이해를 돕고, 축구 기술의 생체역학적인 면과 손상과의 관계를 고찰하여 예방조치를 취하는데 도움이 되고자 하였다. 실외축구, 풋살, 여자축구 등과 Kick, Pass, Heading 등 기술과 관련된 손상, 특히 최근 논란이 되고 있는 머리부상에 대해서도 문헌고찰 등을 통해 검토하였다. The Football, popular spots in korea, increasing population to participate club activity caused various injuries with the consequence. Investigating relationship between biomechanics of the skills using football and injuries, we propose helpful methods to prevent injuries. Also authors point out the differences between outdoor and indoor football and women's football, and study skills using football like kick, pass, heading and head injury with researching literatures.