시각적 연출에 의한 3D 입체 애니메이션 표현 연구

김정현    (Kim, Jung-Hyun) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2012 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.26

애니메이션의 목적은 움직임을 통해 재미있는 스토리를 관객에게 전달하는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 애니메이션은 탄생 이후 지금까지 100여년 이상의 시간동안 수많은 기술들을 도입하면서 다양한 내러티브 방법과 시각 표현 방법을 개발해 왔다. 또한 표현 기술력이 발달하면서 애니메이션을 구성하는 모든 요소들도 점점 체계화되어 왔고, 동시에 현실 그 이상의 세계를 표현할 수 있도록 해 주었다. 말 그대로 애니메이션을 제작하는 감독이 상상하는 모든 것들을 스크린을 통해 관객이 눈으로 볼 수 있는 시대가 된 것이다. 그리고 현재에는 애니메이션을 관람하는 관객이 마냥 프레임 안에서 움직이는 그림에 의해 즐거움을 느끼게 되는 시대를 넘어서도록 많은 노력이 이루어지고 있다. 즉, 수동적으로 바라보는 애니메이션을 넘어 관객이 직접 느끼며, 체감하는 애니메이션으로 목적성이 변화하고 있다는 것이다. 이런 과정에서 그 중심에 3D 입체라는 기술이 애니메이션의 새로운 즐거움을 표현할 수 있도록 해주고 있다. 얼마 전, 국내에서도 극장용 3D 입체 애니메이션이 제작되었으나, 해외의 3D 입체 애니메이션과 같은 완성도 높은 영상미를 기대했던 관객에게새로운 즐거움을 주지 못해 흥행 면에서 이렇다 할 성적을 거두지 못하였다. 이것은 국내의 입체 애니메이션 제작 산업이 아직 초보적인 단계에 불과하여 3D 입체 애니메이션 제작에 대한 인력 및 기술, 경험이 절대적으로 부족한 상태에서 제작되었기 때문이다. 그리고 대부분의 입체에 대한 연구가 재현 기술적 문제에 집중되어 있어 관객들이 직접적으로 접하게 되는 영상 그 자체에 대한 연구 또한 부족하거나 미흡한 실정인 것도 커다란 문제라 할 수 있다. 이러한 국내 상황 속에서 2010년에 개봉되었고, 현재까지 최고의 3D 입체 애니메이션 흥행작으로 손꼽히고 있는 드림웍스 작품인 <드래곤 길들이기>의 입체영상 화면은 연구될 가치가 충분하다 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 양질의 국내 3D 입체 애니메이션 제작 및 전문 인력 양성 시 기초자료로 활용되고자 풍부한 입체감을 전달하기 위해 화면을 담아내는 시각적 연출을 중심으로 이론적 고찰과 사례를 분석하여 연구하였다. 그 결과 3D 입체 애니메이션은 새로운 분야가 아닌 기존 영상미학의 원리를 기반으로 입체영상의 특성이 적용되어져 확장되고 변화된 영역인 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구를 통해 실재감 재현을 위한 3D 입체 애니메이션 콘텐츠 제작에 필요한 이론적 기초연구의 토대를 구축하는데 도움이 될 것으로 본다. The purpose of animation is to give interesting stories to an audience through motion. To achieve the purpose, over the past century since its inception, animation has adopted many kinds of technologies, and thus developed diverse narrative methods and visual expression techniques. In addition, with the advancement of expression techniques, all elements making up animation have gradually been systemized, and at the same time, have helped express the worlds beyond the reality. As a result, people have faced the era when an audience can watch everything imaginated by an animation director on a big screen. These days, more efforts have been made in order for the audience to feel much more than enjoy pictures moving in a frame. In other words, the purpose of the animation is changing from the passive viewing of animation to feeling and sensing stuffs through the animation. In the center of the changing process is 3D technology which gives new interesting to an audience. Sometime ago, a 3D animation movie was produced in Korea. But it did not bring out box-office profits, for it failed to give satisfaction to an audience who expected high perfection and beauty being able to be rivalled to those of international 3D animation movies. The failure is attributable to the fact that the domestic 3D animation production industry is merely in the early stage, and has not sufficient human resources, technology, and experiences in producing 3D animation films. Moreover, the problem is that most studies on 3D focus on the technologies related to reenactment, but that few studies on the images, which an audience directly faces, have been conducted. Under the domestic circumstance, the study on stereoscopic image screen of <How to Train Your Dragon>, a 3D stereoscopic animation film which was released in 2010 and has been seen as the best successful 3D stereoscopic animation, is worthwhile. Thus this thesis conducted theoretical consideration and case analysis focusing on the visual direction that creates the pictures to deliver abundant three dimensional effect so that it can be used as a basic data when producing high quality-domestic 3D animation and training professional labor forces. In the result, it was found that the 3D animation was not a new area, but the area which has been expanded and changed by applying the characteristics of 3D image based on the principles of the existing media aesthetics. This study might be helpful to establish the foundation of the theoretical studies necessary for producing 3D animation contents for realizing the sense of reality.

