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김지흥,Kim, Ji Heung 대한화학회 1996 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.17 No.1
Mono-, or di-substituted chlorodicyanovinyl benzene compound was reacted with an excess amount of ethylenediamine to give corresponding imidazoline product with high reaction yield. This reaction occurs by stable imidazoline ring-forming process through nucleophilic attack of terminal amine on the enaminonitrile adduct, the reaction intermediate, toward electropositive enamine carbon, which is accompanied by the release of neutral malononitrile moiety. The similar reaction with 1,2-phenylenediamine produced stable enaminonitrile-amine adduct at lower temperature which could be cyclized intramolecularly to thermally stable benzimidazole at elevated temperature in solution or in solid state. From the difunctional compound of both reactants, poly(enaminonitrile-amine) could be prepared as a new soluble precursor polymer for well-known polybenzimidazole (PBI). The thermal cyclization reaction accompanying the release of malononitrile molecules was studied using thermalanalysis and infrared spectroscopy.
Hydroxy-Substituted Polyenaminonitrile as a Soluble Precursor for Rigid-Rod Polybenzoxazole
김지흥,이재관,Kim, Ji Heung,Lee, Jae Gwan Korean Chemical Society 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.9
(1-Chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene or 1,4-bis(1-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene was reacted with 2-amino-phenol to give the model compound, hydroxy enaminonitrile, which was found to undergo thermal cyclization reaction to form the corresponding benzoxazole. This intramolecular cyclization reaction is expected to occur through nucleophilic attack to electropositive enamine carbon by ortho-hydroxy group on the phenyl ring, which is accompanied by the release of neutral malononitrile through rearrangement. From each bifunctional monomer, o-hydroxy substituted polyenaminonitrile was prepared and characterized as a new precursor polymer for well-known aromatic polybenzoxazole. Also the unusual macrocyclic dimer formation from the 1,4-bis(1-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene and 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane polymerization reaction system was discussed. The thermal cyclization reactions and the properties of polymers were investigated using FT-IR and thermal analysis (DSC & TGA).
김지흥(Ji Heung Kim),안중현(Jung Hyun Ahn),전영실(Young Sil Jeon),정동준(Dong June Chung) 한국고분자학회 2011 폴리머 Vol.35 No.1
생체 적합하고 온도 및 pH에 대한 민감성을 갖는 하이드로젤로서 Pluronic과 acrylic acid(AAc) 공단량체를 도입한 개질 PHEMA 가교젤을 광중합법을 사용하여 제조하고 그 팽윤거동을 조사하였다. 하이드로젤에 도입된 온도민감성 Pluronic의 영향 때문에 낮은 온도에서는 높은 팽윤거동을 보이다가 졸-젤 전이 이상의 온도에서 젤 수축이 일어나고 팽윤비의 감소가 나타났다. 한편 이온성의 AAc 공단량체의 도입과 함량 증가에 따라 하이브리드 젤의 팽윤비는 증가하였으며, 이들 구조가 갖는 일정 pH 영역에서 이온화 영향으로 pH에 민감한 팽윤거동을 나타내었다. 한편 SEM을 통해 하이드로젤의 다공성 모폴로지 변화를 관찰하였다. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), PHEMA, hybrid gels containing Pluronic and acrylic acid (AAc) were prepared as new biocompatible and stimuli-responsive hydrogels by photo-polymerization technique. The prepared hybrid gel showed reversible, temperature-responsive swelling behavior due to the presence of Pluronic component, which underwent sol-gel transition at an elevated temperature to cause gel shrinkage. The hydrogel also exhibited increased swelling degrees and pH-sensitivity due to the AAc component with ionizable carboxylic acid groups. The microporous gel morphology and its changes upon stimuli was observed by scanning electron microscopy.