벌독으로 인한 혈청병 양상의 두드러기 및 맥관부종 치험 1례

김정현,강다혜,김지영,임해원,김자헌,권강,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Kang, Da-Hae,Kim, Jee-Young,Lim, Hae-Won,Kim, Ja-Heon,Kwon, Kang 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2011 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objective : This study was performed to prove the effect of the oriental medical treatments on urticaria and angioedema caused from serum sickness reaction by bee venom. Method : We treated one case of urticaria and angioedema with oriental medical treatments such as 8 constitution acupuncture, herbal medicine, venesection therapy and facial pack therapy. We took pictures through the treatment to evaluate the improvement. Six items, itching, burning sensation, pain, wheal, redness, edema were used to diagnose urticaria and angioedema. Result & Conclusion : After treatments the urticaria and angioedema were improved. The symptom of itching, heating, pain, wheal, redness of whole body and facial edema disappeared.

뇌졸중 위험지표로서의 혈중 지질에 대한 환자;대조군 연구

김정현,강경원,유병찬,최선미,백혜기,임승민,안정조,설인찬,김윤식,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Kang, Kyung-Won,Yu, Byeong-Chan,Choi, Sun-Mi,Baek, Hye-Ki,Lim, Seung-Min,An, Jung-Jo,Seol, In-Chan,Kim, Yoon-Sik 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

Background and purpose : Stroke is one of the most deadly diseases and a leading cause of disability. Lipids confer an increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In spite of many studies on the relationship between stroke and lipids, their relationship is not clear. This study was undertaken to determine whether lipids were associated with stroke. Method : We compared the components of blood lipids between stroke patients group (n=217,Cases), non-stroke control group (n=160, Controls) and healthy control group without hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, or hyperlipidemia (n=140, Normals). These data were statically analyzed by general linear models and binary logistic regression analysis to get each adjusted odds ratio. Result : The results were as follows. The blood levels of total cholesterol (T-Chol), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Chol) were significantly higher in patients of ischemic stroke, while the blood levels of T-Chol and LDL-Chol were significantly lower, and the blood levels of TG significantly higher in patients of hemorrhagic stroke. The blood level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Chol) was significantly lower in all cases. Conclusion : These results suggest that high TG and low HDL-Chol may be risk factors of hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, high T-Chol and LDL-Chol may be risk factors of ischemic stroke, and low T-Chol and LDL-Chol may be risk factors of hemorrhagic stroke in Koreans.

제습순기탕(除濕順氣湯)이 고지혈증(高脂血症) 병태(病態) 모델에 미치는 영향(影響)

김정현,조현경,유호룡,설인찬,김윤식,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Jo, Hyun-Kyung,Yoo, Ho-Rhyong,Seol, In-Chan,Kim, Yoon-Sik 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

Objectives : This experiment was performed to determine the effects of the Jeseubsungi-tang(JSSGT) on hyperlipidemia-induced by hypercholesterolemic diet in mice. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with a hypercholesterolemic diet for 6 weeks. Experimental group was treated with $150mg/d{\ell}$ concentrations of JSSGT for 4 weeks (once a day). Results: JSSGT-treated mice showed a body weight decrease compared to normal group. JSSGT-treated mice showed a significant decrease in cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT and LDL-cholesterol levels compared to hyperlipidemia-induced control group. However, HDL-cholesterol levels in JSSGT-treated group significantly increased compared to the hyperlipidemia-induced control group. Conclusion : These results suggest that JSSGT is effective in treating hyperlipidemia. Because only hyperlipidemic mice were studied, further research is needed.

과루인약침(瓜蔞仁藥鍼)이 Ovalbumin-induced Asthma Mouse Model에 미치는 영향(影響)

김정현,백경민,이현의,김종원,오병열,조현경,유호룡,김윤식,설인찬,심재철,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Baek, Kyung-Min,Lee, Hyun-Eui,Kim, Jong-Won,Oh, Byeong-Yeol,Jo, Hyun-Kyung,Yoo, Ho-Rhyong,Kim, Yoon-Sik,Seol, In-Chan,Shim, Jae-Chul 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Trichosanthis Semen Herbal-acupuncture(TS-HA) at Joksamni(ST36) on ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin(OVA) once a week for twelve weeks. The experimental group was treated with 1% concentrations of TS-HA at Joksamni(ST36) three times a week for the last eight weeks. Results : 1. The weight and total lung cells of the mice in the group treated with TS-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 2. Total leukocytes and eosinophils in Bronchoalveoler-lavage fluid(BALF) of the mice in the group treated with TS-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 3. Eosinophils in BALF of the mice in the group treated with TS-HA in photomicrographs decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 4. According to histological analysis of lung sections, adhension of collagen in TS-HA decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 5. The concentration of IgE, IL-4, IL-5 in BALF and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in serum of the mice in the group treated with TS-HA decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 6. The number of $Gr-^+/CD11b^+,\;CD11b^+,\;CD3e^-/CCR3^+,\;CD4^+,\;CD8^+\;CD3e^+/CD69^+,\;CD23^+/B220^+\;cells$ in the lungs of the mice in the group treated with TS-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. Conclusion : These results suggest that Trichosanthis Semen-herbal acupuncture at Joksamni(ST36) done on C57BL/6 mice is effective in part in relieving OVA-induced asthma in C57BL/6 mice.

쉴드터널의 사다리꼴 세그먼트라이닝 배열방법 개선에 대한 연구

김정현,강경진,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Kang, Kyung-Jin 한국터널지하공간학회 2007 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 쉴드터널 공사시 사용되는 사다리꼴 세그먼트라이닝의 배열방법에 관한 것이다. 사다리꼴 세그먼트라이닝은 공장에서 기제작된 Taper를 가진 콘크리트 세그먼트를 터널내에 반입과 동시에 조립하므로써 형성되는데, 이렇게 형성된 사다리꼴 세그먼트라이닝은 회전조립시 Taper량의 계산에 의하여 단 한가지 타입으로 다양한 터널노선에 맞는 배열을 가능하게 하므로 세그먼트에 의한 터널시공시 가장 효율적인 공법이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 사다리꼴 세그먼트라이닝의 설계제원 및 터널 노선의 선형(직선 혹은 곡선)의 조건을 분석하여 터널선형에 맞는 배열방법을 고안하고 실제 터널내에서 작업자가 활용할 수 있는 컴퓨터 프로그램을 제작하여 자동으로 배열순서를 결정하는 원리에 대하여 설명하고자 한다.또한,가변하는 실제 터널내에서 작업자가 세그먼트라이닝의 배치상태를 측정한 값이 컴퓨터 프로그램에서 계산된 결과와 상이할 때 작업자는 측정한 데이터를 컴퓨터 프로그램에 입력하여 프로그램의 계산상태를 실제 세그먼트 조립상태로 일치시킨 후, 다음 세그먼트라이닝의 배열자료로 사용하여 연속된 작업이 되도록 하는 방법을 제공하는 것이 본 연구의 기술적 요지이다. This study is about an arrangement method of trapezoidal pre-cast segment lining that can be applied in shield tunnel construction. Trapezoidal segment lining is formed by assembling tapered pre-cast concrete segments taking advantage of the tapered shape of pre-cast segments upon delivery on site. By calculating tapering of the segments manufactured in single type and rotating the segments when putting them together, a variety of tunnel alignments can be arranged in the most efficient way. Once the design criteria and tunnel alignment (straight or curved) is analyzed, the sequence of assembling trapezoidal segments in compliance with tunnel alignment will be computed. On site an operator can utilize the softwareto automatically determine sequential arrangement of trapezoidal segments. When the actual arrangement of segmental lining is different from the computed output, the operator can input the actually measured values to coincide the computerized calculation with the real status of assembly. Then the adjustment will be the basis of subsequent arrangement of segments, thus the continuity of work can be guaranteed.

(1-x)Pb(Yb_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃-xPbTiO₃ (0.40 ≤ x ≤ 0.60) 고용계에서의 PbTiO₃ 치환에 따른 상전이 영역의 상전이 거동과 유전특성

김정현,Kim, Jung-Hyun 한국세라믹학회 2012 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.49 No.3

In this study, crystal structural changes and dielectric properties of $(1-x)Pb(Yb_{1/2}Nb_{1/2})O_3-xPbTiO_3$ ((1-x)PYN-xPT) solid solutions were measured and analyzed with respect to the $PbTiO_3$ (PT) contents ($0.40{\leq}x{\leq}0.60$). From X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, (1-x)PYN-xPT solid solutions showed changes of the crystal structure from pseudocubic ($0.40{\leq}x{\leq}0.44$) to tetragonal ($0.52{\leq}x{\leq}0.60$) on increasing PT contents and exhibited the coexistence of pseudocubic and tetragonal phase near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition ($0.46{\leq}x{\leq}0.50$). The dielectric constant showed a maximum value at x = 0.46 and the maximum values in (1-x)PYN-xPT decreased with higher PT contents. The phase transition temperatures of (1-x)PYN-xPT solid solutions increased over the whole composition ranges tested ($0.40{\leq}x{\leq}0.60$).