아미노산 곁사슬 치환 폴리아스팔트산계 생분해성 고흡수성 젤의 제조와 물성
김지흥(Ji Heung Kim),손창모(Chang Mo Son),전영실(Young Sil Jeon) 한국고분자학회 2011 폴리머 Vol.35 No.6
생체적합하고 생분해성을 갖는 폴리아미노산의 하나인 폴리아스팔트산은 팹타이드 결합으로 이루어진 수용성 합성고분자로서 의료용 소재 및 다양한 응용분야의 연구가 흥미있게 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 아미노산인 GABA(γ-aminobutylic acid)와 β-alanine을 곁사슬에 도입한 폴리아스팔트산 유도체 고분자를 제조하고, 이들을 서로 다른 함량의 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether(EGDE)를 사용하여 가교시켜 고흡수성 하이드로젤을 제조하였 다. 각 하이드로젤에 대해 증류수와 PBS 용액에서 기본적인 팽윤물성, 젤의 가수분해 거동과 모폴로지를 조사하였 다. 제조한 하이드로젤은 수용액에서 pH와 염(salt) 농도에 의존하는 민감성 팽윤거동을 보였으며, 또한 비교적 빠 른 가수분해 거동을 나타내었다. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of poly(amino acid) make them ideal candidates for many bio-related applications. Poly(aspartic acid), PASP, is one of synthetic water-soluble polymers with proteinlike structure, and has been extensively explored for the potential industrial and biomedical applications due to its biodegradable, biocompatible and pH-responsive properties. In this work, amino acid-conjugated PASPs were prepared by aminolysis reaction onto polysuccinimide (PSI) using γ-aminobutylic acid(GABA) and β- alanine methyl ester and a subsequent hydrolysis process. Their chemical gels were prepared by crosslinking reaction with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE). The hydrogels were investigated for their basic swelling behavior, hydrolytic degradation and morphology. The crosslinked gels showed a responsive swelling behavior, which was dependent on pH and salt concentration in aqueous solution, and relatively fast hydrolytic degradation.
도파민 수식 폴리아스팔트산 고흡수성 하이드로젤의 팽윤 거동과 납(Pb) 이온 흡착 물성
서지호(Ji-Ho Seo),이재상(Jae Sang Lee),김지흥(Ji-Heung Kim) 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.6
최근 해수 산업폐수 등의 수계로부터 중금속 이온의 제거 및 회수를 위한 기술로서 고분자 하이브리드 젤을 이용한 흡착법이 매우 효과적인 방법의 하나로 대두되었다. 본 연구에서는 카테콜(catechol) 그룹을 포함하는 도파민(dopamine)으로 수식된 폴리아스팔트산, PASP-DOP, 고흡수성 하이드로젤을 제조하고, 그 팽윤 거동과 금속이온 특히 납이온, Pb(II), 에 대한 흡착 물성을 수식이 안된 PASP 젤과 비교적으로 조사하였다. 카테콜 그룹은 여러 다른 중금속 이온에 대해 강한 배위 결합능을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다. PASP-DOP 젤은 40~70 g/g의 수팽윤비를 갖고, Pb(II) 금속이온에 대해 매우 높은 흡착능을 나타내었다. 흡착 거동에 미치는 접촉시간, 서로 다른 pH, 온도, 및 농도의 영향을 조사하였다. SEM과 FTIR을 통해 젤의 다공성 모폴로지 및 금속이온과 고분자 구조간의 상호 interaction을 고찰하였으며, 또한 농도에 따른 흡착량 데이터로부터 흡착 isotherm을 이론식에 적용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구결과로부터 PASP와 PASP-DOP 가교젤이 폐수 중의 납이온 제거에 효과적인 흡착제로 응용 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Adsorption using polymeric hybrid gels is regarded as one of the most effective methods to remove heavy metal-ions from aqueous solution. In this work, superabsorbent gel based on dopamine (containing catechol group) conjugated polyaspartate (PASP-DOP) was prepared, and the swelling behavior and the metal-ion adsorption, specifically for Pb(II), properties of PASP-DOP gel were investigated as compared with unmodified PASP gel. The catechol functional groups are known to exhibit a strong non-covalent binding to various heavy metal ions. PASP-DOP gel possessed swelling degrees in the range of 40~70 g/g in water, and exhibited very high adsorption capacity for lead ion. The effects of contact time, pH, temperature, and metal-ion concentration on the adsorption were investigated. The gel morphology and interaction between polymer and metal-ion were characterized by using SEM and FTIR spectroscopy, and also the related adsorption isotherm was analyzed by using theoretical models. The results indicate that PASP and PASP-DOP can be used as an effective adsorbent for the treatment of waste water contaminated with Pb(II) ions.