중·저온형 고체산화물 연료전지 공기극 물질로 사용되는 이중층 페로브스카이트와 컴플렉스 페로브스카이트의 전기 전도도 비교

김정현,Kim, Jung Hyun 한국세라믹학회 2014 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.51 No.4

Electrical conductivities of complex perovskites, layered perovskite and Sr doped layered perovskite oxides were measured and analyzed for cathode materials of Intermediate Temperature-operating Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT-SOFCs). The electrical conductivities of $Sm_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_{3-\delta}$ (x = 0.3 and 0.7) exhibit a metal-insulator transition (MIT) behavior as a function of temperature. However, $Sm_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CoO_{3-\delta}$ (SSC55) shows metallic conductivity characteristics and the maximum electrical conductivity value compared to the values of $Pr_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CoO_{3-\delta}$ (PSC55) and $Nd_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CoO_{3-\delta}$ (NSC55). The electrical conductivity of $SmBaCo_2O_{5+\delta}$ (SBCO) exhibits a MIT at about $250^{\circ}C$. The maximum conductivity is 570 S/cm at $200^{\circ}C$ and its value is higher than 170 S/cm over the whole temperature range tested. $SmBa_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}Co_2O_{5+\delta}$ (SBSCO), 0.5 mol% Sr and Ba substituted at the layered perovskite shows a typically metallic conductivity that is very similar to the behavior of the SSC55 cathode, and the maximum and minimum electrical conductivity in the SBSCO are 1280 S/cm at $50^{\circ}C$ and 280 S/cm at $900^{\circ}C$.

RPG 게임의 유형 및 게이머의 유형을 통한 게임디자인 방법에 관한 연구 -MMORPG게임을 중심으로-

김정현,김경식,Kim Jung-Hyun,Kim Kyung-Sik 한국콘텐츠학회 2006 게임&엔터테인먼트논문지 Vol.2 No.3

롤플레잉 게임(RPG)은 TRPG를 시작으로 질적, 양적으로 많은 발전이 이루어지고 있고 현재 가장 인기 있는 게임 장르이다. 그동안 게임의 룰 및 시스템은 기존의 게임과 비교해서 크게 개선이 이루어지고 있지 않은 채 과거의 시스템을 답습하는 문제점이 있기 때문에 새로 출시되는 게임들이 고전을 하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 RPG게임의 유형과 게이머의 유형분석을 통해 새로 출시되는 게임이 가져야할 디자인 방법을 제시한다. Roll Playing Game is currently one of the most popular game genre with qualitive and quantitative development from the start of Table RPG. Meanwhile the rules and systems of games have been repeated old system, that new RPG game are confronting many problems. In this paper, we propose a new design methodology for RPG games following types of RPG game, types of garners.

음주에 따른 음성 변화에 대한 고찰

김정현,윤제환,조형호,조연,조재식,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Yoon, Je-Hwan,Cho, Hyung-Ho,Cho, Yeon,Cho, Jae-Sik 대한후두음성언어의학회 2002 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Background and Objectives : It has been pointed out that alcohol intake in human beings induces changes in voice register and maximum phonation time. These changes supposedly result from injection of the vibratory vocal folds. The purpose of this study was to clarify the voice changes associated with alcohol intake and the changes of laryngeal mucosa. Materials and Methods : The subjects included 29 volunteers, including 20 men and 9 women ranging in age from 22 to 31 years. Alcohol intake was accomplished by oral administration of 23% soju 1 bottle (255cc). Serum alcohol concentration levels were evaluated hourly for 3 h after ingestion of alcohol. Seven measurements were performed at pre-alcohol intake and post-alcohol intake hourly : fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, noise to harmonic ratio as the acoustic analysis, maximal phonation time, mean flow rate, and subglottal pressure as the aerodynamic analysis. The changes of laryngeal mucosa were evaluated by flexible laryngoscope at each measurement. Results : By comparing the acoustic and aerodynamic data and laryngeal mucosa before and after alcohol intake, there were not remarkable changes (p>0.05). Conclusion : The voice and laryngeal mucosa have not remarkably changed according to alcohol concentration in this study. Furthermore studies on the voice change induced by multiple alcohol concentrations are required.